i SISTERHOOD STANDS AGAINST PATRIARCHY IN ANITA DIAMANT'S THE RED TENT A

114 Pages·2017·2.25 MB·Indonesian

by  Yosafat Barona

PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

SISTERHOOD STANDS AGAINST PATRIARCHY IN ANITA
DIAMANT’S THE RED TENT

A THESIS

Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement to Obtain the Magister
Humaniora (M. Hum.) in English Language Studies

by
Maria Angelia
Student Number: 156332038

THE GRADUATE PROGRAM OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE STUDIES
SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY
YOGYAKARTA
2017

i
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
ATIIESIS
SISTERHOOD STANDS AG{NST PATRIARCHY IN ANITA DIAMANT'S
THE RED TENT
{*
q"i,'-n{
[?o.
Patrisius Mutiara Andalrs. SJ.. S"S.. S,T.D.
Thesis Advisor August 2r2Al7
11
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
A TIIESIS
SISTERIIOOD STAF{DS AGAINST PATRIARCI{Y IN AhtITA
I}IAMANT'S THE RED TENT
by
Maria Angelia
Student Number: 156332038
was defended in front of the Thesis Committee
and declared acceptable
Thesis Committees
Chairperson Paulus Sarwoto, Ph.D
Secretary Dra. Novita Dewi, M.S., M.A., (Hons.), Ph.D.
Member Dr. G. Fajar Sasmita Aji, M. Hum.
Member Pahisius MutiaraAndalas, S.J., S.S., S.T.D
Yogyakart4 August 16, 2017
The Graduate Program Director
University
/
Dr. Gregorius Budi Subanar, S.J.
lll
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
MOTTO

There is a crack in everything, that’s how the light gets in – Leonard Cohen
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
STATEMENT OF' WORK ORIGINALITY
This is to certify that all ideas, phrases, sentences, unless otherwise stated,
are the ideas, and sentences of the thesis writer. The writer understands the full
consequences including degree cancellation if she took somebody else's ideas,
phrases, or sentences without proper references.
Yogyakarta, August 2, 2017
Maria Angelia
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETAJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH
UNTUK KEPENTINGAN AKADEMIS
Yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini, saya mahasiswa Universitas Sanata Dharma:
Nama : Maria Angelia
NIM
: 156332038
Demi pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan, saya memberikan kepada perpustakaan
Sanata Dharma karya ilmiah saya yang bedudul:
SISTERHOOD STANDS AGAINST PATRIARCHY IN ANITA
DIAMANT'S THE RED TENT
beserta perangkat yang diperlukan (bila ada). Dengan demikian saya memberikan
kepada Perpustakaan Universitas Sanata Dharma hak untuk menyimpan,
mengalihkan dalam bentuk media lain, mengelolanya dalam bentuk pangkalan
data, mendisribusikan secara terbatas, dan mempublikasikannya di internet atau
media lain untuk kepentingan akademis tanpa perlu meminta ijin dari saya
maupun memberikan royalty kepada saya selama tetap mencantumkan nama saya
sebagai penulis.
Demikian pernyataan ini yang saya buat dengan sebenarnya.
Dibuat di Yogyakarta
Pada tanggal: 2 Agustus 2017
kan
Maria Angelia
VI
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Glory be to the Almighty, my Jesus Christ and Mother Mary for making
my thesis complete. I deliver my first gratitude to my thesis advisor Patrisius
Mutiara Andalas, S.J., S.S., S.T.D. and my lecturers in English Literature major
Dra. Novita Dewi, M.S., M.A., (Hons.), Ph.D. and Paulus Sarwoto, Ph.D. Your
friendly guidance, patience and advice help and encourage me to finish this thesis
well. I also show my deepest gratitude to my mother, my sister and my brothers
who have been supporting me through all forms of encouragement.
My sincere gratitude goes to other lecturers in English Language Studies
Department: Prof. Soepomo Poedjosoedarmo, Dr. Emmanuel Sunarto, M. Hum.,
Dr. J. Bismoko, Dr. Fr. Alip, M. A., F.X. Mukarto, Ph.D., Dr. B.B. Dwijatmoko,
M.A., and Dr. Haryatmoko, S.J.
I would like to say thank to Mbak Marni, Pak Mul and other members of
KBI secretariat for their help and support. In addition, my gratitude also goes to
my classmates in literature class batch 2015: Mbak Sophia for her wise advice and
friendship; Laksmi, Ludmila, Sabrina, Anna, Feby and Wibi for the solidarity and
suggestion. My friends in KBI: Maxy, Gaby, Festri, Yosa, Chrisda, Marshal,
Ratna, Rifki, Prisil, Darma, Dita, Dea, Mbak Sari, Vero, Alfa, Dewi, Vita, Atta,
Mas Indra, Mas Adit and Mbak Mel for suggestion and support. Finally, I thank
my best friends S.K. Pospos, Dana McNally and Angely; Pak Dino, Ka Dina,
Dian, Mala and Mbak Susi; Mbak Iren and Mas Anton for assiting me to find
some supporting data for my thesis, give suggestion and comfort during my study.

vii
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER PAGE ........................................................................................................ i
APPROVAL PAGE ................................................................................................ ii
ACCEPTANCE PAGE .......................................................................................... iii
MOTTO ................................................................................................................. iv
STATEMENT OF WORK ORIGINALITY ............................................................ v
LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH
UNTUK KEPENTINGAN AKADEMIS .............................................................. vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .................................................................................... vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ..................................................................................... viii
ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................. x
ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................. xi

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ............................................................................. 1
1.1 Background of the Study .................................................................................... 1
1.2 Problem Formulation ......................................................................................... 7
1.3 Benefit of the Study ........................................................................................... 8
1.4 Thesis Outline .................................................................................................... 9

CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW .............................................................. 10
2.1 Review of Related Studies ............................................................................... 10
2.2 Review of Related Theories ............................................................................. 17
2.2.1 Patriarchy ...................................................................................................... 18
2.2.1.1 Ancient Israel Patriarchy ............................................................................ 21
2.2.1.1.1 Birthright ................................................................................................. 24
2.2.1.1.2 Polygamy ................................................................................................ 26
2.2.1.1.3 Circumcision ........................................................................................... 29
2.2.2 Feminism and Sisterhood .............................................................................. 30
2.2.2.1 Feminist movement .................................................................................... 30
2.2.2.2 Jewish Feminism Movement and Jewish Sisterhood ................................. 32
2.2.2.3 Sisterhood ................................................................................................... 35
2.2.2.3.1 Sisterhood by Robin Morgan, bell hook and Tingting Qi ....................... 36
2.2.2.4 Mother and daughter relationship .............................................................. 40

viii
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
ix

CHAPTER III: SISTERHOOD STANDS AGAINST PATRIACHAL MODE OF
PRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 42
3.1 Polygamy ......................................................................................................... 43
3.2 Sisterhood to fight against the patriarchal mode of production ....................... 49

CHAPTER IV ........................................................................................................ 70
SISTERHOOD CHALLENGES MALE VIOLENCE .......................................... 70
5.1 Birthright .......................................................................................................... 70
5.2 Circumcision .................................................................................................... 75
5.3 Sisterhood fights against male violence ........................................................... 79
5.4 Dinah‟s Reconciliation ..................................................................................... 86

CHAPTER V: CONCLUSIONS ........................................................................... 88
Bibliography ........................................................................................................... 97

ix
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

ABSTRACT

Angelia, Maria. Sisterhood Stands against Patriarchy in Anita Diamant’s The
Red Tent. Yogyakarta: English Language Studies of Graduate Program, Sanata
Dharma University. 2017.

This thesis accentuates the pivotal role of sisterhood by examining
solidarity among several women characters in Anita Diamant‟s The Red Tent
(2007) to challenge the Ancient Jewish patriarchy. It analyzes the form of
sisterhood before challenges of the patriarchal mode of production and male
violence. Those are instilled through patriarchal culture, which differentiates
position of women and men in the society. Therefore, two research questions are
formulated: (1) How does sisterhood stand against the patriarchal mode of
production? (2) How does sisterhood resist male violence?
Challenging the patriarchy, this thesis applies sisterhood theories by bell
hooks, Robin Morgan and Tingting Qi. Their sisterhood zests are cohesive in
bringing sisterhood goes across culture and social background even though they
apply different terms. hooks and Morgan prefer term of solidarity, while Tingting
Qi‟s term is empathy. To see the forms of patriarchy in the society, this thesis
employs three out of six patriarchal structures proposed by Sylvia Walby, i.e.,
patriarchal culture, patriarchal mode of production and male violence. The thesis
connects them with the research of patriarchy studied by Gerda Lerner.
The thesis shows that sisterhood is there to fight against patriarchal culture
in the form of polygamy and birthright. The patriarchal culture leads to women‟s
oppression in the patriarchal mode of production and male violence. The four
mothers and Dinah find comfort and power in their sisterhood to resist children‟s
gender preference and division of work. The four mothers go hands in hands to
break the exploitation of women as a media of production in the family. They also
count on each other during the daily affliction as women, mothers and daughter.
Finally, the sisterhood also empowers Dinah to stand for herself after her
brothers‟ violence due to jealousy of the birthright. The story of Dinah in the
Genesis showing her as a victim is turned into a story of a skillful and
independent midwife through Dinah‟s friend, Meryt. The presence of Werenro
also brings Dinah to accept her true identity and reconnect to her memory with her
mothers.
Keywords: sisterhood, patriarchal culture, patriarchal mode of production, male
violence, solidarity.
x