Icons of R&B and Soul: An Encyclopedia of the Artists Who Revolutionized Rhythm (Greenwood Icons)(Two Volumes)

556 Pages·2007·5.67 MB·English

by  Bob Gulla

Icons of R&B and Soul:
An Encyclopedia of the
Artists Who
Revolutionized Rhythm,
Volumes 1 & 2
Bob Gulla
Greenwood Press
ICONS OF R&B AND SOUL
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ICONS OF R&B
AND SOUL
An Encyclopedia of the Artists
Who Revolutionized Rhythm
VOLUME 1
Bob Gulla
Greenwood Icons
GREENWOOD PRESS
Westport, Connecticut (cid:129) London
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Gulla, Bob.
Icons of R&B and soul: an encyclopedia of the artists who revolutionized rhythm /
Bob Gulla.
p. cm.—(Greenwood icons)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-313-34044-4 (set: alk. paper)—ISBN 978-0-313-34045-1 (vol. 1: alk.
paper)—ISBN 978-0-313-34046-8 (vol. 2: alk. paper)
1. African Americans—Music—History and criticism. 2. Rhythm and blues music—
United States—History and criticism. 3. Soul music—United States—History and
criticism. 4. Rhythm and blues musicians—United States. 5. Soul musicians—United
States. I. Title.
ML3479.G85 2008
781.643092′396073—dc22
[B] 2007040518
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data is available.
Copyright © 2008 by Bob Gulla
All rights reserved. No portion of this book may be
reproduced, by any process or technique, without the
express written consent of the publisher.
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 2007040518
ISBN: 978-0-313-34044-4 (set)
978-0-313-34045-1 (vol. 1)
978-0-313-34046-8 (vol. 2)
First published in 2008
Greenwood Press, 88 Post Road West, Westport, CT 06881
An imprint of Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc.
www.greenwood.com
Printed in the United States of America
The paper used in this book complies with the
Permanent Paper Standard issued by the National
Information Standards Organization (Z39.48–1984).
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Contents
List of Photos vii
Preface ix
Volume One
R&B and Soul Timeline xvii
Ray Charles 1
Little Richard 27
Fats Domino 47
Ruth Brown 69
LaVern Baker 91
Sam Cooke 107
Jackie Wilson 129
Etta James 147
Ike and Tina Turner 167
The Isley Brothers 191
James Brown, by Andy Schwartz 211
Curtis Mayfi eld 233
Volume Two
Smokey Robinson and The Miracles 249
The Temptations 267
The Supremes 289
Stevie Wonder, by Jesse Jarnow 309
Marvin Gaye 329
Dusty Springfi eld 355
Aretha Franklin 377
vi Contents
Otis Redding 395
Sly and the Family Stone 417
George Clinton 439
Kenny Gamble, Leon Huff, and Thom Bell 459
Prince, by Jesse Jarnow 481
Bibliography 501
Index 511
Photos
Ray Charles (page 1) . 1973. Courtesty of Photofest.
Richard Wayne Penniman; aka Little Richard (page 27) . ca. 1950s. Courtesy
of Photofest.
Fats Domino (as himself) ( page 47). In Roy Lockwoods’s 1957 fi lm, J amboree .
Courtesy of Warner Bros./Photofest.
Ruth Brown ( page 69). Performing at Michael’s Pub in New York City, 1988.
Courtesy of Photofest.
LaVern Baker (page 91) . ca. 1950s. Courtesy of Photofest.
Sam Cooke (page 107) . ca. 1960s. Courtesy of Photofest.
Jackie Wilson (page 129) . ca. 1960. Courtesy of Photofest.
Etta James (page 147). ca. 1970. Michael Ochs Archives /Getty Images.
Ike and Tina Turner (page 167) . ca. 1960s. Courtesy of Photofest.
The Isley Brothers (page 191) . ca. 1973. Courtesy of Photofest.
James Brown (page 211) . Undated picture. Courtesy of Photofest.
Curtis Mayfi eld (page 233) . Undated picture. AP Photo/Curtom Records.
Smokey Robinson and The Miracles (page 249) . Courtesy of Photofest.
The Temptations ( page 267) . Shown from the left: Eddie Kendricks, David
Ruffi n, Otis Williams, Melvin Franklin, and Paul Williams. Courtesy of
Photofest.
The Supremes ( page 289). Late 1960s. Shown from left: Mary Wilson,
Florence Ballard, and Diana Ross. Pictorial Press Ltd./Alamy.
Stevie Wonder (page 309) . ca. 1970s. Courtesy of Photofest.
viii Photos
Marvin Gaye (page 329) . 1974. Courtesy of Photofest.
Dusty Springfi eld (page 355) . 1969. AP Photo.
Aretha Franklin (page 377) . Undated picture. Pictorial Press Ltd. /Alamy.
Otis Redding (page 395) . 1967. Courtesy of Photofest.
Sly and the Family Stone (page 417) . 1969. Shown clockwise from top: Larry
Graham, Freddie Stone, Gregg Errico, Sly Stone, Rose Stone, Cynthia
Robinson, and Jerry Martini. Courtesy of Photofest.
George Clinton ( page 439). Performs with Parliament-Funkadelic, c. late
1970s. Courtesy of Photofest.
Gamble & Huff ( page 459). Leon Huff and Kenny Gamble pose for this 1970
photo. Michael Ochs Archives/Getty Images.
Prince ( page 481). Starring as The Kid in Albert Magnoli’s 1984 fi lm, Purple
Rain. Courtesy of Photofest.