Illustrated Dictionary of Immunology, Second Edition PDF
Preview Illustrated Dictionary of Immunology, Second Edition
ILLUSTRATED DICTIONARY of immunology Second Edition ILLUSTRATED DICTIONARY of immunology S e c o n d E d i t i o n Julius M. Cruse, B.A., B.S., D.Med.Sc., M.D., Ph.D., Dr. h.c., F.A.A.M., F.R.S.H., F.R.S.M. Professor of Pathology Director of Immunopathology and Transplantation Immunology Director of Graduate Studies in Pathology Department of Pathology Associate Professor of Medicine and Associate Professor of Microbiology University of Mississippi Medical Center Investigator of the Wilson Research Foundation Mississippi Methodist Rehabilitation Center Jackson, Mississippi Robert E. Lewis, B.S., M.S., Ph.D., F.R.S.H., F.R.S.M. Professor of Pathology Director of Immunopathology and Transplantation Immunology Department of Pathology University of Mississippi Medical Center Investigator of the Wilson Research Foundation Mississippi Methodist Rehabilitation Center Jackson, Mississippi CRC PR ESS Boca Raton London New York Washington, D.C. 1935-FM-Frame Page 2 Thursday, May 2, 2002 2:32 PM Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Cruse, Julius M., 1937– Illustrated dictionary of immunology / Julius M. Cruse, Robert E. Lewis.— 2nd ed. p. ; cm. ISBN 0-8493-1935-8 (alk. paper) 1. Immunology—Dictionaries. I. Lewis, R. E. (Robert Edwin), 1947– II. Title. [DNLM: 1. Allergy and Immunology—Dictionary—English. QW 513 C957i 2002] QR180.4 C78 2002 616.07′9′03—dc21 2002019240 This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reprinted material is quoted with permission, and sources are indicated. A wide variety of references are listed. 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Visit the CRC Press Web site at www.crcpress.com © 2003 by CRC Press LLC No claim to original U.S. Government works International Standard Book Number 0-8493-1935-8 Library of Congress Card Number 2002019240 Printed in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 Printed on acid-free paper 1935-FM-Frame Page 3 Thursday, May 2, 2002 2:32 PM Dedication Professor Marcus Eugene Morrison, M.D. (September 6, 1910–August 10, 2001) Former Chairman, Department of Bacteriology, University of Mississippi School of Medicine Master teacher and visionary who correctly foretold, in the 1940s, the future renaissance in immunological research and challenged several generations of students to unravel some of Nature’s most jealously guarded secrets through scientific investigation. 1935-FM-Frame Page 4 Thursday, May 2, 2002 2:32 PM Editorial Staff Smaroula Dilioglou, B.S., M.S. Jean B. Henderson, B.A. Senior Coordinating Editor Principal Graphics Illustrator and Compositor Robert Morrison III, B.S. Coordinating Editor Michael Schenk, B.S., M.S.M.I. Silicon Graphics Molecular Models Director of Medical Illustration University of Mississippi Medical Center Christopher Sylvest, B.S., M.T. (ASCP) Coordinating Editor Michael Pang, B.S., M.D. G. Reid Bishop, B.S., Ph.D. Illustrator Assistant Professor of Chemistry Milsaps College C. Courtney Covington, B.F.A. Silicon Graphics Molecular Models Illustrator and Illustrator Debra Small, B.S. Ricky Manning, B.A. Principal Transcriptionist Illustrator Editorial Assistant Alice S. Chen, B.A., M.Sc. (Oxon) Tiffany Robinson Illustrator Patrice Jones Faith Johnson Haley Long Diane F. Johnson, B.F.A. Editorial Assistants Illustrator CRC Press Editorial Staff Fequiere Vilsaint Editor Amy Rodriguez Project Editor Pat Roberson Production Manager Jonathan Pennell Art Director Will Palmer Prepress Manager 1935-FM-Frame Page 5 Thursday, May 2, 2002 2:32 PM The Authors Julius M. Cruse, B.A., B.S., D.Med.Sc., M.D., Ph.D., Dr. h.c., is Professor of Pathology, Director of Immunopathology and Transplantation Immunology, Director of Graduate Studies in Pathology, Associate Professor of Medicine, and Associate Professor of Microbiology at the University of Mississippi Medical Center in Jackson. Formerly, Dr. Cruse was Professor of Immunology and of Biology in the University of Mississippi Graduate School. Dr. Cruse graduated in 1958 with his B.A. and B.S. degrees in Chemistry from the University of Mississippi. He was a Fulbright Fellow at the University of Graz (Austria) Medical Faculty, where he wrote a thesis on Russian tickborne encephalitis virus and received the D.Med.Sc. degree summa cum laude in 1960. On his return to the United States, he entered the M.D., Ph.D. program at the University of Tennessee College of Medicine, Memphis, completing his M.D. degree in 1964 and Ph.D. in Pathology (immunopathology) in 1966. Dr. Cruse also trained in Pathology at the University of Tennessee Center for the Health Sciences, Memphis. Dr. Cruse is a member of numerous professional societies, including the American Association of Immunologists (Historian), the American Society for Investigative Pathology, the American Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics (Member of Council, 1997–1999; formerly Chairman, Publications Committee [1987–1995]), the Societé Francaise d’Immunologie, the Trans- plantation Society, and the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine, among many others. He is a Fellow of the American Academy of Microbiology, a Fellow of the Royal Society of Health (U.K.) and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Medicine (London). He received the Doctor of Divinity, honoris causa, in 1999 from The General Theological Seminary of the Episcopal Church, New York City. Dr. Cruse’s research has centered on transplantation and tumor immunology, autoimmunity, MHC genetics in the pathogenesis of AIDS, and neuroendocrine immune interactions. He has received many research grants during his career and is presently funded by the Wilson Research Foundation for neuroendocrine–immune system interactions in patients with spinal cord injuries. He is the author of more than 250 publications in scholarly journals and 38 books and has directed dissertation and thesis research for more than 40 graduate students during his career. He is editor-in-chief of the international journals Immunologic Research, Experimental and Molecular Pathology, and Transgenics. He was chief editor of the journal Pathobiology from 1982 to 1998 and was founder of Immunologic Research, Transgenics, and Pathobiology. Robert E. Lewis, B.A., M.S., Ph.D., is Professor of Pathology and Director of Immunopathology and Transplantation Immunology in the Department of Pathology at the University of Mississippi Center in Jackson. Dr. Lewis received his B.A. and M.S. degrees in Microbiology from the University of Mississippi and earned his Ph.D. in Pathology (Immunopathology) from the University of Mississippi Medical Center. Following specialty postdoctoral training at several medical institutions, Dr. Lewis has risen through the academic ranks from Instructor to Professor at the University of Mississippi Medical Center. Dr. Lewis is a member of numerous professional societies, including the American Association of Immunologists, the American Society for Investigative Pathology, the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine, the American Society for Microbiology, the Canadian Society for Immunology, and the American Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics (Chairman, Publications Committee), among numerous others. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Health of Great Britain and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Medicine (U.K.). Dr. Lewis has been the recipient of a number of research grants in his career and is currently funded by the Wilson Research Foundation for his research on neuroendocrine–immune system interaction in patients with spinal cord injuries. Dr. Lewis has authored or coauthored more than 120 papers and 150 abstracts and has made numerous scientific presentations at both the national and international levels. In addition to neuroendocrine–immune interactions, his current research also includes immunogenetic aspects of AIDS progression. Dr. Lewis is a founder, senior editor, and deputy editor in chief of Immunologic Research and Transgenics and is senior editor and deputy editor-in-chief of Experimental and Molecular Pathology. He was senior editor and deputy editor-in-chief of Pathobiology from 1982 to 1998. 1935-FM-Frame Page 6 Thursday, May 2, 2002 2:32 PM 1935-FM-Frame Page 7 Thursday, May 2, 2002 2:32 PM Preface The splendid reception of the first edition of this book in 1995 convinced both the authors and the publisher to prepare a second edition. The seven years since this dictionary first appeared have witnessed an exponential increase in immunological information emanating from more than 130 journals devoted to the subject. The Journal of Immunology is published twice monthly in an effort to accommodate an ever-increasing demand for immunological information among researchers spanning all fields of biomedicine. Besides the unprecedented advances in knowledge of cell receptors and signal transduction pathways, an avalanche of new information has been gleaned from contemporary research concerning cytokines and chemokines, with special reference to their structure and function. This edition has not only been thoroughly updated but also contains multiple new entries representing comparative immunology and immunity to infectious diseases, as well as expansion of definitions in all of the immunological subspecialties. Thus, the reader is provided in a single volume with information that would otherwise require an entire library of books on immunology to decipher. Some definitions are brief and others are more extensive, but all are concise and provide a thorough understanding of basic immunological concepts that often intersect the purview of other basic and clinical scientific disciplines. This book is designed to provide the most up-to-date and thorough vocabulary of immunological terms available in the complex science of immunology. It contains approximately 1200 illustrations that depict essentially every concept of importance in understanding the subject matter of immunology. From the beginning, immunologists have maintained a unique nomenclature that has often mystified and even baffled their colleagues in other fields, causing them to liken immunology to a “black box.” This book is designed to offer immunologists and nonimmunologists alike, including students, researchers, practitioners, and basic biomedical scientists, a resource for many of the basic terms encountered in contemporary immunological literature. Simple illustrations clarify the explanations and enhance the terms or concepts described. A host of new illustrations, such as cellular adhesion molecules, is presented in a manner that facilitates better understanding of their role in intercellular and immune reactions. Illustrated definitions that are pertinent to all of the immunological subspecialties, such as transplantation, autoimmunity, immunophysiology, immunopathology, antigen presentation, and T and B cell receptors, to name a few, may be found in this dictionary. Those individuals with a need for convenient access to a concise definition and a visual image of immunological concepts will want this book to be readily available in their bookshelves. No other book provides in one place the breadth or detail of illustrated immunological concepts as may be found in this second edition of the Illustrated Dictionary of Immunology. The subject matter ranges from molecular structures of recently characterized receptors and cytokines to major histocompatibility complex molecules, immunoglobulins, comparative immunology, and immunopathology, to name just a few of the categories. Some of the diagrams illustrate basic concepts, whereas others are designed for the specialist interested in a more detailed treatment of the subject matter of immunology. The eclectic science of immunology intersects essentially all basic biomedical and clinical sciences. If immunology becomes meaningful and demystified to the reader, the effort in preparing a second edition of this book will have been well spent.
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