Immunization and States: The Politics of Making Vaccines

239 Pages·2021·15.767 MB·English

by  Stuart Blume (editor), Baptiste Baylac-Paouly (editor)

IMMUNIZATION AND STATES
Globally, there has been a move away from national public sector vaccine devel-
opment over the past 30 years. Immunization and States: The Politics of Making
Vaccines explores vaccine geopolitics, analyzing why, and how this move hap-
pened, before looking at the ramifications in the context of Covid-19.
This unique book uses eight country studies – looking at Croatia, India, Iran,
the Netherlands, Romania, Serbia, Spain, and Sweden – to explore the role of public
sector vaccine institutes, past, and present. Raising questions about national sov-
ereignty, the erosion of multilateralism, and geopolitics, it also contributes to
debates around public interest and privatization in the health sector. An extended
introduction sets the chapters in an international context, whilst the epilogue
looks forward to the future of vaccine development and production.
This is an important book for students, scholars, and practitioners with an
interest in vaccine development from a range of fields, including public health,
medicine, science and technology studies, history of medicine, politics, interna-
tional relations, and the sociology of health and illness.
Stuart Blume is Emeritus Professor in the Department of Anthropology, Uni-
versity of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Baptiste Baylac-Paouly is fixed-term Lecturer in History of Medicine at the
Medical School Lyon-Est, France.

IMMUNIZATION AND
STATES
The Politics of Making Vaccines
Edited by Stuart Blume and Baptiste
Baylac-Paouly
First published 2022
by Routledge
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and by Routledge
605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
© 2022 selection and editorial matter, Stuart Blume and Baptiste
Baylac-Paouly; individual chapters, the contributors
The right of Stuart Blume and Baptiste Baylac-Paouly to be
identified as the authors of the editorial material, and of the authors for
their individual chapters, has been asserted in accordance with sections
77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced
or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other
means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and
recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without
permission in writing from the publishers.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks
or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and
explanation without intent to infringe.
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
A catalog record has been requested for this book
ISBN: 978-0-367-67226-3 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-0-367-67227-0 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-003-13034-5 (ebk)
DOI: 10.4324/9781003130345
Typeset in Bembo
by KnowledgeWorks Global Ltd.
CONTENTS
List of figures vii
List of tables viii
List of contributors ix
Acknowledgements xii
Introduction 1
Stuart Blume and Baptiste Baylac-Paouly
1 The privatization of societal vaccinology in the Netherlands 20
Jan Hendriks
2 The rise and fall of state vaccine institutions in
Spain (1871−1986) 44
María-José Báguena and María-Isabel Porras
3 Politics of vaccination in Sweden: the National Bacteriological
Laboratory SBL (1909–1993) and current debates 65
Motzi Eklöf
4 The failed promises of a brighter future: the Institute of
Immunology in Zagreb from a public asset to a
privatized burden 89
Vedran Duanˇci´c, Snježana Ivˇci´c, and Ana Vraˇcar
vi Contents
5 Wilful neoliberal incapacitation of India’s public sector vaccine
institutions 110
Madhavi Yennapu
6 Start with the world and continue in isolation:
the Pasteur and Razi Institutes’ vaccine legacy in Iran 138
Payam Roshanfekr and Parisa Roshanfekr
7 Translating Pasteur’s vision in Eastern Europe: the role
of the Cantacuzino Institute in Romanian vaccination
policies and vaccine production 155
Valentin-Veron Toma
8 Vaccine production in Serbia: political and socio-cultural
determinants in historical perspective 176
Vesna Trifunovi´c
Epilogue: states and vaccines in the age of Covid-19 199
Stuart Blume and Maurizia Mezza
Index 218
FIGURES
1.1 FAIR founders (from left to right): Hans Cohen,
Charles Mérieux, and Jonas Salk (1984) 24
1.2 Vaccinology training courses for international capacity
building since the 1970s. 25
1.3 Relative contribution of vaccines produced by the public
sector for diseases addressed by the Netherlands Immunization
Programme (NIP) between 1950 and 2020. 32
5.1 BCGVL Chennai: Production, purchase order from
the government, and supply of vaccines to the UIP 126
5.2 Central Research Institute (CRI) Kasauli: Production,
purchase order from the government, and supply of
DT vaccines to the UIP 126
5.3 Central Research Institute (CRI) Kasauli: Production,
purchase order from the government, and supply of
TT vaccines to the UIP 127
5.4 Central Research Institute (CRI) Kasauli: Production,
purchase order from the government, and supply of
DPT vaccines to the UIP 127
5.5 Pasteur Institute of India (PII) Coonoor: Production,
purchase order from the government, and supply of
DPT vaccines to the UIP 128
5.6 Pasteur Institute of India (PII) Coonoor: Production,
purchase order from the government, and supply of
DT vaccines to the UIP 128
5.7 Pasteur Institute of India (PII) Coonoor: Production,
purchase order from the government, and supply of
TT vaccines to the UIP 129
TABLES
1.1 Milestones in the deconstruction of Dutch vaccinology 37
5.1 Vaccine R&D and production in Public Sector Vaccine
Institutions (PSVIs) established since 1800 112
5.2 The difference in vaccine prices between the public
sector (PSVIs) and private companies per dose (0.5 ml) 120
5.3 Percentage share of vaccine production by private and
public sector in India 125
CONTRIBUTORS
María-José Báguena passed away on 13 March 2021. She was at that time a
full Professor of History of Science at the University of Valencia, as well as a
member of the López Piñero Interuniversity Institute in Valencia. Her research
was focused on the historical evolution of infectious diseases, the institutions and
people who carried out microbiological research in Spain, and policies for the
prevention and treatment of these diseases.
Baptiste Baylac-Paouly is a fixed-term lecturer at the Medical School of
Lyon-Est, University Lyon 1. His research interest is the history of infectious
diseases control strategies and policies. After working for 5 years on meningitis
A in Africa and Brazil, he is now working on polio control strategies and policies
in France in the second half of the twentieth century.
Stuart Blume is Emeritus Professor of Science & Technology Studies and a
member of the Department of Anthropology at the University of Amsterdam.
He has been an advisor on bioethics to the World Federation of the Deaf, a
‘Professor 2’ at the University of Oslo, and ‘Prometeo’ fellow at the University
of Cuenca (Ecuador).
Vedran Duancˇic´ holds a PhD in history and civilization from the European
University Institute in Florence (2016). He specializes in the modern intellectual
history and the twentieth-century history of science. Between 2017 and 2021, he
was a postdoctoral researcher at the Institute for the History and Philosophy of
Science at the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts in Zagreb.
Motzi Eklöf is an associate professor in health and society. After 20 years in
the academy, she is now working as independent researcher. Her research area is
the social and cultural history of medicine and health, including ethical aspects.