Identities and Subjectivities

557 Pages·2017·8.579 MB·English

by  Nancy Worth, Claire Dwyer (eds.)

Geographies of Children and Young People 4
Nancy Worth
Claire Dwyer Editors
Tracey Skelton Editor-in-Chief
Identities and
Subjectivities
1 3
Reference
Geographies of Children and Young People
Volume4
Editor-in-Chief
TraceySkelton
DepartmentofGeography
NationalUniversityofSingapore
Singapore,Singapore
GeographiesofChildrenandYoungPeopleisaMajorReferenceWorkcomprising
12 volumes that pulls together the best international reflective and innovative
scholarship focusing on younger people. Volumes 1 and 2 establish and critically
engage with the theoretical, conceptual, and methodological groundings of this
geographical sub-discipline. Volumes 3–11 provide in depth thematic analysis of
keytopical areas pertinent tochildren’sandyoungpeople’slives:space, place and
environment;identitiesandsubjectivities;familiesandpeergroups;movementand
mobilities; politics and citizenship; global issues and change; play and well-being;
learning and labouring; conflict and peace. Volume 12 connects both academic,
policy,andpractitionerbasedworkaroundprotectionandprovision.
SeriesTitles
1. EstablishingGeographiesofChildrenandYoungPeople
2. MethodologicalApproaches
3. Space,Place,andEnvironment
4. IdentitiesandSubjectivities
5. Families,Intergenerationality,andPeerGroupRelations
6. Movement,Mobilities,andJourneys
7. Politics,Citizenship,andRights
8. GeographiesofGlobalIssues:ChangeandThreat
9. PlayandRecreation,HealthandWellbeing
10. LabouringandLearning
11. Conflict,Violence,andPeace
12. Risk,Protection,ProvisionandPolicy
Moreinformationaboutthisseriesathttp://www.springer.com/series/13414
(cid:129)
Nancy Worth Claire Dwyer
Editors
Tracey Skelton
Editor-in-Chief
Identities and
Subjectivities
With40Figures
Editors
NancyWorth ClaireDwyer
DepartmentofGeography DepartmentofGeography
YorkUniversity UniversityCollegeLondon
Toronto,Canada London,UK
Editor-in-Chief
TraceySkelton
DepartmentofGeography
NationalUniversityofSingapore
Singapore,Singapore
ISBN978-981-287-022-3 ISBN978-981-287-023-0(eBook)
ISBN978-981-287-024-7(printandelectronicbundle)
DOI10.1007/978-981-287-023-0
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2016940064
#SpringerScience+BusinessMediaSingapore2016
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Series Preface
Geographies of Children and Young People now constitutes a major subdiscipline
within Geography. This is a very exciting and influential time in its development.
Hence, it is important to capture the dynamism, depth, and breadth of the
subdiscipline within a Major Reference Work (MRW). Springer Major Reference
Worksareproducedinsuchawaythatupdatingandeditingoftheonlineversioncan
be done every few years. This means that the publication does not fix the data,
debates, and delivery but rather moves and evolves with the subdiscipline itself.
TheintentionandexpectationofthisMRWisthatthissubstantivecollectionwillbe
the go-to resource for scholars, educators, and practitioners working with children
andyoungpeople.
Whilefoundingscholarshipwaspublishedinthe1970sand1980s,thedramatic
expansionofresearchandpublicationinthefieldreallybeganinthelate1990sand
hascontinuedexponentially.Thelastdecadehaswitnessedasubstantiveincreasein
graduatestudentresearchprojectsandasurgeinuniversity-levelteachingrelatedto
children’sandyoungpeople’sgeographies.Itisthereforeextremelytimelythatthis
12-volume major reference work has been produced. Together as Editor-in-Chief,
Volume Editors, and Authors, we have developed the largest single collection of
geographicworkfocusingonchildrenandyoungpeopleintheworld.Intellectually,
the work reaches beyond geography to the wider social and behavioral sciences;
many of the authors in the series are not geographers, and so, the collection is
healthily and engagingly transdisciplinary. Anyone working with children and
young people will find chapters that connect very effectively with their own inter-
ests.Specialistsaswellasgraduateandtertiaryeducationstudentswillfindrelevant
workdistributedthroughouttheMRWorlocateeverythingtheymightneedwithin
onethematicvolume.
This Series was founded on certain key intellectual and political principles.
Working with young people and children within the academy has not always been
easynorastraightforwardpathwayforacademics.Ithastakentimeforscholarsto
convince their colleagues of the following: that children and young people really
matter; that they should not be marginalized by the academy; that they have
competency and agency and play important roles in society; and that they should
betakenseriouslyaspeopleregardlessofageorsize.This12-volumecollectionis
material evidenceoftheacademicimportanceofchildrenandyoungpeopleinour
v
vi SeriesPreface
world. The MRW is determinedly international in approach, in authorship, and in
content. The huge diversity of nations and territories explored in the collection as
well as the geographic locations of author contributors is a real testament to the
commitment of the Editor-in-Chief and Volume Editors to be genuinely interna-
tional. Childrenandyoungpeople areeverywhere ontheplanet, henceit isimper-
ative that this Series reflects that ubiquity. Drawing from scholars and scholarship
from within and about the majority world has been a key achievement for each
volume. Another aspect of inclusivity relates to authorship. Foundational, well-
established, and early career scholars are all well represented throughout the
volumes.
The12volumesworkcollectivelyasaseriesandalsostandaloneassinglebooks.
Thevolumesarelengthyandcontainbetween25and35fullchapters;eachvolume
isanexcellentresource ofexpertise, content, and analysis. Volume 1,Establishing
GeographiesofChildrenandYoungPeople,isdesignedtopulltogethersomeofthe
foundational work in the sub discipline; demonstrate the emergence and establish-
mentofparticularphilosophical,theoretical,andconceptualthemes;andcapturethe
diversityofgeographicworkonchildrenandyoungpeopleasitconnectswithother
sub- and disciplinary approaches.Thisvolumepresentsthekey founding elements
of the sub discipline. Volume 2, Methodological Approaches, explores the grand
array of methodological approaches and tools that children’s and young people’s
geographers,andothersocialandbehavioralscientists,haveworkedwith,adapted,
andinvented.Chaptersexploreresearchpractices,techniques,dataanalysis,and/or
interpretation.Workingwithyoungerpeopleinresearchdemandsdifferentwaysof
doing research and hence addressing the complexities of power relations. Method-
ologically,innovationandexperimentationhavebeenveryimportant.Space,Place,
andEnvironment(Vol.3)takesthesethreecentralgeographicconceptsanddebates
and extends them. The volume is structured around five subsections: Indigenous
Youth – Space and Place; Children, Nature, and Environmental Education; Urban
Spaces; Home Spaces and Homeless Spaces; and Border Spaces. Several of these
themes are explored in fuller depth in subsequent specialized volumes. Volumes
1 and 3 will be particularly useful starting points for readers less familiar with
geography as a discipline. Volume 4, Identities and Subjectivities, is designed to
focusonthestuffoflifeandlivingforyoungerpeople.Thechaptersexaminewho
young people and children are and what their social identities and subjectivities
mean in the context of their spatial experiences. The volume explores identity
formation and the spatial meaning of identities and subjectivities in relation to a
broadrangeofsocialrelations.Thechaptersexplorehowyoungpeople’ssensesof
selfhoodandbelongingemergethroughcomplexprocessesofinclusion,exclusion,
andmarginalizationandtheimportantroleplayedbyrepresentation,discourse,and
creativity. In Vol. 5, Families, Intergenerationality, and Peer Group Relations, the
focusisonthewaysinwhichchildrenandyoungpeoplearerelationallyconnected
with others. Section I demonstrates that familial relationships and the spatiality of
the home are extremely important in all children’s and young people’s lives,
even though the patterns and structures of families and the spaces/places of
home vary geographically and temporally. Section II innovatively examines the
SeriesPreface vii
complexitiesandspatialitiesofextrafamilialintergenerationalrelationshipsandthe
complexmeaningsofagerelationality.SectionIIIemphasizeschildren’sandyoung
people’s relationships with one another. This includes work on geographies of
emotionandaffect,bodiesandembodiment.
Themobilityturningeographyhasbeenhighlyinfluentialinthesocialsciences.
Children’sandyoungpeople’sgeographershavebeensignificantintheparadigmatic
shift around mobilities and immobilities. In Vol. 6, Movement, Mobilities, and
Journeys, contributors examine the role children and young people play in these
“travels” in a range of diverse global contexts. The chapters collectively provide
theoretical, empirical, and methodological insights and examples of actual move-
ment combined with analysis of a range of complex contexts, spatialities, and
temporalities that facilitate or hamper mobility. Volume 7 takes us into the realm
of children and young people as political beings. Politics, Citizenship and Rights
explores the political geographies of younger people in order to bring analytical
attention to intricacies of the policies that specifically affect young people and
children, alongside the politics at play in their everyday lives. Divided into four
sections, the volume interrogates the spatialities of the rights of the child, children
and young people’s agency in politics, youthful practices and political resistance,
andactiveyouthcitizenship.Volume8,GeographiesofGlobalIssues:Changeand
Threat, unites three broad research themes that are often examined separately:
economicglobalizationandculturalchange;internationaldevelopment;andchildren
andyoungpeople’sconnectionswithclimatechange,naturalhazards,andenviron-
mental issues. What pulls these themes together is the recognition that younger
peopleareimportantactorsandagentswithintheseprocessesandthattheirengage-
ment/disengagementiscrucialfortheplanet’sfuture.InVol.9,PlayandRecreation,
Health and Wellbeing, important, well-established, but often contentious foci of
children’sandyoungpeople’slivesareexaminedconceptually,temporally,spatially,
in practice, and through representation. Many of the debates about children’s
embodimentrevolvingaroundobesity,unfitness,wellness,andneglectarerelatively
new in the social sciences, and geographers have played important roles in their
closer scrutiny. Volume 10, Labouring and Learning, provides an integrated and
multidimensional approach to understanding what learning and laboring mean to
children andyoungpeople.Thetwoconceptsareexploredindepth andbreadthin
order to capture the variance of what work and education mean and how they are
practicedindifferentplacesandatdifferenttimesthroughchildhoodandyouth.Key
thematic areas for this volume include social reproduction, transitions, aspirations,
and social and cultural capital. In Conflict, Violence and Peace (Vol. 11), the
emphasis is on the ways in which children are impacted and affected by, and
involvedwith,highlyproblematic and fragile conditions ofwar, violence, conflict,
and peace. As more and more younger people experience a range of conflicts and
social,economic, and political violence, it is essential to examine what happens to
them and what roles they play in processes such as asylum, child soldiering,
terrorism, counterterrorism, ending conflict, and building peace. Volume 12, Risk,
Protection, Provision and Policy, serves to connect academic research and policy
andplanningthataffectschildrenandyoungpeople.Policy,planning,andprovision
viii SeriesPreface
are often purportedly about reducing risk and offering protection but are also
associatedwiththecontrolandcontainmentofyoungerpeople,particularlyspatially.
The chapters explore the ways in which policies at different scales affect children
andyoungpeopleintermsoftheiraccesstospaceandtheirlifechances.
ThisSeriesisanextremelyrich,varied,andvibrantcollectionofworkcentered
on geographies of children and young people. Just as children and young people
bringvibrancy,diversity,andcomplexitytoourworlds,sothisMRWisdesignedto
showcase, deepen, and develop the geographic scholarship that captures, albeit
partially, the fascinating social heterogeneity and diverse spatialities of children’s
andyoungpeople’slives.
NationalUniversityofSingapore,Singapore TraceySkelton
May20,2015 MAOxon,Ph.D.
Editor-in-Chief
Editorial: Geographies of Children and Young
’
Peoples Identities and Subjectivities
Nancy Worth and Claire Dwyer
This volume on identities and subjectivities is designed to focus very much on the
stuffoflifeandlivingforchildrenandyoungpeople,acentralareaofinterestinthe
subfield of children’s geographies as well as the field of youth studies. It is about
whochildrenandyoungpeopleareandwhattheirsocialidentitiesandsubjectivities
mean in the contexts of their spatial experiences. The volume allows authors to
examinethegeographiesofchildren’sandyoungpeople’slives,whotheyare,and
whatimpact these elements haveinspatial andinstitutional contexts, revealing the
complexities of processes of identity formation and the spatial meaning of those
identitiesandsubjectivities.
This introduction sets out the organization of the volume into three sections:
Identities,Inclusion and Exclusion, andRepresentations. These sections were cho-
senasawayofnavigatingthisbroadareaofgeographicinquiry,andshouldbeseen
asawayofexploringthevolumeratherthanawaytocategorizethewritingwithin.
SectionI,Identities,includeschaptersthatexplicitlyexaminesocialcategorieslike
gender, ethnicity, disability, faith, and age. The second section, Inclusion and
Exclusion, comments on the importance of spatiality to concerns about identity
and subjectivity. It includes chapters that explore how identity is often used as a
marker for belonging in diverse places including city centers, suburbs, slums,
refugee camps, and the countryside. The third section, Representations, considers
howchildrenandyoungpeoplerepresentthemselvesandarerepresentedbyothers,
across different forms of media including literature, photography, radio, as well as
throughunderstandingsofhomeandplace.
Identities
The first section of the volume examines how childhood and youth intersect with
other social categories of difference, including gender, race/ethnicity, disability,
religion, and social class. The geographies of children and young people has had
aninterestinidentitiessinceitsinception,workingtounderstandhowidentityand
space are mutually constructed. The first three chapters in this section, ▶Chap. 1,
“AgeIdentityandtheGeographiesofChildrenandYoungPeople”byNancyWorth,
ix