Thepublishergratefullyacknowledgesthegeneroussupport of theAhmansonFoundationHumanitiesEndowmentFund oftheUniversityofCaliforniaPressFoundation. This page intentionally left blank Imperial Heights FROM INDOCHINA TO VIETNAM: REVOLUTION AND WAR IN A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE EditedbyFredrikLogevallandChristopherE.Goscha 1.AssumingtheBurden:EuropeandtheAmericanCommitmenttoWarinVietnam, byMarkAtwoodLawrence 2.Indochina:AnAmbiguousColonization,1858–1954,byPierreBrocheuxandDanielHémery 3.Vietnam1946:HowtheWarBegan,bySteinTønnesson 4.ImperialHeights:DalatandtheMakingandUndoingofFrenchIndochina,byEricT.Jennings Imperial Heights Dalat and the Making and Undoing of French Indochina Eric T. Jennings UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS Berkeley LosAngeles London Partsofchapters7,8,and13appearedinpreviousforminHistorical Reflection/Réflexionshistoriques,ModernAsianStudies,andTheJournal ofVietnameseStudies,respectively. UniversityofCaliforniaPress,oneofthemostdistinguisheduniversity pressesintheUnitedStates,enricheslivesaroundtheworldbyadvancing scholarshipinthehumanities,socialsciences,andnaturalsciences.Its activitiesaresupportedbytheUCPressFoundationandbyphilanthropic contributionsfromindividualsandinstitutions.Formoreinformation, visitwww.ucpress.edu. UniversityofCaliforniaPress BerkeleyandLosAngeles,California UniversityofCaliforniaPress,Ltd. London,England ©2011byTheRegentsoftheUniversityofCalifornia LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Jennings,EricThomas. Imperialheights:DalatandthemakingandundoingofFrench Indochina/EricT.Jennings. p. cm.—(FromIndochinatoVietnam:revolutionandwarin aglobalperspective;4) Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. isbn978-0-520-26659-9(cloth:alk.paper) 1. ĐàLat(Vietnam)—History. 2. ĐàLat(Vietnam)—Colonial influence. 3. France—Colonies—Asia—History. I. Title. DS559.93.D3J46 2011 959.7'6—dc22 2010042773 ManufacturedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ThisbookisprintedonCascadesEnviro100,a100%postconsumerwaste, recycled,de-inkedfiber.FSCrecycledcertifiedandprocessedchlorinefree. Itisacidfree,Ecologocertified,andmanufacturedbyBioGasenergy. ForChantalandLarry This page intentionally left blank Contents ListofIllustrations ix ForewordbytheSeriesEditors xi Acknowledgments xiii Introduction 1 1. EscapingDeathintheTropics 6 2. MurderontheRaceforAltitude 21 3. Health,Altitude,andClimate 35 4. EarlyDalat,1898–1918 58 5. ColonialExpectations,Pastimes,Comestibles, Comforts,andDiscomforts 72 6. Situatingthe“Montagnards” 94 7. AFunctionalCity? Architecture,Planning,Zoning,andTheirCritics 112 8. TheDalatPalaceHotel 138 9. VietnameseDalat 158 10. SomeColonialCategories: Children,EuropeanWomen,andMétis 178 11. DivineDalat 194