Imaging and Spectroscopic Analysis of Living Cells: Live Cell Imaging of Cellular Elements PDF
Preview Imaging and Spectroscopic Analysis of Living Cells: Live Cell Imaging of Cellular Elements
METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY Editors-in-Chief JOHN N. ABELSON AND MELVIN I. SIMON Division of Biology California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California Founding Editors SIDNEY P. COLOWICK AND NATHAN O. KAPLAN Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier 525 B Street, Suite 1900, San Diego, CA 92101-4495, USA 225 Wyman Street, Waltham, MA 02451, USA 32 Jamestown Road, London NW1 7BY, UK First edition 2012 Copyright # 2012, Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Science & Technology Rights Department in Oxford, UK: phone (+44) (0) 1865 843830; fax (+44) (0) 1865 853333; email: CONTRIBUTORS Eric Alonas Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Enni Bertling Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Manoj Kumar Bhat National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune, India Sameera Bilgrami Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, California, USA Philippe Birembaut INSERM, UMRS 903; Universite´ de Reims Champagne Ardenne, and CHU Reims, Hoˆpital Maison Blanche, Reims, France Arnaud Bonnomet INSERM, UMRS 903, and Universite´ de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France Mario Brameshuber Biophysics Institute, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstr., Linz, and Institute of Applied Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Wiedner Hauptstr., Wien, Austria Roland Brandt Department of Neurobiology, University of Osnabru¨ck, Osnabru¨ck, Germany Marek Cebecauer Department of Biophysics, J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic Achille Cittadini Facolta` di Medicina e Chirurgia “A. Gemelli,” Istituto di Patologia Generale and Centro di Ricerche Oncologiche “Giovanni XXIII,” Universita` Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy Je´roˆme Cutrona INSERM, UMRS 903, and Universite´ de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France xiii xiv Contributors Damien D’Amours Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Universite´ de Montre´al, Montre´al, Quebec, Canada Jonas Dorn Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Universite´ de Montre´al, Montre´al, Quebec, Canada Roy Edward Biostatus Ltd, Shepshed, Leicestershire, United Kingdom Anne Gauthier-Kemper Department of Neurobiology, University of Osnabru¨ck, Osnabru¨ck, Germany Subhasri Ghosh National Centre for Biological Science, Bangalore, India 1 Debanjan Goswami National Centre for Biological Science, Bangalore, India Mathias Hafner Institut fu¨r Medizintechnologie der Universita¨t Heidelberg und Hochschule Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany Pirta Hotulainen Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Zhen Huang Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA Jana Humpol´ıcˇkova´ Department of Biophysics, J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic Antoine Jonquet INSERM, UMRS 903, and Universite´ de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France Jeenah Jung Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Tom Kirchhausen Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, and Immune Disease Institute and Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine at Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA 1 Present address: Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA Contributors xv Mikko Koskinen Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Comert Kural Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, and Immune Disease Institute and Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine at Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Anne-Marie Ladouceur Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Universite´ de Montre´al, Montre´al, Quebec, Canada Boyangzi Li Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York, USA Aaron W. Lifland Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Stephen J. Lippard Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA Amy S. Maddox Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Universite´ de Montre´al, Montre´al, Quebec, Canada Paul S. Maddox Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Universite´ de Montre´al, Montre´al, Quebec, Canada Nancy Marcus-Gueret Department of Biology, Trinity Western University, Langley, and Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada Satyajit Mayor National Centre for Biological Science, Bangalore, India Lawrence W. Miller Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA Feiyan Mock Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York, USA Marco Mongillo Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Via Orus 2, Padua, Italy xvi Contributors Susana R. Neves Department of Pharmacology and System Therapeutics, Friedman Brain Institute, Systems Biology Center of New York, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA Mayumi Nishi Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan Wojciech P. Pawlowski Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA Paul R. Pryor Centre for Immunology and Infection, Hull York Medical School and Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom Harsha E. Rajapakse Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA Laura Ramsay Department of Biology, Trinity Western University, Langley and Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada Rajesh Ranjan Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Universite´ de Montre´al, Montre´al, Quebec, Canada Hery Ratsima Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Universite´ de Montre´al, Montre´al, Quebec, Canada Hans-Ju¨rgen Reyher Department of Experimental Physics, University of Osnabru¨ck, Osnabru¨ck, Germany Petra Rohrbach Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Quebec, Canada Jere´mie Rossy Centre for Vascular Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia Ru¨diger Rudolf Institut fu¨r Toxikologie und Genetik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany Suvrajit Saha National Centre for Biological Science, Bangalore, India Contributors xvii Philip J. Santangelo Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Gerhard J. Schu¨tz Biophysics Institute, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstr., Linz, and Institute of Applied Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Wiedner Hauptstr., Wien, Austria Kristopher L. Schmidt Department of Biology, Trinity Western University, Langley, and Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada Monika Schweigel-Ro¨ntgen Research Unit Nutritional Physiology “Oskar Kellner,” Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany Robin M. Shaw Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA Moira J. Sheehan Nature Source Genetics, Ithaca, New York, USA James W. Smyth Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA Eve G. Stringham Department of Biology, Trinity Western University, Langley, and Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada Christine Terryn Universite´ de Reims Champagne Ardenne, and IFR53, Reims, France Valentina Trapani Facolta` di Medicina e Chirurgia “A. Gemelli,” Istituto di Patologia Generale and Centro di Ricerche Oncologiche “Giovanni XXIII,” Universita` Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy Maleppillil Vavachan Vijayakumar National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune, India Naoki Watanabe Laboratory of Single-Molecule Cell Biology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Life Sciences, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan xviii Contributors Carina Weissmann Department of Neurobiology, University of Osnabru¨ck, Osnabru¨ck, Germany Wendy C. Wenderski Department of Pharmacology and System Therapeutics, Friedman Brain Institute, Systems Biology Center of New York, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA Federica I. Wolf Facolta` di Medicina e Chirurgia “A. Gemelli,” Istituto di Patologia Generale and Centro di Ricerche Oncologiche “Giovanni XXIII,” Universita` Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy Peng Wu Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York, USA Jean-Marie Zahm INSERM, UMRS 903; IFR53, and CHU Reims, Hoˆpital Maison Blanche, Reims, France Chiara Zurla Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA PREFACE Going back to the dawn of light microscopy, imaging techniques have provided the opportunity for developing models of cellular function. Over the past 40 years, the availability of technology for high-resolution imaging and for evaluation of those images in live cells has extended our reach and, accordingly, our ability to understand cell function. Given the large number of choices in equipment and approaches, sorting out the best approach can be challenging, even to seasoned investigators. The present volumes provide descriptions of methods used to image living cells, with particular reference to the technical approaches and reagents needed and approaches to selecting the best techniques. The authors explain how these methods are able to provide important biological insights in normal and pathological cells. Authors were selected based on research contributions in the area about which they have written and based on their ability to describe their meth- odological contribution in a clear and reproducible way. They have been encouraged to make use of graphics, comparisons to other methods, and to provide tricks and approaches not revealed in prior publications that make it possible to adapt methods to other systems. The editor wants to express appreciation to the contributors for providing their contributions in a timely fashion, to the senior editors for guidance, and to the staff at Academic Press for helpful input. P. MICHAEL CONN xix METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY VOLUME I. Preparation and Assay of Enzymes Edited by SIDNEY P. COLOWICK AND NATHAN O. KAPLAN VOLUME II. Preparation and Assay of Enzymes Edited by SIDNEY P. COLOWICK AND NATHAN O. KAPLAN VOLUME III. Preparation and Assay of Substrates Edited by SIDNEY P. COLOWICK AND NATHAN O. KAPLAN VOLUME IV. Special Techniques for the Enzymologist Edited by SIDNEY P. COLOWICK AND NATHAN O. KAPLAN VOLUME V. Preparation and Assay of Enzymes Edited by SIDNEY P. COLOWICK AND NATHAN O. KAPLAN VOLUME VI. Preparation and Assay of Enzymes (Continued) Preparation and Assay of Substrates Special Techniques Edited by SIDNEY P. COLOWICK AND NATHAN O. KAPLAN VOLUME VII. Cumulative Subject Index Edited by SIDNEY P. COLOWICK AND NATHAN O. KAPLAN VOLUME VIII. Complex Carbohydrates Edited by ELIZABETH F. NEUFELD AND VICTOR GINSBURG VOLUME IX. Carbohydrate Metabolism Edited by WILLIS A. WOOD VOLUME X. Oxidation and Phosphorylation Edited by RONALD W. ESTABROOK AND MAYNARD E. PULLMAN VOLUME XI. Enzyme Structure Edited by C. H. W. HIRS VOLUME XII. Nucleic Acids (Parts A and B) Edited by LAWRENCE GROSSMAN AND KIVIE MOLDAVE VOLUME XIII. Citric Acid Cycle Edited by J. M. LOWENSTEIN VOLUME XIV. Lipids Edited by J. M. LOWENSTEIN VOLUME XV. Steroids and Terpenoids Edited by RAYMOND B. CLAYTON xxi
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