IDOC--North America, Inc. I.45 East 49th Street New York, NY 10097 USA Paper copies are $ 5.95

320 Pages·1999·11.01 MB·English

A project of Volunteers in Asia
yb : Denis Goulet
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htroN-- C,OaDcIiremA.cnI
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:;iiis ,&.&+.,..i,,r?ii; ta ;& if;$.rj ‘,ys;!,J? Is
jsct&~l de;eigp:f;er:I:j C:c;! te+i~!:~g+; &
:,/~ r
!,c!r,jtei;.& frcm one ciji!l::L::! setting to onoi;ier ifi Mays which are more tennficini
tkn ciestruci;ue? And iholh. do policies for becoming technoiogicaily “motie:n” :ela;e
to brooder development goals in diverse notions’?
The ye q~!es?io~s lie it the heart of This pcwerful an d origina! book by Denis GOL:!E
en!. Goutet peeis away the mystique surrourding
modern technology to lay bare its b&c dynamism and its deal nature as sim#!tam~ous
bearer ad ~deslioyer oi v&es. His concern /s ihat societies--“,s\ielisi:?d 0s v&j 45
chnology to subvert t:u!y human ends. For the
‘I. ooiogy me,,‘; 02i , i,r h,e >-,I‘ces’IT!’J I’ 3E?u-a~e:men
riry as to The kind of :&&y &&ed and j+ .+,.qs
Focir::i:~~ syeciii:oiiy an tcholc~y transfers between transnationai corporatinr!s
daza5 ni hcir seirtm,~~~ and firms and government,c in poorer, Fess-deuelcped countr%s
~:i;‘~~~~ ;;ol;,i-l.i denlonstraies htiw{ case-study iiiuriroiionsj ~.KJW confusion over basic
the uncritical pilrchase of technologies that
may uit:n:ate;!,.; prove inappropriate and even co~;nfer to genuir:e development. i-ie alsc
shows, how.:;m_ how LDCs can managi technology well-and in a few cases are
:D do m-by “corstrccting” what he terms a “vital nexus” finking their basic
s, and f&-jr tt$?ricj:cgy poiicies, Wi?ejr; this
linkage is firm nl-rd expiicit, Gouie; contends, any society cai: re& techn;iogicai
deiermir;ism arid chart its own development in ways vrhich mini:nize the social costs
.4i?i:ouyj? the mcjor case studies are drcwn from Latin America, Zou!et’s Jiscussioi
of deveiopmeni strategies hkYxxm% possibilities of autonomy and seii-relisnc3, Of
new incentive systems to oifset market com@tion, and of the positive noiion~ of
ausi&ty ,wz;c.ti :L,-:- a’ i:gi.:t oi, gJCi&& a: diverse 4s (-h+-n_, Tanzmit,; Algeria, O”d the
Llnitec! States iise!f. iiis study af value conflicts in technology ,transfer is c/so rooted in
present debates over the evoiving international economic order. And th;s context is
ersfniiol to ?he aro!ysis; b;zausc the transition to a nee order is b*ilo ccfltes:ed by
v
value systems.
e again~exhibitsihat remorkabie blend of
ed: iar-reaching analysis of contamporuiy~,
scboiarship, original fieid research, provocative insi$t, and a genuinely i;u.manistic
,vision. For policy-makers. planners, consultants, corporate per.sonnel: and concerned
citizens in the world’s richer rations, ihi% bobk poses challenges to their own
institutional and social values-chaiienges which they cannot ignore. Fo; Third
LVor!d nations I :+,, ,c f,fe .sr both encou:ageme% and va!u~b!e guidelines t’&!ormula!$~ ‘,
,:,‘,

,,,,
,“,,
eynaldo, ,asI and their ”ehlrt“

Preface xiii
in.troduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3...
Definitions 6
Technology: The yeK to Development? 7
Technology as Resource. Technology as tnemmtsnI of
luicoS .lortnoC Technology a.qd Decision-Making.
Technology ami Alienation in Abundmce.
ONE ehT Technological esrevinJ
PART
Introduction to Part One. 5I.
The Matrix of Technology: “Modern” Societies.
1,’ TheTwo-Edgc:dSword.........................................17
:ygolonhcer‘ reraeB dna reyortseD fo seulaV 27
modeerF morf d13 Constraints, or New ?smsinimreteD 24
.seiiilanreixE Redefining .qreiciffE
2/ ehT scimanyD fo ygolonhceT 13.
‘Technology as Second Nature 31
The Competitive Edge 33
Unlimited Growth or Steady State? 39
The Vital Nexus: Value ,seciohC tnempoleveD,ygetartS
Technology Policy 42
Technology Transfers:
TRAP OWT
sdiA ro selcatsbO ot?tnempoleveD
Introduction to Part Two. 15.
3: Mechanisms and Channels of Technology Transfer. 35.
Channels 53
,gnirutcafunaM ,evitcartxF dna ecivreS smriF45
Direct Investment. Licensing.
The R&D Monopoly 60
Consultant Firms 64
5/ C a s e shiiotS i n T e c h n o l o g y T r a n s f er 98.
Gas,: i : Water-Basin Development in Argentina 90
snoiweT end Procedural .stcefeD s’TIJ!I !acighdohteM Claims.
e5aC :.? iroisicerP srnemurtsn! in Latin America 9.5
esahC 3: Frozen Foods in Brazil 100
esaC 3: Tourism. Technology, and Values 106
Miscellaneous Short Cases III
.A elbatS :ygclonhccT segderD /II
Technology: Carbon kcalE 114
t3. tinstable
.C gnidiiuB ,IU 0&<I :yttcapaC The Case of MSU 117
.I! ”etairporppA“ ygolonhceT rof rooP stnasaeP 119
.-r 114~ Experiment in Transferring Technology within a
“Dweiop~J” Country /2/
;6 ehT hgiH ecirP fo ygolonhceT srefsnarT 321,
ytilibitapmoC< with Development Goals 123
T~:~chnology Transfers: .4 ids or Impediments 01
AchievingB asic Uevelopment Go als?
sedolV. .jo Impediment: Direr: and Indirect.
Technology Transfer and Social Justice 128
Technology and Jobs 129
reh!O Costs Incurred in ygclcnh:eT Transfers 135
TRAP EFRH~ Technology Policies for ~e~e~o~~efll
I n t r o d u c t i o n t o P a r t eerhT
71 Development Strategies: Basic Options
Integration with Outside Systems O5!
ymonotuA dnz ecnaileR-fleS saseigetartS 152
llarevO evitnecnI smetsyS 156
Austerity: The Price of Technological Freedom 160
81 T h i r d W o r l d T e c h n o l o g y P o l i c i e s. 167
Arenas of Technological Policy 167
Technology erutcurtsarfn! 170
Appropriate Technologies i74
Negotiating Strategies i76
Two-Way Technology Flows 184
Concerted Action 186
tancitanretn! Support for Third World Technology Policies N1
91 ygolonhceT s :r gted rnxfl neiesrnidvtnoArlnaWOoorvCTE ,195
tcadmI of the OEI on Development 196
Instiruticnal srotcA ni eht OEI 198
,%tional Governments. lanoitanretnI Agencies.
lanoitansnarT .ses#re:nE World Knowledge Specialists.
dlroW Communications System.
Values of These Actors 208
sd~:v~-etS of eht Transiticn 209
LlFT : lrx~, .vwwoP !unoitcnsnrci7 .snoiraroproC
‘The irlobd .stsiiw,oP.
weN lanoiranrerirl ytlayoL smetsyS 912
A RON on Markets 229
532...........................................noisulcrro~
Conirollicg yxlcnhcrT 235
Techmlogy susreV Civiiizatim 243
55?................................................seial\1
es................................................305
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eht Overseas ~~lenr~o~e~~~~ licnuoC .3 19