Imagining Pakistan Imagining Pakistan Modernism, State, and the Politics of Islamic Revival Rasul Bakhsh Rais LEXINGTONBOOKS Lanham•Boulder•NewYork•London PublishedbyLexingtonBooks AnimprintofTheRowman&LittlefieldPublishingGroup,Inc. 4501ForbesBoulevard,Suite200,Lanham,Maryland20706 www.rowman.com UnitA,WhitacreMews,26-34StannaryStreet,LondonSE114AB Copyright©2017byLexingtonBooks Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereproducedinanyformorbyany electronicormechanicalmeans,includinginformationstorageandretrievalsystems, withoutwrittenpermissionfromthepublisher,exceptbyareviewerwhomayquote passagesinareview. BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationInformationAvailable LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataAvailable ISBN978-1-4985-5395-7(cloth:alk.paper) ISBN978-1-4985-5396-4(electronic) TMThepaperusedinthispublicationmeetstheminimumrequirementsofAmerican NationalStandardforInformationSciencesPermanenceofPaperforPrintedLibrary Materials,ANSI/NISOZ39.48-1992. PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica Idedicatethisbooktomymothers,NuriandHurmat,fortheir unboundedlove,selflessness,andcare. Contents Preface ix 1 Introduction 1 2 IslamandtheState 15 3 ModernismandImaginingofPakistan 41 4 ErosionofModernistTradition 67 5 TheStateinDecline 93 6 ThePoliticsofIslamicRevival 123 7 TheStruggleWithin 155 8 Conclusion:RevivingtheStateandSociety 181 Bibliography 203 Index 215 AbouttheAuthor 221 vii
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