Lecture Notes in Computer Science 6754 CommencedPublicationin1973 FoundingandFormerSeriesEditors: GerhardGoos,JurisHartmanis,andJanvanLeeuwen EditorialBoard DavidHutchison LancasterUniversity,UK TakeoKanade CarnegieMellonUniversity,Pittsburgh,PA,USA JosefKittler UniversityofSurrey,Guildford,UK JonM.Kleinberg CornellUniversity,Ithaca,NY,USA AlfredKobsa UniversityofCalifornia,Irvine,CA,USA FriedemannMattern ETHZurich,Switzerland JohnC.Mitchell StanfordUniversity,CA,USA MoniNaor WeizmannInstituteofScience,Rehovot,Israel OscarNierstrasz UniversityofBern,Switzerland C.PanduRangan IndianInstituteofTechnology,Madras,India BernhardSteffen TUDortmundUniversity,Germany MadhuSudan MicrosoftResearch,Cambridge,MA,USA DemetriTerzopoulos UniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,CA,USA DougTygar UniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,CA,USA GerhardWeikum MaxPlanckInstituteforInformatics,Saarbruecken,Germany Mohamed Kamel Aurélio Campilho (Eds.) Image Analysis and Recognition 8th International Conference, ICIAR 2011 Burnaby, BC, Canada, June 22-24, 2011 Proceedings, Part II 1 3 VolumeEditors MohamedKamel UniversityofWaterloo DepartmentofElectricalandComputerEngineering Waterloo,ON,N2L3G1,Canada E-mail:[email protected] AurélioCampilho UniversityofPorto FacultyofEngineering InstituteofBiomedicalEngineering RuaDr.RobertoFrias 4200-465Porto,Portugal E-mail:[email protected] ISSN0302-9743 e-ISSN1611-3349 ISBN978-3-642-21595-7 e-ISBN978-3-642-21596-4 DOI10.1007/978-3-642-21596-4 SpringerHeidelbergDordrechtLondonNewYork LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2011928908 CRSubjectClassification(1998):I.4,I.5,I.2.10,I.2,I.3.5,F.2.2 LNCSSublibrary:SL6–ImageProcessing,ComputerVision,PatternRecognition, andGraphics ©Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2011 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.Allrightsarereserved,whetherthewholeorpartofthematerialis concerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,re-useofillustrations,recitation,broadcasting, reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherway,andstorageindatabanks.Duplicationofthispublication orpartsthereofispermittedonlyundertheprovisionsoftheGermanCopyrightLawofSeptember9,1965, initscurrentversion,andpermissionforusemustalwaysbeobtainedfromSpringer.Violationsareliable toprosecutionundertheGermanCopyrightLaw. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,etc.inthispublicationdoesnotimply, evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevantprotectivelaws andregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Typesetting:Camera-readybyauthor,dataconversionbyScientificPublishingServices,Chennai,India Printedonacid-freepaper SpringerispartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia(www.springer.com) Preface ThisisoneoftwovolumesthatcontainpapersacceptedforICIAR2011,theIn- ternationalConferenceonImageAnalysisandRecognition,heldatSimonFraser University,Burnaby,BC,Canada,June22–24,2011.Thiswastheeighthedition intheICIARseriesofannualconferencesalternatingbetweenEuropeandNorth America.Theideaoforganizingtheseconferenceswastofostercollaborationand exchangebetweenresearchersandscientistsinthebroadfieldsofimageanalysis andpatternrecognition,addressingrecentadvancesintheory,methodologyand applications. ICIAR was organized at the same time with AIS 2011, the Inter- national Conference on Autonomous and Intelligent Systems. Both conferences were organized by AIMI – Association for Image and Machine Intelligence—a not-for-profitorganizationregistered in Ontario, Canada. For ICIAR 2011, we received a total of 147 full papers from 37 countries. The reviewprocesswascarriedoutbymembers ofthe ProgramCommittee and otherreviewers;allareexpertsinvariousimageanalysisandpatternrecognition areas. Each paper was reviewed by at least two reviewers and checked by the Conference Chairs.A totalof 84 papers were finally acceptedand appearin the two volumes of these proceedings. The high quality of the papers is attributed first to the authors, and second to the quality of the reviews provided by the experts.We wouldlike tosincerelythankthe authorsforrespondingtoourcall, and to thank the reviewers for their careful evaluation and feedback provided to the authors. It is this collective effort that resulted in the strong conference programand high-quality proceedings. This year ICIAR had a competition on“Hand Geometric Points Detection,” which attracted the attention of participants. Wewereverypleasedtobeabletoincludeintheconferenceprogramkeynote talksbywell-knownexperts:ToshioFukuda,NagoyaUniversity,Japan;William A. Gruver, Simon Fraser University, Canada; Ze-Nian Li, Simon Fraser Univer- sity, Canada; Andrew Sixsmith, Simon Fraser University, Canada; and Patrick Wang, Northeastern University Boston, USA. We would like to express our sin- ceregratitudeto thekeynotespeakersforacceptingourinvitationtosharetheir vision and recent advances in their specialized areas. Specialthanks arealso due to Jie Liang,Chairof the localOrganizingCom- mittee,andmembersofthecommitteefortheiradviceandhelp.Wearethankful for the support and facilities provided by Simon Fraser University. We are also gratefulto Springer’seditorialstafffor supporting this publicationin the LNCS series. WewouldliketothankKhaledHammouda,thewebmasteroftheconference, for maintaining the Web pages, interacting with the authors and preparing the proceedings. VI Preface Finally,wewereverypleasedto welcomeallthe participantstoICIAR 2011. For those who did not attend, we hope this publication provides a good view of the researchpresentedatthe conference,andwe lookforwardto meetingyouat the next ICIAR conference. June 2011 Mohamed Kamel Aur´elio Campilho ICIAR 2011 – International Conference on Image Analysis and Recognition General Chair General Co-chair Mohamed Kamel Aur´elio Campilho University of Waterloo, Canada University of Porto, Portugal [email protected] [email protected] Local Organizing Committee Jie Liang (Chair) Carlo Menon Simon Fraser University Simon Fraser University Canada Canada Faisal Beg Jian Pei Simon Fraser University Simon Fraser University Canada Canada Ivan Bajic Simon Fraser University Canada Conference Secretary Cathie Lowell Toronto, Ontario,Canada [email protected] Webmaster Khaled Hammouda Waterloo, Ontario, Canada [email protected] VIII ICIAR 2011 –International Conference on Image Analysisand Recognition Supported by AIMI– Association for Image and MachineIntelligence PAMI–PatternAnalysisandMachine IntelligenceGroup Universityof Waterloo Canada Departmentof Electrical and ComputerEngineering Facultyof Engineering Universityof Porto Portugal INEB – Instituto de Engenharia Biom´edica Portugal Advisory Committee M. Ahmadi University of Windsor, Canada P. Bhattacharya Concordia University, Canada T.D. Bui Concordia University, Canada M. Cheriet University of Quebec, Canada E. Dubois University of Ottawa, Canada Z. Duric George Mason University, USA G. Granlund Link¨oping University, Sweden L. Guan Ryerson University, Canada M. Haindl Institute of Information Theory and Automation, Czech Republic E. Hancock The University of York, UK J. Kovacevic Carnegie Mellon University, USA M. Kunt Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Switzerland J. Padilha University of Porto, Portugal K.N. Plataniotis University of Toronto, Canada A. Sanfeliu Technical University of Catalonia, Spain M. Shah University of Central Florida, USA M. Sid-Ahmed University of Windsor, Canada C.Y. Suen Concordia University, Canada A.N. Venetsanopoulos University of Toronto, Canada M. Viergever University of Utrecht, The Netherlands ICIAR2011 – InternationalConference on Image Analysis and Recognition IX B. Vijayakumar Carnegie Mellon University, USA J. Villanueva Autonomous University of Barcelona,Spain R. Ward University of British Columbia, Canada D. Zhang The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Program Committee A. Abate University of Salerno, Italy P. Aguiar Institute for Systems and Robotics, Portugal M. Ahmed Wilfrid Laurier University, Canada J. Alirezaie Ryerson University, Canada H. Arau´jo University of Coimbra, Portugal N. Arica Turkish Naval Academy, Turkey I. Bajic Simon Fraser University, Canada J. Barbosa University of Porto, Portugal J. Barron University of Western Ontario,Canada J. Batista University of Coimbra, Portugal C. Bauckhage York University, Canada G. Bilodeau E´cole Polytechnique de Montr´eal, Canada J. Bioucas Technical University of Lisbon, Portugal B. Boufama University of Windsor, Canada T.D. Bui Concordia University, Canada X. Cao Beihang University, China J. Cardoso University of Porto, Portugal E. Cernadas University of Vigo, Spain M. Cheriet University of Quebec, Canada M. Coimbra University of Porto, Portugal M. Correia University of Porto, Portugal L. Corte-Real University of Porto, Portugal J. Costeira Technical University of Lisbon, Portugal A. Dawoud University of South Alabama, USA M. De Gregorio Istituto di Cibernetica“E. Caianiello”- CNR, Italy J. Dias University of Coimbra, Portugal Z. Duric George Mason University, USA N. El Gayar Nile University, Egypt M. El-Sakka University of Western Ontario,Canada D. ElShafie McGill University, Canada M. Figueiredo Technical University of Lisbon, Portugal G. Freeman University of Waterloo, Canada L. Guan Ryerson University, Canada F. Guibault E´cole Polytechnique de Montr´eal, Canada M. Haindl Institute of Information Theory and Automation, Czech Republic E. Hancock University of York, UK C. Hong Hong Kong Polytechnic, Hong Kong K. Huang Chinese Academy of Sciences, China