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OTHER VOLUMES IN THE EXPERT RADIOLOGY SERIES Abdominal Imaging Breast Imaging Cardiovascular Imaging Gynecologic Imaging Imaging of the Brain Imaging of the Chest Imaging of the Musculoskeletal System Imaging of the Spine Obstetric Imaging IMAGE-GUIDED INTERVENTIONS SECOND EDITION MATTHEW A. MAURO, MD, FACR The Ernest H. Wood Distinguished Professor of Radiology and Surgery Chairman, Department of Radiology University of North Carolina School of Medicine Chapel Hill, North Carolina KIERAN P.J. MURPHY, MB, FRCPC, FSIR Professor of Radiology Joint Department of Medical Imaging University Health Network Mount Sinai Hospital Women’s College Hospital Toronto, Ontario, Canada KENNETH R. THOMSON, MD, FRANZCR Professor of Radiology Monash University Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences Director, Radiology Department Alfred Hospital Melbourne, Victoria, Australia ANTHONY C. VENBRUX, MD Director, Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences Washington, DC ROBERT A. MORGAN, MBChB, MRCP, FRCR, EBIR Consultant, Vascular and Interventional Radiologist Radiology Department St. George’s NHS Trust London, United Kingdom 1600 John F. Kennedy Blvd. Ste 1800 Philadelphia, PA 19103-2899 IMAGE-GUIDED INTERVENTIONS ISBN: 978-1-4557-0596-2 (A Volume in the Expert Radiology Series) Copyright © 2014, 2008 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Chapter 111: “Arteriography and Arterial Stimulation with Venous Sampling for Localizing Pancreatic Endocrine Tumors” by Anthony W. Kam, Bradford J. Wood, and Richard Chang is in the Public Domain. Chapter 151: “Termal Ablation of the Adrenal Gland” by Deepak Sudheendra and Bradford J. Wood is in the Public Domain. 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Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility. With respect to any drug or pharmaceutical products identifed, readers are advised to check the most current information provided (i) on procedures featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of each product to be administered, to verify the recommended dose or formula, the method and duration of administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of practitioners, relying on their own experience and knowledge of their patients, to make diagnoses, to determine dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient, and to take all appropriate safety precautions. To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Image-guided interventions / Matthew A. Mauro … [et al.].—2nd ed. p. ; cm.—(Expert radiology series) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-4557-0596-2 (hardcover : alk. paper) I. Mauro, Matthew A., 1951- II. Series: Expert radiology series. [DNLM: 1. Radiography, Interventional–methods. 2. Diagnostic Techniques, Surgical. 3. Vascular Diseases–radiography. 4. Vascular Diseases–therapy. 5. Vascular Surgical Procedures– methods. WN 200] 616.1′307572–dc23 2012046151 Content Strategist: Helene Caprari Senior Content Development Specialist: Jennifer Shreiner Publishing Services Manager: Anne Altepeter Project Manager: Cindy Toms Working together to grow Design Direction: Steven Stave libraries in developing countries Printed in China www.elsevier.com | www.bookaid.org | www.sabre.org Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To Pat, my wife, for her unwavering love and support and to our children, Lauren and David, my most precious accomplishments Matt Mauro To Rulan, my wife, Ronan and Anya, the three most interesting people I know in the world, thank you for allowing me the time and space to work on this book and all my other crazy ideas. To everyone who has taken the time to teach me, thank you for your patience Kieran Murphy To my wife, Barbara Ken Tomson To my family; to my patients, who have taught me so much; to my mentors; and to Michael Heinl Tony Venbrux To my family and friends for their forbearance, support, and good cheer over the years Robert Morgan Contributors Hani H. Abujudeh, MD, MBA Morvarid Alaghmand, MD Associate Professor of Radiology Internist Massachusetts General Hospital Riverside Primary Care Associates Harvard Medical School District Heights, Maryland Boston, Massachusetts Alimentary Tract Vasculature Acute Lower Extremity Ischemia Renal Vasculature Andreas Adam, PhD, FRCP, FRCS, FRCR Ali Albayati, MBChB Professor Fellow Department of Interventional Radiology Division of Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology King’s College George Washington University Medical Center Consultant Radiologist Washington, DC St. Tomas’ Hospital Principles of Intraprocedural Analgesics and Sedatives London, United Kingdom Management of Male Varicocele Esophageal Intervention in Malignant and Benign Esophageal Disease Agaicha Alfdja, MD Faculty of Medicine Allison S. Aguado, MD University Hospital Fellow Clermont-Ferrand, France Department of Radiology Acute Mesenteric Ischemia Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center New York, New York Ziyad Al-Otaibi, MD Embolotherapy for the Management of Liver Malignancies Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Other Than Hepatocellular Carcinoma George Washington University Medical Canter Washington, DC Muneeb Ahmed, MD Treatment of Medical Emergencies Assistant Professor of Radiology Section of Interventional Radiology John F. Angle, MD Harvard Medical School Professor Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging Boston, Massachusets Director Image-Guided Thermal Tumor Ablation: Basic Science and Division of Angiography and Interventional Radiology Combination Therapies University of Virgina Health System Charlottesville, Virginia Kamran Ahrar, MD Balloon Catheters Professor Closure Devices Departments of Diagnostic Radiology and Toracic and Tracheobronchial Interventions Cardivascular Surgery University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Gary M. Ansel, MD, FACC Houston, Texas Director, Center for Critical Limb Care Thermal Ablation of Renal Cell Carcinoma Riverside Methodist Hospital Columbus, Ohio Andrew Akman, MD Assistant Clinical Professor of Medicine Assistant Professor of Radiology Medical University of Ohio Interventional Radiology Toledo, Ohio George Washington University School of Medicine and Chronic Upper Extremity Ischemia and Revascularization Health Sciences Washington, DC Management of Male Varicocele vii viii CONTRIBUTORS Julien Auriol, MD Carlo Bartolozzi, MD Praticien Hospitalier Professor Service de Radiologie Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology L’Hôpital Rangueil University of Pisa Universitaire de Toulouse Pisa, Italy Toulouse, France Energy-Based Ablation of Hepatocellular Cancer Vascular Intervention in the Liver Transplant Patient Jason R. Bauer, MD, RVT Chad Baarson, DO Director of Interventional Oncology Department of Radiology Interventional and Vascular Consultants, PC National Capital Consortium Portland, Oregon Walter Reed National Military Medical Canter Embolization Agents Bethesda, Maryland Bipedal Lymphangiography Richard A. Baum, MD, MPA Director, Interventional Radiology Juan Carlos Baez, MD Te Herbert L. Abrams Director of Angiography and Resident Interventional Radiology Department of Radiology Brigham and Women’s Hospital Brigham and Woman’s Hospital Associate Professor Boston, Massachusetts Department of Radiology Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Harvard Medical School Image-Guided Intervention for Symptomatic Tarlov Cysts Boston, Massachusetts Scalene Blocks and Their Role in Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Thoracic Duct Embolization for Postoperative Chylothorax Curtis W. Bakal, MD, MPH Kevin W. Bell, MBBS, FRANZCR Chair, Radiology Clinical Associate Professor of Radiology Lahey Clinic University of Melbourne Faculty of Medicine Burlington, Massachusetts Director Professor of Radiology Department of Radiology Tufts University School of Medicine Western Health Boston, Massachusetts Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Diagnostic Catheters and Guidewires Vascular Anatomy of the Thorax, Including the Heart Jörn O. Balzer, MD, PhD Jacqueline A. Bello, MD Director Professor Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Departments of Radiology and Neurosurgery Catholic Clinic Mainz Albert Einstein College of Medicine Mainz, Germany Director of Neuroradiology Endovascular Laser Therapy Department of Radiology Montefore Medical Center Alex M. Barnacle, MRCP, FRCR Bronx, New York Consultant Interventional Radiologist Management of Head and Neck Tumors Department of Radiology Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children Jennifer Berkeley, MD, PhD London, United Kingdom Neurointensivist Management of High-Flow Vascular Anomalies Department of Neurology Sinai Hospital of Baltimore Bradley P. Barnett, MD, PhD Baltimore, Maryland Research Fellow Cervical Artery Dissection Department of Radiology Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions Michael A. Bettmann, MD, FACR Baltimore, Maryland Professor of Radiology Emeritus Craniocervical Vascular Anatomy Wake Forest University School of Medicine Winston-Salem, North Carolina Gamal Baroud, PhD Co-Chair Professor Task Force on Imaging Decision Support Department of Mechanical Engineering American College of Radiology Director, Biomechanics Laboratory Reston, Virginia Canada Research Chair in Skeletal Reconstruction Contrast Agents University of Sherbrooke Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada New Directions in Bone Materials CONTRIBUTORS ix José I. Bilbao, MD, PhD Marc Bohner, PhD Professor of Radiology Material Science Engineer Universidad de Navarra Dr. Robert Mathys Foundation Consultant Radiologist Bettlach, Switzerland Clínica Universitaria de Navarra New Directions in Bone Materials Pamplona, Spain Portal-Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis Amman Bolia, MBChB, DMRD, FRCR Consultant Vascular Radiologist Deniz Bilecen, MD, PhD Departments of Imaging and Interventions Chief University Hospital of Leicester NHS Trust Department of Radiology Leicester, United Kingdom Kantonsspital Laufen Subintimal Angioplasty Laufen, Switzerland Transjugular Liver Biopsy Irene Boos, VMD Clinical Research Tiago Bilhim, MD Interventional Radiology Interventional Radiologist Woerth, Germany Department of Radiology Intraarterial Ports for Chemotherapy St. Louis Hospital Faculty of Medical Sciences Charles F. Botti, Jr., MD, FACC New University of Lisbon Cardiac and Peripheral Vascular Interventionist Lisbon, Portugal MidOhio Cardiology and Vascular Consultants Treatment of High-Flow Priapism and Erectile Dysfunction Riverside Methodist Hospital Columbus, Ohio Christoph A. Binkert, MD, MBA Chronic Upper Extremity Ischemia and Revascularization Chairman of Radiology Institute of Radiology Nina M. Bowens, MD Kantonsspital Winterthur General Surgery Resident Winterthur, Switzerland Department of Surgery Inferior Vena Cava Filters Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania Caval Filtration Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Thoracic Aortic Stent-Grafting and Management of Traumatic Haraldur Bjarnason, MD Thoracic Aortic Lesions Professor of Radiology Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology Louis Boyer, MD, PhD Mayo Clinic Professor of Radiology Rochester, Minnesota Faculty of Medicine Acute Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis ISIT, UMR CNRS 6284 University D’Auvergne Head, Department of Radiology James H. Black, III, MD, FACS University Hospital Bertram M. Bernheim, MD Associate Clermont-Ferrand, France Professor of Surgery Acute Mesenteric Ischemia Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Elena Bozzi, MD Clinical Vascular Examination Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology University of Pisa Brian M. Block, MD, PhD Pisa, Italy President Energy-Based Ablation of Hepatocellular Cancer Baltimore Spine Center Towson, Maryland Peter R. Bream, Jr., MD Instructor Associate Professor Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Departments of Radiology and Radiological Sciences and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Stellate Ganglion Block Director, PICC Service Facet Joint Injection Program Director, Interventional and Vascular Radiology Epidural Steroid Injection Vanderbilt University Medical Center Scalene Blocks and Their Role in Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Nashville, Tennessee Tunneled Central Venous Catheters x CONTRIBUTORS Rachel F. Brem, MD Jozef M. Brozyna, BS Professor West Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine Department of Radiology Lewisburg, West Virginia George Washington University School of Medicine and A Brief History of Image-Guided Therapy Health Sciences Director Charles T. Burke, MD Breast Imaging and Interventional Center Associate Professor Vice Chair of Radiology Department of Radiology GW Medical Faculty Associates University of North Carolina School of Medicine Washington, DC Chapel Hill, North Carolina Minimally Invasive Image-Guided Breast Biopsy and Ablation Management of Failing Hemodialysis Access Hemodialysis Access: Catheters and Ports Mark F. Brodie, MD Interventional Radiologist James P. Burnes, MBBS, FRACR Department of Radiology Director Naval Medical Center Body Intervention Unit San Diego, California Department of Diagnostic Imaging Fallopian Tube Interventions Monash Medical Centre Moorabbin Southern Health Allan L. Brook, MD Clayton, Victoria, Australia Associate Professor of Clinical Radiology and Neurosurgery Endovascular Treatment of Peripheral Aneurysms Departments of Radiology and Surgery Albert Einstein College of Medicine Patricia E. Burrows, MD Bronx, New York Professor of Radiology Director Medical College of Wisconsin Interventional Neuroradiology Vascular Interventional Radiology Department of Radiology Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin Montefore Medical Center Milwaukee, Wisconsin Brooklyn, New York Management of Low-Flow Vascular Malformations Management of Head and Neck Tumors Justin J. Campbell, MD Benjamin S. Brooke, MD, PhD Staf Radiologist Fellow Department of Radiology Vascular Surgery South Shore Hospital Department of Surgery Weymouth, Massachusetts Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center Percutaneous Abscess Drainage Within the Abdomen and Pelvis Lebanon, New Hampshire Renal and Perirenal Fluid Collection Drainage Clinical Vascular Examination Colin P. Cantwell, MBBCh, BAO, Msc, MRCS, Mark Duncan Brooks, MBBS, FRANZCR FRCR, FFR(RCSI) Consultant Radiologist Consultant Radiologist Department of Radiology Department of Radiology Austin Hospital St. Vincent’s University Hospital Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Dublin, Ireland Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunts Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters and Nontunneled Central Venous Catheters Daniel B. Brown, MD Director Thierry Carrères, MD Interventional Radiology Cardio-vasculaire Radiologie Department of Radiology Hopital Européen Georges Pompidou Tomas Jeferson University Paris, France Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Infrapopliteal Revascularization Management of Biliary Calculi John A. Carrino, MD, MPH Karen T. Brown, MD, FSIR Associate Professor of Radiology and Orthopedic Surgery Interventional Radiologist Section Chief, Musculoskeletal Radiology Department of Medical Imaging Te Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center Radiological Science Professor of Clinical Radiology Johns Hopkins University Department of Radiology School of Medicine Weill Cornell Medical College Baltimore, Maryland New York, New York Image-Guided Percutaneous Biopsy of Musculoskeletal Lesions Bland Embolization for Hepatic Malignancies CONTRIBUTORS xi Lucie Cassagnes, MD Rush H. Chewning, MD Department of Radiology Chief Resident University Hospital Department of Radiology Clemont-Ferrand, France University of Washington School of Medicine Acute Mesenteric Ischemia Seattle, Washington Endovascular Management of Epistaxis Pascal Chabrot, MD, PhD Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Faculty of Medicine ISIT, UMR CNRS 6284 University D’Auvergne Albert K. Chun, MD Department of Radiology Assistant Professor of Radiology and Surgery University Hospital Division of Angiography and Interventional Radiology Clermont-Ferrand, France George Washington University School of Medicine and Acute Mesenteric Ischemia Health Sciences Washington, DC Suma K. Chandra, MD Principles of Arterial Access George Washington University Medical Center Washington, DC Joo-Young Chun, MMBS, BSc, MSc, MRCS, FBCR A Brief History of Image-Guided Therapy Interventional Radiology Fellow Department of Radiology Richard Chang, MD St. George’s Hospital Chief, Endocrine and Venous Services Section London, United Kingdom Senior Clinician Aortic Endografting Section of Interventional Radiology National Institutes of Health Timothy W.I. Clark, MD, MSc, FRCP(C), FSIR Bethesda, Maryland Associate Professor of Clinical Radiology Arteriography and Arterial Stimulation with Venous Sampling Department of Radiology for Localizing Pancreatic Endocrine Tumors University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Rishabh Chaudhari, BA Acute Upper Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis Medical Student Management of Fluid Collections in Acute Pancreatitis George Washington University School of Medicine and Chemical and Thermal Ablation of Desmoid Tumors Health Sciences Washington, DC Wendy A. Cohen, MD Renal Vasculature Professor of Radiology University of Washington School of Medicine Lakhmir S. Chawla, MD Chief of Service Associate Professor Department of Radiology Department of Medicine Harborview Medical Center George Washington University Medical Center Seattle, Washington Washington, DC Use of Skull Views in Visualization of Cerebral Vascular Anatomy Treatment of Medical Emergencies Bairbre Connolly, MB, FRCP(C) Hank K. Chen, MD Pediatric Interventional Radiologist Section of Interventional Radiology Department of Diagnostic Imaging Department of Radiology Hospital for Sick Children George Washington University Medical Center Associate Professor Washington, DC Medical Imaging Department A Brief History of Image-Guided Therapy Earl Glenwood Coulson Chair University of Toronto Yung-Hsin Chen, MD Faculty of Medicine Assistant Clinical Professor of Radiology Toronto, Ontario, Canada Tufts University School of Medicine Pediatric Gastrostomy and Gastrojejunostomy Boston, Massachusetts Image-Guided Percutaneous Biopsy of Musculoskeletal Lesions Alison Corr, MBBCh, BSc Faculty of Radiologists Royal College of Surgeons Dublin, Ireland Percutaneous Biopsy of the Lung, Mediastinum, and Pleura xii CONTRIBUTORS Anne M. Covey, MD, FSIR Robert S.M. Davies, MBChB, MRCS, Associate Professor of Radiology MMed, FRCS (England) Department of Diagnostic Radiology Senior Clinical Fellow Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center British Society of Endovascular Terapy New York, New York Leicester, United Kingdom Management of Malignant Biliary Tract Obstruction Subintimal Angioplasty Laura Crocetti, MD, PhD Thierry de Baère, MD Assistant Professor of Radiology Chief Department of Oncology, Transplants, and Advanced Department of Interventional Radiology Technologies in Medicine Institut Gustave Roussy University of Pisa Faculty of Medicine Villejuif, France Pisa, Italy Portal Vein Embolization Energy-Based Ablation of Hepatocellular Cancer Intraarterial Ports for Chemotherapy Charles D. Crum, MD L. Mark Dean, MD Neuroradiology Fellow Interventional Radiologist Department of Radiology Riverside Methodist Hospital St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center Columbus, Ohio Phoenix, Arizona Selective Nerve Root Block Cryoablation of Liver Tumors Sudhen B. Desai, MD T. Andrew Currier, BSEE, LLB, P ENG Interventional Radiologist Barrister and Solicitor Methodist Sugar Land Hospital Perry and Currier Houston, Texas Patent and Trademark Agents Percutaneous Biopsy Toronto, Ontario, Canada Treatment of Effusions and Abscesses Intellectual Property Management Massimiliano di Primio, MD Ferenc Czeyda-Pommersheim, MD Division of Interventional Radiology Resident in Radiology Hopital Européen Georges Pompidou Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology Paris, France Washington University Infrapopliteal Revascularization Saint Louis, Missouri Uterine Fibroid Embolization Robert G. Dixon, MD Associate Professor Michael D. Dake, MD Department of Radiology Professor of Cardiothoracic Surgery University of North Carolina School of Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine Chapel Hill, North Carolina Director Subcutaneous Ports Catheterization Angiography Laboratory Stanford University Medical Center Pablo D. Domínguez, MD Stanford, California Department of Radiology Balloon Catheters Clínica Universitaria de Navarra Endovascular Treatment of Dissection of the Aorta Pamplona, Spain and Its Branches Portal-Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis Michael D. Darcy, MD Robert F. Dondelinger, MD, Hon FRCR Professor of Radiology Professor and Chair Washington University St. Louis Department of Medical Imaging Chief of Intereventional Radiology University of Liège Faculty of Medicine Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology Liège, Belgium Saint Louis, Missouri Management of Trauma to the Liver and Spleen Management of Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding Splenic Embolization in Nontraumatized Patients Ambulatory Phlebectomy Superior Vena Cava Occlusive Disease Sean R. Dariushnia, MD Assistant Professor of Radiology Division of Interventional Radiology and Image-Guided Medicine Emory School of Medicine Atlanta, Georgia Management of Extremity Vascular Trauma
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