Abdul Shakoor Editors Kerry Cato IAEG/AEG Annual Meeting Proceedings, San Francisco, California, 2018— Volume 6 Advances in Engineering Geology: Education, Soil and Rock Properties, Modeling IAEG/AEG Annual Meeting Proceedings, — San Francisco, California, 2018 Volume 6 Abdul Shakoor (cid:129) Kerry Cato Editors IAEG/AEG Annual Meeting Proceedings, San Francisco, — California, 2018 Volume 6 Advances in Engineering Geology: Education, Soil and Rock Properties, Modeling 123 Editors AbdulShakoor Kerry Cato Department ofGeology Department ofGeological Sciences KentState University California State University Kent, OH, USA SanBernardino, CA, USA ISBN978-3-319-93141-8 ISBN978-3-319-93142-5 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93142-5 LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2018947486 ©SpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG2019 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartofthematerialis concerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseofillustrations,recitation,broadcasting,reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped. 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Coverillustration:GoldenGateBridgeatnight.©FredericProchasson123rf.com ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland Preface The XIII IAEG Congress and 61st AEG Annual Meeting, San Francisco, USA, chose Engineering Geology for a Sustainable World as the theme for 2018. Based on the topical symposia and technical sessions, the proceedings are organized into six volumes and sub-categories as follows: Volume 1: Slope Stability: Case Histories, Landslide Mapping, Emerging Technologies Volume 2: Geotechnical and Environmental Site Characterization Volume 3: Mining, Aggregates, Karst Volume 4: Dams, Tunnels, Groundwater Resources, Climate Change Volume 5: Geologic Hazards: Earthquakes, Land Subsidence, Coastal Hazards, and Emergency Response Volume6:AdvancesinEngineeringGeology:Education,SoilandRockProperties,Modeling Participants of this joint meeting had the option to submit either a full paper or only an abstract. The editors would like to thank the authors for their valuable contributions. One hundred eighty-six full papers were submitted for the review, and 153 papers successfully completed the process. Each paper submitted for the proceedings was peer-reviewed by two reviewers. Authors revised their papers in accordance with reviewers’ comments. The reviewers, from across the globe, included professional experts as well as authors of other papers. The editors greatly appreciate the help provided by reviewers. A list of reviewers follows. The editors are also very grateful to Karen Smith and Paisley Cato for their assistance throughout the review process. Kent, OH, USA Abdul Shakoor San Bernardino, CA, USA Kerry Cato 2018 v Organization General Meeting Chairs Sarah Kalika, Cornerstone Earth Group Gary Luce, Resource Concepts, Inc. Coralie Wilhite, United States Army Corps of Engineers Field Course Chairs Chase White, California Geological Survey Drew Kennedy, Sage Engineers IAEG Planning Committee Heads Scott Burns, Portland State University Jeffrey R. Keaton, Wood Proceedings Editors Abdul Shakoor, Kent State University Kerry Cato, Cato Geoscience, Inc./California State University, San Bernardino Editorial Assistants Karen Smith, Kent State University Paisley Cato, Cato Geoscience, Inc. Short Course Chairs E. Morley Beckman, Kleinfelder Byron Anderson, Kleinfelder Chrissey Villeneuve, Shannon & Wilson, Inc. Technical Program Committee Abdul Shakoor, Kent State University Kerry Cato, Cato Geoscience, Inc./California State University, San Bernardino William Godwin, Consulting Geologist Sarah Kalika, Cornerstone Earth Group Symposium Chairs Robert E. Tepel, Retired Professional Geologist and Certified Engineering Geologist Brian H. Greene, United States Army Corps of Engineers Donald Bruce, Geosystems, L.P. Holly Nichols, California Department of Water Resources Keith Turner, Colorado School of Mines Fred Baynes, Consulting Engineering Geologist Kevin McCoy, Colorado Geological Survey vii viii Organization Hilary Whitney, Environmental Resources Management Michelle Sneed, United States Geological Survey Thomas Oommen, Michigan Technological University Julien Waeber, AECOM Ed Medley, Consulting Geological Engineer Mark Bailey, Asbestos TEM Labs Atiye Tugrul, Istanbul University, Avcilar Campus, Turkey Lindsay Swain, Dudek Ike Isaacson, Brierley Associates Mike Piepenburg, Aldea Services, LLC Bruce Hilton, Kleinfelder Anne Rosinski, California Geological Survey Steve Parry, Parry Engineering Geological Services Jan Novotny, Ceska Geologicka Sluzba, Czech Republic Xiaolei Liu, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering (Ocean University of China), China Field Course Leaders and Contributors William Godwin, Consulting Geologist William McCormick, Kleinfelder Bradley Erskine, Kleinfelder Marina Mascorro, Langan Frank Rollo, Rollo & Ridley John Egan, Sage Engineers Ken Johnson, WSP John Wallace, Cotton, Shires and Associates, Inc. Ryan Seelbach, Geosyntec Tom Barry, California Department of Conservation, Division of Oil, Gas and Geothermal Resources John Wakabayashi, Fresno State University Greg Stock, Yosemite National Park Janet Sowers, Fugro Jim Lienkaemper, United States Geological Survey Keith Kelson, United States Army Corps of Engineers Carol Prentice, United States Geological Survey Gordon Seitz, California Department of Conservation Chris Madugo, Pacific Gas & Electric Company Mike Jewett, Miller Pacific Engineers Ray Sullivan, San Francisco State University George Ford, Geosyntec Wayne Akiyama, APTIM Ryan Coe, Terracon Kate Zeiger, AECOM John Murphy, California State Water Resources Control Board Jennifer Gomez, Syar Industries Mike George, BGC Engineering Nick Sitar, University of California, Berkeley Peter Holland, California Geological Survey Chris Hundemer, C2earth Jake Hudson, Holdrege & Kull/NV5 Shane Cummings, Holdrege & Kull/NV5 Chris Hitchcock, InfraTerra Roxanne Renedo, BSK Associates Tim Dawson, California Department of Conservation Organization ix Margaret Doolittle, Kleinfelder Kevin Clahan, Lettis Consultants Donald Wells, AMEC/Foster Wheeler Jennifer Dean, California State Water Resources Control Board Felix Desperrier, Lettis Consultants Karen Grove, San Francisco State University Guest Tour Chairs Alice Tepel Linda Upp Publicity Committee Nathan Saraceno, DiGioia Gray & Associates Courtney Johnson, Sage Engineers Maggie Parks, ENGEO Sponsorship Chair Courtney Johnson, Sage Engineers Technical Session Editing Bill Yu, Case Western Reserve University Guidebook App Clayton Johnson, Golder Associates Nathan Saraceno, DiGioia Gray & Associates Fed IGS Jean-Louis Briaud, Texas A&M University K-12 Teacher Workshop Cynthia Pridmore, California Geological Survey Special Event E. Morley Beckman, Kleinfelder AEG Meeting Manager Heather Clark, Association of Environmental & Engineering Geologists AEG Headquarters AMR Management List of Reviewers David Abbott, USA Biljana Abolmasov, Serbia Okechukwu Aghamelu, Nigeria M. Farooq Ahmed, Pakistan Paolo Allasia, Italy Priyanthi Amarasinghe, USA Sofia Anagnostopoulou, Greece Pedro Andrade, Portugal Luis Bacellar, Brazil Marco Baldo, Italy Elizabeth Beckman, USA Zbigniew Bednarczyk, Poland Eduardo Bergillos Navarro, Spain David Bieber, USA Candan BíLen, Turkey Andrée Blais-Stevens, Canada Peter Bobrowsky, Canada Nana Bolashvili, Georgia James Borchers, USA Anika Braun, Germany Stephanie Briggs, USA Luke Brouwers, United Arab Emirates Brian Bruckno, USA Matthias Brugger, Germany Fintan Buggy, Ireland Domenico Calcaterra, Italy Michael Carpenter, USA Kerry Cato, USA Andrea Cevasco, Italy Hannah Chapella, USA Xiaoli Chen, China Sibonakaliso Chiliza, South Africa Jeff Coe, USA Mike Collins, USA Brian Conway, USA Jasper Cook, UK Isabela Coutinho, Brazil John Cripps, UK Balázs Czinder, Hungary Ranjan Kumar Dahal, Nepal Jerome De Graff, USA Rachael Delaney, USA Artem Demenev, Russia xi xii ListofReviewers Diego Di Martire, Italy Matthys Dippenaar, South Africa Angelo Doglioni, Italy Anastasia Dorozhko, Russia Peter Ellecosta, Germany Selman Er, Turkey Olga Eremina, Russia Georg Erharter, Austria Moises Failache, Brazil Andrew Farrant, UK Zhen Feng, China Clark Fenton, New Zealand Maria Ferentinou, South Africa Kenneth Fergason, USA Isabel Fernandes, Portugal Paz Fernandez, Spain Mohammad Feruj Alam, Bangladesh Phil Flentje, Australia Yannis Fourniadis, UK Edwin Friend, USA Irina Galitskaya, Russia George Gaprindashvili, Georgia George Gardner, USA Jesus Garrido Manrique, Spain Eldon Gath, USA Ben Gilson, UK Daniele Giordan, Italy William Godwin, USA Robert Goldsmith, Australia Dick Gray, USA Brian Greene, USA James Hamel, USA Hans-Balder-Havenith, Belgium Greg Hempen, USA Egerton Hingston, South Africa Peter Hudec, Canada Matthew Huebner, USA Maria Ingunza, Brazil Upali De Silva Jayawardena, Sri Lanka Filipe Jeremias, Portugal Brendon Jones, South Africa Frank Jordan, USA Kumud Raj Kafle, Nepal Sarah Kalika, USA Efstratios Karantanellis, Greece Ekaterina Karfidova, Russia Hamza Karrad, Algeria Heiko Käsling, Germany Brian Katz, USA Katerina Kavoura, Greece Andrey Kazeev, Russia Jeffrey Keaton, USA Klaus-Peterkeilig, Germany Alexey Kindler, Russia Matheus Klein Flach, Brazil
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