IDENTIFICATION, DISTRIBUTION, AND HABITAT OF COREOPSIS SECTION EUBLEPHARIS (ASTERACEAE) AND DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES

2013·6.6 MB·English

by  Bruce A Sorrie

AND OF
HABITAT COREOPSIS
DISTRIBUTION,
IDENTIFICATION,
AND
DESCRIPTION
(ASTERACEAE)
EUBLEPHARIS
SECTION
NEW
A
OF
SPECIES
Weakley
and
Alan
LeBlond,
Richard S.
Bruce
A. Sorrie,
J.
U.SA
27599-3280,
CB. 3280, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION
neotropics
NorthAmericaand seven in .he
C»^isisagenusof35 28
species, in
plamto
rangingon the coastal
American,
easleiarNorth
mSectionEuhlepharis
Nutt, strictly
is
on
a^eeinent e
been hmite
There has
Nova Scotia to southern Florida and eastern Texas.
l),withdisagreementcenteringonC.gIad^
thatpreriousauthorsrecognized (Table
and
“f™'
plant morphology (several characters), habitat fideltty,
^ and
ITS plastid
from nuclear
tnolecularwor^^^ngseq
by
dons, supported
presented below, are largely
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^.^^
oglomCCrawford&MarkTOOSXwhoreportawell-t^lved^^gwy
sample
The authors
including monophyly Eublephans.
of section ^
“additional field
Cm ^ ^hat
C
However,
and C. rosea. ^
gladiata, C.
integrifolia, C. linifolia, provide
m
pe^
t
and relationships
labratory needed elucidate
studies are to
C Smith, C.
jloridana E.B.
^ Boynton
t^le
sectionEublephnns|^CMau^-^J™^^^^^^^^,^^^^^^^^^
for tecognizingnine species in
treatment
the
synonymized in
are
here
recognized
not
other taxa
al
while gathering
years
twenty
of
period
over a
author
Thecu by the first
d d d
1
American
North
specimen of the
information on endemic species
accessioned
specimens
constructe
Smith newly
by
served augmented and
as a baseline, Godfrey
seven species;
for
«nce illustration
Smith’s work. Smith P'^ovided
(1976)
we
Wooten drawings
These
Measurements
(1981) illustrated six species.
each species.
within
on ygriation
data
^mples provided ^
specimens
of the species; herbarium (jgyg ^978) cited
spec
from
specimen)
'^ere made per
20-23 achenes (1-2
of mature

It is describe as follows:
&
Weakley, nov. (Figs 1, 2).
sp.
Coreopsis LeBlond, Sorrie
1. aristulata
character
Differs from combination of
C. palusiris in the following
S«rie markedly in
(= C. heiianthoides Beadle misapplied), but differ
ro«sy'>l^
mm
and the
wide, these
2
PlantsThizomatous; rhizomes 14+ cm,
ro
rous, ^
Stems
lower stem. g
from
giaied with roots or hardly distinguishable 4-6
lowest
gmduallyreducrf^"!^^^^^^^^
leaves
t-.lO-BmKiesbelowLflorei;ence.Canlme
^
cm tissue
"“ies long, leaf °
leaOess 2.0-3.5
at anthesis. Petioles
mm
linear ,o „
sheaths 1-2 Blades glabrous,
long. margins mi-
LVry)
^Kxasbngas s.iff,hri.ilewhendry,surfa«ssm^h.shno^^^^^^
Wide,
thick,
open,
Dutely 13-50 cmlong,
scabrid. Inflorescence 0.4-
midpoint,
^ide
8_1 at
me 0
blunt, mm
Vt
rays. Outer phyllaries narrowly lance-oblong, mm wide
3-4.2 at
long,
5
r
^aslongas innerphyllariesovate-oblong^pere^^^
the inner;
.^^^^
•
''^estpoint.Achene oblanceolate-oblong,(3.0-)3.2
bodies
mm
mm wide,
0.1-0.3
Wings); awns wings
0.2-0.4 long;
Run N
Haws
slow Co.:
F
Thalictrum cooleyi,
It,
^
-D (NCU). Pender Co.: S
j,.
.
23Oct2011.R.
virgalum
ivirentumvar
Eublephans
section
in
species
only
— ’ r the
are
4
aristulata
and
,
palustrts
Coreopsis two shriveled senes-
or
s.
^
lous at anthesi:
‘^ent
leaves.
This character
is a striking
4.
.
chatacte
by the
to distinguished
herbaria. The two can be
species
NoKthatleafwidihandacheneawnlengthdoiiotoverlapbetweenthelwospecies;m{acl,awnlenglho
C. amlulata only 38% *
is of that of
C. palusths. The narrow
of
leaves of C. arislulala are simiUr to those
narrow-leaved extreme
of C. glndtotn mayh
(described as
C.
Imgifolia Small), and specimens of the latter
mistaken
«
lorthefornrer.Howev^.leafbladesofCnrismlmaamevenlongerandmoren
C
of
ongi/olin the lowest
leaves are absent
, at anthesis awns sthkitigH
(vs. present), and achene are
mm the
short (mean
0.3 mm).
vs. 1.5
and
Habitat
Dates^orecrpsis
aristulata occurs in the Very Wet Loamy Savanna natura
Pine
community
(Schafale
2012), equivalent
to the
Pinus
palustris-Pinus virginiana/Sp
serotina/Magnolia
Woodland
(CEGL004500)
Community structure ii
1^ V (NatureServe 2012).
Ti!
^
usu
and
^ dominated
by Michx.,
Pinus
serotina
1
ally wi^tthh
someP.palitstnsP.MiUandTaxodinmnscendemBrongnTheshrnbUyer
issparsetop^^^^^
typically

M
C
i. Characters ot Loreopsis amtulata vs. palustns. N
and
of creeks
IS
ri
e North
Carolina
tc
With
Morelia
caroliniensis Mill.) Small,
(P. Cyrilla racemiflora L., Ilex glabra (L.) A. Gray, myrtifolia Wall, and
I.
&
Vacciniumfuscatum
Aiton prominent.
Juvenile Acer rubrum L. var. trilobum Torrey A. Gray and Nyssa
biflora
Walter
are often present. The herb layer is dense, and dominated by combinations of Ctenium aromaticum,
Sporobolus pinetorum, and
several Rhynchospora
taxa [e.g., R. pinetorum Small, R. latifolia (Baldwin ex Ell.)
Thomas, and
R. thomei Flowering mid
Krai]. Sep-mid
dates:
Oct.
Etymology.—The
specific epithet, aristulata, means “with short awn" or “with short
bristle.”
Range.—
Coreopsis
aristulata occurs only in Onslow and Pender North Other
counties. Carolina (Fig.
3).
endemic
locally
species share range and
tliis specialized habitat: Allium sp. nov. cemuum Roth (Alliaceae),
aff.
Carex LeBlond
lutea
(Cyperaceae),
Scleria sp. nov. aff. dliottii Chapman (Cyperaceae), and Thalictrum cooleyi
Ahles
(Ranunculaceae); LeBlond
see
and
et (1994) LeBlond
al. (2001) for a discussion of this remarkable eco-
system. The
three
localities cited under Specimens Examined km
occur within eight of each other and are part
complex
of a of savannas
that are remnants of once
a
larger ecosystem.
F.E. Boynton,
i Biltmore
Bot. Stud.
1(2):14L 1902.
This and
nudata
C. are the only spring/summer
blooming
species in the section and both have basally disposed
leaves^ nudata
C.
is easily distinguished by
pink
deep
its to rosy ray and more southern
ligules, terete leaves,
istnbution; the two
species are allopatric. Seven out of 51 specimens NCU we could not
at lacked leaf lobes (or
them
see
hence
clearly);
this species keyed
is twice. mm;
features very only
It short achene awns, averaging 0.5
those
of C. anstulata are
shorter. Furthermore,
achenes
of C.falcata are truncated each end, unlike any other
at
p^ies.
inhabits seepage
It bogs, wet
savannas, wet
borrow
and from
pits, seepy streamsides. C.falcata ranges
ex reme
southeastern
Virginia
[Fleming and
Caljouw
10435 (GMUF,
WILLI)] southern South Carolina (Fig.
to
was
4). It reported or Georgia
in McIntosh and
Bibb
Counties by
Jones and Code (1988) and there is a speci-
men GH
at snnpty labeled
“Georgia”;
possibly more common
it is
in Georgia than these few records indicate.
(NCU)], which
s.n.
is far out of range but
plausible
if collected in a monta
May-late
June(-earlyJul).
3. Coreopsis Horidana
E.B. Smith,
Sida
6:192. 1976.
and shape
^ broader, resulting in an elliptical
“andZTb^'d Lith represent
drawing
‘"e in (1976)
esemblmg
Uese
C./alcotu. two
speetes ate amply
outer
distinguished by Dowering length of
period,
s usua
present
y in
C.falcata.
Coreopsis jloridana wet savannas, flat'
inhabits
305
Eublepharis
Coreopsis sect.
Soriie et al..
and lower
Most plants have broadly elliptic basal
from other
and are strikingly distinct all
leaves
C
may
have
(=helianthoides)
only palustris
taxa;
but those occur only in
broad leaves,
similarly
and
because the basal
region
mid-cauline
the
have senesced by anthesis. Core-
lower leaves
and have the longest
C.
gladiata linifolia
opsis
described as C.
Plants originally
respectively.
narrow extreme
Small represent the
longifolia
morphology appears to
achene
width;
of leaf
appears
narrow leaved variant
This
differences.
most
but
throughout the range, is
more-or-less
peninsular Florida. Core-
encountered in
often
Gulf
most frequent in the East
gladiata is
opsis
wet
pitcher-
where inhabits
Coastal Plain, it
Disjunct
streamhead seepages.
and
bogs
plant
mountains of the Car-
occur in the
populations
mon-
where they inhabit
and Georgia,
olinas
ranges
gladiata
Coreopsis
bogs.
seepage
tane
north Florida
South Carolina to
from eastern
mon-
disjunct to
Mississippi;
southeastern
and
and North Caro-
South Carolina,
Georgia,
tane
southeastern
be sought in
should
lina (Fig. 6). It
mid August-early
Howering
dates;
Louisiana.
November.
integrifolia Poii
Coreopsis
Suppl.2,352.1811.
opposite,
in strictly
distinctive its
species is
s
Core-
small-bladed leaves.
uniformly
and
ite,
known from
and
local,
rare
is
integrifolia
is
south-
in
northern Florida, five
in
counties
South
southeastern
and four in
Georgia,
1
We
have not been able to verify
(Fig. 7).
rolina
2006).
(Strother It
North Carolina
from
iport
This
seepages.
and streamside
ts,
calcareous soils.
prefer
appears to
species
November.
mid August-early
dates:
Flowering

307
Eublepharis
Coreopsis sert.
Sonie et al..
Beadle has
hdianthoides
Since inception, C.
its
been misunderstood and often neglected
a
due the general pau-
In part this to
species. is
specimens in herbaria and in part due to
of
city
Beadle (1898)
erroneous protolog.
Beadle’s
October
type [Aspalaga, Florida,
designated a
AW. Chapman (Biltmore Herb., holo-
1897, s.n.
MO!,
isotypes US!)],
perhaps destroyed;
type
Wal-
specimens actually are C. gladiata
but the
broad-bladed leaves
due the presence of
to
ter,
culm and
and lower nodes, collect-
basal
at all
outside of the prov-
hundreds kilometers
ed of
We
recommend
hdianthoides.
en range of C.
name Walter be conserved
gladiata
C.
that the
neo-
Smith has designated a
Walter’s plant;
for
known
Therefore, the entity
above).
type (see
(Weakley 2011).
Sorrie et al.
name: palustris
C.
highly distinctive
of this
The features
salient
been overlooked by practically all
have
species
Radford (1968). Its leaf
except et al.
authors
by
matched only C. aristulata,
phenology
is
4-6 senescent or decidu-
leaves
lower
with the
nodes
lower
the
thus leaving
ous by anthesis,
nota-
naked. Coreopsis palustris is
essentially
mm),
wings
achene (0.5
broad
very
the
ble for
Coreopsis palustris
by nudata.
matched only C.
with ascending distal
grows prostrate
often
due relatively
perhaps to
stems,
portions of
section
species in
of the
inundation;
frequent
C
and
integrifolia
palustris
only C.
Eublepharis,
inhabits
palustris
Coreopsis
overflow.
stream
or
creek
fresh tidal
and openings,
swamp
forests
borrow ponds. rang-
and It
marshes,
margins,
Duval
North Carolina to
southeastern
from
es
in 1898)
there
collected
Florida (last
County,
are
specimens of C. palustris
Georgia
10).
(Fig.
N
mi
of
Camden County,
1
extremely rare;
50908 (FSU,
Godfrey
Oct 1950,
18
Kingsland,
mid August-late
Flowering dates:
NCSC).
Amer.
Gen. N.
Pi.
rosea Nutt.,
Coreopsis
9.
no other species in sec
of
The distribution
in
under-represented
been as
has
Eublepharis
manuals and monographs maps
as that of C. rosea. For example, Smith (1976) in six
it
New New
Rhode
Island, York, Jersey, Delaware, and Maryland) plus Nova Scotia, Canada. Strother
(2006)
lists
New
Rhode
six states (Massachusetts, Island, Jersey, Delaware, and South Carolina) plus Nova
Scotia. Howev-
New
er, there are specimens dating as far back as 1903 from Maryland (MO), 1871 from York (GH), 1865
from
Pennsylvania (GH, MO), and 1900 from South Carolina (PH). Nuttall’s original discovery was made
in Georgia
my
in October 1815: “about 20 mis. from Savannah on way to Augusta found and a beautiful new
purple
I
. . .
flowered
species of Coreopsis!” (Graustein 1967, p. 101). This location would be in present-day Effingham
County. New
Nuttafl’s original description of C. rosea clearly stated that occurred “from
it Jersey to Georgia”
(Nuttall 1818, p. 179). Finally, there is a Leavenworth specimen collected in Georgia pre-1862 (Leavenworth
PH), as reported by Smith
s.n. (1978). Figure 11 shows the distribution by county. Coreopsis rosea is unique in
the section in its very short and narrow achenes which wings and The may
lack awns. awnless achenes
suggest
with some
affinity other section of the genus, as was done by Sherff (1936)—section Calliopsis—but molecular
data needed
guide
IS to current decision-making.
Coreopsis rosea inhabits sandy to stony shores of ponds,
lakes,
and
other depressional
wetlands, plus sandy margins Waccamaw
of River, South Carolina. Flowering
dates:
mid
Jul-late Sep.