Imperialism

376 Pages·2022·2.346 MB·English

by  Peter J. Cain, Mark Harrison

IMPERIALISM
Critical Concepts in Historical Studies

IMPERIALISM
Critical Concepts in Historical Studies
Edited by Peter J. Cain and Mark Harrison
VOLUME II
First published 2001 by Routledge
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Editorial material and selection © 2001 Peter J. Cain and Mark Harrison;
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British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Imperialism : critical concepts in historical studies / edited by Peter J. Cain and
Mark Harrison.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-415-20627-8 (set)—ISBN 0-415-20628-6 (v. 1)
—ISBN 0-415-20629-4 (v. 2)—ISBN 0-415-20630-8 (v. 3)
1. Imperialism. I. Cain, P. J., 1941– II. Harrison, Mark, 1964–
JC359.I473 2000
325′.32—dc21 00-032314
ISBN 13: 978-0-415-20627-3 (set)
ISBN 13: 978-0-415-20629-7 (hbk) (Volume II)
DOI: 10.4324/9781003101529
Contents
VOLUME II
PART III: Modern Marxism and Dependency Theories 1
23. Extracts from The Political Economy of Growth
Paul A. Baran 3
24. The Development of Underdevelopment
Andre Gunder Frank 26
25. Imperialism in the Seventies: Unity or Rivalry?
Bob Rowthorn 37
26. A Structural Theory of Imperialism Johan Galtung 59
27. Extract from Unequal Exchange: A Study in the
Imperialism of Trade Arghiri Emmanuel 109
28. Some African and Third World Theories of Imperialism
Thomas Hodgkin 122
29. The Rise and Future Demise of the World Capitalist System:
Concepts for Comparative Analysis Immanuel Wallerstein 141
30. Postimperialism: A Class Analysis of Multinational Corporate
Expansion Richard Sklar 170
31. The Crisis of Imperialism Samir Amin 189
32. Extracts from Imperialism: Pioneer of Capitalism Bill Warren 202
PART IV: Modern Historians and Imperialism 227
33. A Critique of Imperialism W. L. Langer 229
34. The Imperialism of Free Trade, 1815–1914
J. Gallagher and R. E. Robinson 244
35. Some Thoughts on the Nature of Economic Imperialism
David Landes 260
vi Contents
36. Theorising about ‘Imperialism’: A Methodological Note
Katharine West 275
37. Imperialism in the Twentieth Century A. P. Thornton 284
38. Gentlemanly Capitalism and British Imperialism: The Old
Colonial System P. J. Cain and A. G. Hopkins 303
39. The Excentric Idea of Imperialism, with or without Empire
R. E. Robinson 334
40. Capitalism and the Periodization of International Relations:
Colonialism, Imperialism, Ultraimperialism, and
Postimperialism Keith Haynes 359
PART III: Modern Marxism and
Dependency Theories

23
Extracts from The Political Economy of Growth
Paul A. Baran
Source: The Political Economy of Growth (1957): 271–7, 294–9, 312–17, 325–42.
On the Roots of Backwardness
Western Europe’s large leap forward need not necessarily have prevented
economic growth in other countries. Though they might not have been able
to narrow down, let alone eliminate, the gap between themselves and the
Western European pioneers, they could nevertheless have entered a growth
process of their own, attaining more or less advanced levels of productivity
and output. Indeed, the expanding contact with the scientifically and tech-
nologically leading Western European nations might have been expected
to facilitate the forward movement of the countries with which Western
Europe came into contact. So it actually appeared during the latter seven-
teenth and the eighteenth centuries, in the beginnings of modern capitalism;
and such developments as took place at that time in a number of now under-
developed countries lent ample support to this expectation. The primary accu-
mulation of capital was making rapid progress, crafts and manufacturing
expanded, and mounting revolts of the peasantry combined with increasing
pressure from the rising bourgeoisie everywhere shook the foundations of
the pre-capitalist order. This can be seen whether we consider the early
history of capitalism in Russia and in Eastern and South-eastern Europe or
whether we retrace the beginning of capitalism in India, the Near East, or
even China. Not that all these and other countries would necessarily have
moved along a road identical to that travelled by Britain, Holland, Ger-
many, or France. Differences not only in the natural prerequisites of eco-
nomic development, in geographic location and climate, but also in political,
cultural, and religious background were bound to create divergences in levels
and rates of increase of productivity. Similarly these differences could not
but cause wide variations in the amounts of capital accumulation in the
hands of the capitalist classes of individual nations as well as in the degrees
of cohesion and resilience of their respective pre-capitalist political and social
DOI: 10.4324/9781003101529-2