Il manicheismo. Antologia dei testi

395 Pages·2000·6.003 MB·Italian

by  Aldo Magris (editor)

ILM ANICHEISMO
Antolodgeitiae sti
a cduirA al dMoa gris
MORCELLIANA
© 200E0d itMriocrec elliana
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INTRODUZIONE
l.M ani
Lav ietl ao' pera dsiis vMoalngiion1n couo nn tgeesotpoo litico
es torico-fcruiapl itiùune rtraelsesn aenlstltiao drelilam' anuità,
l'earac omprferlsaaaS irli'aA,n aetl oI'lraidnaas emrpec rocevia
natudreacllo ern ofnftroOa r ieenO tcec ideedni tne ,pu enr iodo
comqeu eltlaor doanneqtlui aclolas e p ienstpaa ndselielvl'al eni­
smos eguita aldliaA lecsosnaoqn Mduarigsnctooa m incaida va
esarusraiin,t itcrdhaiez ioorniie rnitparlein dveivgaoenrc oeo nsa­
pevoldeisz éze,adu nf neomernaoid calmneunotvceoo miecl r i­
stianeemseirmgose evpmarp ei cùo lnas uean orme cdaidp iafc­ità
fsuioend eii ncidseonczieaac luel tuIrnua nlm eo.m ensttoo rico
tanptroe gnMaanntcier edferetmtaem ecnhtgeel fiso se asftfia­to
datoc oimlp- iltamo i ss-iodtnire o vuanrsaei nstuepseir dieolrlee
diveirssteac nhzaeeg italvasa uneaop ocdair, ca cogel airemro­
nicamienun nti'es titrueizlgiioaonltse ea m spot ersisgoo rosamente
inetgraetdea s tremadmuetntetai epl eerts ail ae' reditmào nddoe l
anticop rsoisap eltett eimvnpeui o ddveiioi ,fr f ilr'eu ldteifimnai,­
tirviav elaatz uitogtnluieio mipnair lalnodrnooe l li ngudaig gio
tutlteper incciipvàadi leltilte mpQou.e sftulo os cocphoe m ainli ­
cheissims of ordzirò a ggiuinnug ne'roepd eurraao tlat re un mil­
lenniinuo n os pazgieoo greafisctoed saol l'Eeud raolplra'i Acfa
1« Maneirla»' abbrdeuivi nna ozmpieilo ùun necg ooms,edi e sudmaelv lera­
siognreeM canai chmiiaile o'st,i monloèond g etiluacu hoi arai,fl la slcaohls evi o
trattdauiv nna o mieln i nagruaame an ioicnra a Sneiccoaun.ndr aoe ceinpottee si
dJi.T ubaicnlho ,m e coMmaplnseiat roes btdbacieto os tdiamat nau'i,«t Voa so»
(nseeln dsi«o r eciop« iriecnetuead»ce olsllpooid» ri ivteiok n hoa)s« any,a sco­
stoS»ec. iè òv ereos,s o aavvruuetnbonab o et esvoomlieg cloiqnau nedzleall o
Fondatosreeli lcndau ce irl eldbaabb ea mbEilncoa(,sE Ie·oK h«aIslay ,D io na­
scostoi»nf,rae )p v eendaMina tnpoio traevbebrirecl eov uatlonl aans omcnai ta
soilsnoe gaulisltueaoan tnreacllolarna taf ernsietcao,un nad'notu iscaacn hzfeau
poim aenntuntealC hliame asnai ecc hhpeeea r asloatpvrrvoai nvcenh eegO lridi ni
religiCohsiciea stdate ollliac a.
8 AdloM agris
settentfirniaool Cnliaanl eaec . h ael filnase ii nfraac nasuefs roas e
dellai nscuaap- adcari etlài gainotniem oqnudaalnea- deitr rao ­
vareu n rapcpoorsrtutttoid vuor evcoollnee e sigednezgaels is etti
socieap loil ietsiicsitc eonsctahi ie,vn ecrei umsoclìbt eon ael le
dureei lgicoonnic orircler nintseitis:im eao( ptiaùdr it)• Islam.
Itle aitncru os isi v ollassu eva i cenda uimslae ngau eenrtae . Nel
cordseoIl Is ecoloi plao .pCo.l oP adrtpier,io veend iaeIlnrlta'n
settentrieorrinaua slceai,i t maopd rondiitr ustlit' oa ltopiano iranico
ed elMleas opotsatmriaap pqanudetose trir aii rtemo aric edsounci­
cessdoiSr eil eiuglce on,e driaA llee ssaCnodmrceoa .p idteall el o­
ror egins oo vrpaarntiia cvie vsacneoll apt roi ncciitptàea lllee nisti­
cad iq ueclhlceah iamavlaapn roo vidnic i'iaAa se'cs .ii orSèe leu­
cia Tsiug(lru inv ae ntdiicn haim leotars iu dde altlt'uBaaglhed ad)
ancpheeir dn icaruenf aa ovrevdoilsep osniezciio ornnofend teil la
popoladzili ionngeec u uaul rtgar esctaa nzniepalat ea;:s elrae si­
denza reanloesn it t ruotvdtaeavnvatiS rae ol euscuilravli.aad estra
defilu meb,e nssuìl rliav a onpeplolslotaca a,cl himitaaàtC at esi­
fnotec.hb ee pnr esdtiov eanlnter evtatsaetnr ati ocd ceal la città
gemeNlelflaar .t teqmupeocl h e redsetla vrsaee glneouf cuii nd-e
,c orpodraaR toom ae.i nt amlo dvoe nanc er earssii tuunaaz ione
desttiad nuaaar rfien oal cloan quairsatmbauo s-mualnnae VlI sIe ­
colcohv ee dedvuage r anpdoit emnozned ila'lIeimr,rpo o maeni ol
RegnoP adrtediii, ve irdlsiap artpei pùr ospdeemrloa n daon tico
lunugno cocnofirrnies popnrdeesnstaeap q puoeclaolt ot ufarlae
lr'aIqd,a u nl ateol a,T urclhiaSa i.re il aaG iorddaarniialrato,I.
rappforrtiaid uset artiim asseepmr cea rattedraiclzo zntafloti,ot
lateong tuee rregngoinaaontstcoteh, ie n d efiniltaaifiveacs u ltu­
c
radlaee ntrailm abdtiei cl o nfifnsoesa eb bastsainmz(iagls letri a ti
elevdaetlisl oac ietà partfiortceam eenertlaelzn ezona eit nie lle
provinced eoirrieiermnropto amlalinap o o polaezrisaoe nmei tica
ep arlaanrtaem aciocmone e llss"iArpiartai'ce an )o,n toasnctie
fsospeu rlen' tieraeg sessetd iicr oem uancec olrad og raratnedrei a
commercchileae lgeai vla Meerrdainateteors trOermioe lnat ec.o ­
sidd'eVtidtaea l sleaat' .
Mannia cqnuee2l 1 d6. Ci.n suonb bodriCg toe osnitdfeau na
fmaigldeilanl oab iplarttàic chase ie rrae centetmreeanrstifdeta a
Ecbat(aHnaama and)pr,oa bbmielnpteesr o ggieon rnearlvliec inan­
zed elCloart See.n nonchpéir mpcaoh vceeo n iaslms oen diosl u o
destfiudn eot ermdiaen vaetdnoitn ia trueral igSiuoposa adP.ra et ­
tic(iPoa tteebgb)i ena ftutnie' spermiiesntz(iauc nvaao cmei esrtio-
Inturzoidone 9
sal oa vreibnbaveti aotda stendearlslia carne, dsaels svoi)n o e dal
ins eguitqou adalelecl idasi ae b bandloans auerase i stdeiarn iz­a
stocrea ctiui lcdotal i u i prfiantaoqi uceamlto im enpteocr o vner­
tiraslfilde ae e scludsiui nvcaao munrietlài giinossteaadn sieial la
zonmae rididoenplaa leesl eaM, e se(nMea hiasnf)r,la ' doierna
cittBàas sdoierl aaf o cdeeT li grdie Eleulr f'taeC.o leàg sliriec ò
anzitavu itvtdeoar s eo leodi ns eguqiutaon,idfi log leibobc eo m­
piuqtuaot tanrnoio ,r dicnhòve e nicsosned odtalt uoii nu nod ei
villaabgigtia tcio rndafatlelarnail stlaco o dpiof r alcor escere con
séD.e lla dmiMa adnrpieo coon ulla seadap npciihaslemu ono o ­
meè i ncedrtioffi:c einltlmie'ne flibcaem blian'vorp àir ùi vista.
Le'piscoidd iioct eu ttcao mlpal edseslsilitatà u azrieolnieg iosa
demle dOiroi efnrtiael e i IIlII sIe colod edlq.luCaa. pl,ee r altro
possifamariocu nraa pepsrentaezsieoamnrpgeelr aziaelr liec erche
storico-arcehseeoglsuouigltrileoce vh iedn iPe a lmnierdlae, s erto
siriaend oiD, u ra EsuurEloulprf'oae t,lag rancdietg tiàu aslct oon ­
finter laA" ssiprairate'i cSlaia r ia Irnoq muaensvata.asa trae a et­
nicameel nitnegi uciasmteonmtoeg esniae sas istecvomap rea­lla
sendzeal pliedùv i erfsroem de ir eligCi'eornaean.no z iticu utlttoi
delalnet ichdiisvsiisnmioie-rt màe sopoctoammeic AhBteear lg,a ­
tiNsa,n aNiaab,ou r,m aamip iamente imnto emdriinefiilc latein i­
stiecc oin supniac ccoantnao taasztiroon(leuo ngdoiiqc uae ssatrià
stasteog uiPtaot tdpiarc iidmoea l cloan ver2;s ieoasdns seii)a g­
giungelvara enloi gniaoznieoi nraalnfeino cdaad taZa a ruastth(rial
mazdeiozs omroo astlrepi isrùme oc)er3nei tlgii doisn ail vgerzez­a
coo rieinq,tu aiiln p articroelq aueldlia t MriaL4aM• e sopotamia
ospitianrvoealu tnfiao renctoem uneibtràar iicsaa lalel'nsEtiel io
babilonneelqslueaa,g l iesà if ca evsae net( imra anD ounr Eau ro­
pol)' iennflzduae ilmlp'ostraazbiboinnei cac'r.i sAtnicahnee siilm o
avedvaat emfptaot loas ucào maprscao stitnuuemnedrcooo smeu ­
niitrràa diatCeh idemasaladl draeiE des(soagU gifia )c,h seri ia -f
2Q uesatlicl ureslidol aniuo e stati al saDi utruaaa C zEtiueoorsnnoitepfe o , e
doveesvsaae nraels oig ravi:.g uairial sr audtdloiet gslciaEx vciav:a taitDo onus­
raE urop(oacs u driaM .Rlo.s toevA tAz.ve)of,Vfl V- .I INIe,wH av1e9n3 3-
1936.
3C fGr.W. i denDgirReee lni,g liaronnsSe,tn oc1c9a6r5d. a
4C fRr.M. e rkeMlibtahicrSlhai ,,g ndoerlegl oret (t1e9 8G4e),n o19v8a8 .
'
CfJrN..e usHniesrtoo,ftry h Jee wisn BoanbiyLale,i 5dv ao,li ipn.a rt,i colare
sunlo satrrgoo mveonlltT,.hoe P arthPiearni1 o9d6,29 .;T heE arSlays anian
Peri1o9d6,36 .F; r oSmh paulr TSh poau Ilr,1 968.
IO AldMoagris
cevaal filgau re adpeogsGltiioca loime oT ommasMoa6 •f rgai ui­l
daisrmaoib nbiec iolc ristiapnieoù sm iemnooort ododseslol e
chiseiscrehi eeas isutnev variae gpaatnoo rdamisa e tgtreu,p pusco­
li',ci hesees 'c udoilp ee nsciheaert ot ingaedev laenmode netlil 'u­
noe d ealllt'croom binainnfd oormloei r igiinclao lmiipc:la mtoon ­
dod ell'esoteed rieslmloa Vgien roasqniuo.i nisd eig uaMcari­ di
cioncehe, rifiDuitoca rveaa tigolri eu ddieec lel 'ATnetsitcao­
menetg ol i contrDaipdop' oanmeaovnrane u itnlodc aiG aesCùr i­
stio ; segduiVa aclie nptriinnoc,ei sppaolnede enltgleno o sticismo
cristiis aenguoda;iBc arid esdaiEn dee ssa cocno nlcae zisounae
plaztzoannditecelr istiaSneemspiirnmMe oe .s opotamlioa­ erano
caliizgzlra utpigp noo sdteiSice ot ilaanc Fu,i cosbmaoslaotgai a
sulmleas coldain zlatu ecnee èbe r meo slitmoai q luee clhlseaa rà
propdreimlaa nicheeid sePmieo r,ac thice,o ngiunigle vamneos­
saggciroi stdiisa anlov eczoznda o ttarsitnorego ilceht eri azdioni
mitolopgaigcahnIeen 8fi•cne e'r adnvioe rcsoem unitoàc rgii­ude
stianep,u rri cchoen oslcafe nunzdioop nreeo tfiecs aa lvidifi ca
Crismtaon teneavnacnhoe certe osLseegrgeveba rnaziec ad9e•l la
Una qduie sutlet eirmae appsuentattloaql uala aPl aet taivceivoa
aderito.
Iclo digcreec coos idddiCe otltoon ia rescceonptecerthmoee, n te
contpiaerndteee l l'autdoibMi aonghira,pa efirmae sdsiio d entifi­
carlsae nazlac duunb bciooqn u edlelga'l eil c'ab.se annio ttsiai a ai
Paddreil la cChhseiio e cscau paron'oe rdee(tglilpcipi o'Ol riit­o,
genEep,ai nifas)i,aa l sltoo raircaolb boan n -Nma,ad uitonreXel
secodilu on« Catal(oFgioh»rdi esletlr)ee 1 s•0Li ase etftaeacv raie ­f
rimeanu tno cEelrctao(s Eehloac soaE il xiac,h peo trevboblee r di­
re' IDli noa scoo'os 'tLPao tennazsac ousntv ai'sn)ia,ro eibor eo
vissiunttooa rnl'onla n1o 00d .nCe.l Mleas opotpaamrtiiIacgl ai .u ­
daisdmiqo u ell'eerdpaio vcfair slaoal indeeal lao spsuerrav anza
delLleag gseo stenuta rdaaiblbn inosa lmseesc uegngtees ptiiùo ni
6C fr.D rHi.jCJvu.ela rtnssBd ,e lf sia etEd essLae,i 1d89a0 .
7l ppoVl,1i- 9t2o1,.
8
lppoVl,1i -2t1.o'7 e,Pr adteirp'ir veas muemnidtbaPei e lrlaatf ,rmoas emiti­
cad enlo m'eEr ua'ft.e
9P eurn par esendti'anzsiidoeenmlgeeln oo steid ceilssluameero de siev ilup­
pori mnado maillobi rLao l ogdiecplae nsigenroos tBirceos1,9c 97i.a
1°C fGr..LP u.t tikThheRu eivzeelonaftE, il hocans Taiu,b i1n89g5eap eurn a
presenptieaùzq iuboirnlaSeti.L ai eMaun,i chaieni sLatmth eeRr o maEnm pire
and MedCiheivnTaaul,b i1n99g2pa,p3 .6 -44.
Intrzoidoune 11
arcaichel edtetlealrpaao tcuarlaii npt arttiicacoraqle,u ellelagata al
Libdrio oEc(n IV-sIeIacI.. C c.o)ln,e s uvei sieosncioa tgoilceh e
les uceo strumziitoonliop goircthaaelt,tla ea o lsopgeicau lea tiva
alplraa tdiecelasl o'it sem11roE•l cassceeoql usees ta ssterceao dnad a
ade sscao ngiaunncsuhene ca e ratdae siocnrei seatslii amdnoo,po
chgel sia reabpbpear lsafia g udriaC risitnfo o rma adnig eglio­
gantesscinogo rdeee mlo ndo (ctoemmunae c oanlcleezg iioun­i
deocrinseat)ci caompadganla'ltSoopi tiiornf' ro mdai p ersonaggio
fmeminisluseao, r eels lpao12 sd:a al oreog alvir erbibcee uvnu to
'Libdriro i'v elcazhifeonu ngie dvaaS acSrcari tdteurlsalu aca o ­
munitàp.o csBoae pnp iianrm eoa dletldàlo at terlicnaasV aiei rtaa .
certameinrlti efi udteploo liteel iacs rmeod enuznDa i uoin ni co,
assaomleuntttrea scernidsepnaetq teut eosm toon do dtoodm ai na
poteinnezfrei poirioù m ennoe ga1t3IiD•lvi enoa scsoris itvoe al ava
pochi eletutnii' memmaagdniisan éne d oo' Puonta'e i,nCl zr aisto,
chaes uvao lpteatr r asmeutnmt eesrsea dgisg ailov seiz'r ztaav a­
saviand' i evrs'ic onotr'esi ntiot14rc iocsitidtaAu diatmeios ufio­
gliod aSE entod,ca ,i gprraonfbdeiitb ild iaGc eise,ùi nfidnaeE l ­
cassetoe scshaoep, p upnetqrou esdteove es seprrseis ecnotna tuon
tanlo mSeu.l pdiealpnlroaa esd seicl u lgtleoil casaiti conservava­
noa lcupnree screibzriaoincih ees e(mppleiacro i rconcisione)
mentnrere i fiutaalvtasrneceo o rndatdiceavia nloo ro( pperri ncìpi
esemips iaoc reii ficlco in sudmiao l imcearnnetiei,s segnldeiol ca­
saivteig etariilra intfionoud )a;m enctoanslsteie nveabl a ttesimo
puritfiocreare i genecrhavete onripevr,aa tipciaùt ova olg litoern o
sisau lpleer sonseu goslgiiga ee t tsciui ibQ iu.e sutlitd iomvie vano
poeiss errei gorosparmeepnatere ca otnis uamllai'tnit edrneol la
comuànp ieetrvt iacroe ntamicnoamlzo inodenosi t e1rn6So•o tutno
11S ugli udadiis emeloll àe vnP.i.S s atciIlcc ghaii u,d adiesSlme oc onTdeom ­
piTo,o r1i9n95o.
1I2p poIlX1i,.t3 3Eo;p,i ifa1a,.9n 35-.341; .
1E3r aanl oo vrool cthai a'maaent'lgioi, v viadmiesnttienf grauane gnedloi
'bnuiov'i,ca Di ineoia , n g'emlail ivnacgaidri'ec laltoain d egem elos ntedid oe lla
stocrifaIr,p. p oIlX1i,.6t .4o ,
14I ppoIlXi1,t41 o.E;,p if3a.0n15i;a31., .I l t«etrmrian(vega mrse.ot »ai n­g
smòssa)u rsàaa tnocd haedl oltat mriannaid cehrleelaia n camazione.
u Cf.Er pif1a.9ne3i5 o3,. 2
16P robabeisslitmeevnnaetnlteola ar da farnlatPa ia clheeisl ttMaàie ,ns ao po­
tampiaarc,eh scieetd tibe a tgtiiusdteioc riunsèat t iuatnptiro:er sane enIltrlea' q
merideidèoq nuaeldleel' iaM aenisd'uc, uc if Er.L. u pil Mearin,d egilu,il timi
gnostBirceis1,c9 9i3Lea. p, r atiche( bdaetite te masaabinmlumdei oen itp arrie)-