Ideas and Idealism in Philosophy (New Studies in the History and Historiography of Philosophy) PDF
Preview Ideas and Idealism in Philosophy (New Studies in the History and Historiography of Philosophy)
Ideas and Idealism in Philosophy New Studies in the History and Historiography of Philosophy Edited by Sebastian Luft Volume 11 Ideas and Idealism in Philosophy Edited by Jure Simoniti and Gregor Kroupa ISBN 978-3-11-076073-6 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-076076-7 e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-076120-7 ISSN 2364-3161 Library of Congress Control Number: 2022944048 Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. © 2023 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston Printing and binding: CPI books GmbH, Leck www.degruyter.com Table of Contents Abbreviations VII Jure Simoniti and Gregor Kroupa Introduction: Impulses for a New Idealism IX Part I: The Neglected Impulses of Idealism in the History of Philosophy James I. Porter How Ideal Is the Ancient Self? 3 Jure Simoniti De-Symbolization of the World and the Emergence of the Self: A Historically-Idealist Theory of the Subject 27 Gregor Kroupa Genesis, Structure, and Ideas: Genetic Epistemology in Early Modern Philosophy 69 Miran Božovič Diluvian Philosophy: Utilitarian Motifs in Moby-Dick 93 Bojana Jovićević Thinking Free Release in Hegel’s System 111 Robert B. Pippin Idealism and the Problem of Finitude: Heidegger and Hegel 127 Paul Redding Hegel’s Metaphysical Alternative to the Choice between an Unrealistic Platonic Realism and an Opposing Skeptical Anti-realism 151 VI TableofContents Part II: Contemporary Impulses for a New Idealism Slavoj Žižek A Materialist Defense of an Idealist Subjectivity 173 Sebastian Rödl Philosophy and Its History 193 Isabelle Thomas-Fogiel Beyond Realism and Correlationism, the Idealist Path 209 Paul Guyer ATypology of Idealism 231 Jela Krečič Fiction: The Truth of Idealism and Realism 251 Mladen Dolar Virus and Idea 269 Index 283 Abbreviations Abbreviations for work titles DeAn. Aristotle,Deanima Gen. Genesis Metaph. Aristotle,Metaphysics Part.An. Aristotle,PartsofAnimals PU Wittgenstein,Ludwig:PhilosophischeUntersuchungen Theaet. Plato,Theaetetus Abbreviations for specific editions BP Heidegger,Martin(1988):TheBasicProblemsofPhenomenology.TranslatedbyAlbert Hofstadter.Bloomington:IndianaUniversityPress(GA,vol.24). BT Heidegger,Martin(1962):BeingandTime.TranslatedbyJohnMacquarrieandEdward Robinson.Oxford:Blackwell(GA,vol.2). CPR Kant,Immanuel(1998):CritiqueofPureReason.TranslatedbyPaulGuyerandAllen W.Wood.Cambridge:CambridgeUniversityPress.CitedbyAandB,representingthe originalpaginationofthe1stand2ndeditions,respectively. CSM1 Descartes,René(1985):ThePhilosophicalWritingsofDescartes.Vol1.Translatedby JohnCottingham,RobertStoothoffandDugaldMurdoch.CambridgeandNewYork: CambridgeUniversityPress. DC Hobbes,Thomas(1839):“ElementsofPhilosophy.TheFirstSection,Concerning Body”[=Decorpore].In:TheEnglishWorksofThomasHobbes.Vol.1.EditedbySir WilliamMolesworth.London:JohnBohn. EG Heidegger,Martin(1998):“OntheEssenceofGround”.In:Pathmarks.Translatedby WilliamMcNeill.Cambridge:CambridgeUniversityPress,pp.97–135(GA,vol.9). EL Hegel,GeorgWilhelmFriedrich(1991):TheEncyclopediaLogic.TranslatedbyT.F.Ger- aets,W.A.SuchtingandH.S.Harris.Indianapolis:Hackett. El. Euclid(1908):TheThirteenBooksofEuclid’sElements.3vols.EditedbyT.L.Heath. Cambridge:CambridgeUniversityPress. FCM Heidegger,Martin(1995):TheFundamentalConceptsofMetaphysics:World,Finitude, Solitude.TranslatedbyWilliamMcNeillandNicholasWalker.Bloomington:Indiana UniversityPress(GA,vol.29–30). GA Heidegger,Martin(1978–):Gesamtausgabe.FrankfurtamMain:Klostermann. ID Heidegger,Martin(1969):IdentityandDifference.TranslatedbyJoanStambough.Chi- cago:UniversityofChicagoPress(GA,vol.11). IM Heidegger,Martin(2000):IntroductiontoMetaphysics.TranslatedbyGregoryFried andRichardPolt.NewHaven:YaleUniversityPress(GA,vol.40). KPM Heidegger,Martin(1997):KantandtheProblemofMetaphysics.TranslatedbyRichard Taft.Bloomington:IndianaUniversityPress(GA,vol.3). https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110760767-001 VIII Abbreviations P Heidegger,Martin(1998):Pathmarks.TranslatedbyWilliamMcNeill.Cambridge:Cam- bridgeUniversityPress(GA,vol.9). SL Hegel,GeorgWilhelmFriedrich(2010):TheScienceofLogic.TranslatedbyGeorgedi Giovanni.Cambridge:CambridgeUniversityPress.PagenumberstotheGermanedi- tionarecitedinsquarebrackets. Other abbreviations AMC AMCNetworks DNA Deoxyribonucleicacid FX FXNetworks HBO HomeBoxOffice OOO Object-orientedontology RNA Ribonucleicacid TMV Tobaccomosaicvirus Jure Simoniti and Gregor Kroupa Introduction: Impulses for a New Idealism As arguably in every epoch before it, the philosophical legacy of the twentieth century is historically unique and poses a considerable challenge to the twen- ty-first. It might nonetheless be comparable to the aftermath of British empiri- cism toward the end of the eighteenth century. By way of subtracting primary qualitiesfromperceptualthings,Berkeleyrevealedaworlddevoidofanymate- rial substance and Hume a reality unsure of its causal necessity. It was Kant’s versionofidealism,oneofperformingadifferentialredefinition,hence,an“ide- alization”,ofthepureconceptsofreasonandshiftingtheiroriginintothespon- taneityofthesubject,thatbestowedsomeorderontheontologicalchaosempiri- cismhadleftbehind.Thisnew“subjectivelyidealist”re-foundationofalawful, toanextentfirm,substantial,andreliablephysicalrealitycamefamouslyatthe price of assuming the stance of philosophical antirealism. However—and this findingrepresentstheprimaryimpulseofthevolumeathand—theexplicitKant- ianantirealismalso stands at thebeginningofamorefurtiveandobscure,less tangible, sometimes unacknowledged and even silent tradition of anti-idealism of European thought. It has become a sort of consensus to put the entire tradition of European continentalphilosophyfromKanttopostmodernismonalevelwithantirealism (and implicitlyidealism).This hasbeen suggestedparticularlybythe advocates of so-called speculative realism. However, the equation is one-sided and mis- leading since it neglects the fact that, alongside the repeatedly anti-realist self-interpretationsofpost-Kantianphilosophy,simultaneouslyacontrarymove- mentprevailedinthephilosophicallandscape.Forwhatcontinentalphilosophy wasfacedwithattheendoftheerawasaconsiderabledisintegrationofthenor- mativeandformalstandardsthattraditionallyguaranteedthepossibilityofcon- stituting and achievinguniversal truths. It was left with nothing but the partic- ularism and relativism of endless hermeneutic interpretations, the plurality of language games, infinite dialogues, and the deconstruction of the meaning of linguisticsigns.Eventually,truthbecamepartial,erratic,incomplete,contextual, metaphoric,or,atbest,aresultofthepragmaticconsensusofarationalcommu- nity.Inshort,afterHegel,amomentousbutnowlargelyoverlookeddownfallof idealismtookplace.Forif “idealism”isnotunderstoodmerelyasanontological doctrine (e.g., as Berkeley’s immaterialism, Leibniz’s monadology, or German idealism in its various iterations) but more broadly, as a right to postulate ideas that transcend the limits of particular contexts and at least lay claim to theuniversalityoftruth,thenitseemsthatthedeclineofidealiststancesunites https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110760767-002
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