i Centro de Documentacion sobre Alimentacion Infantil y Nutricion Materna Clearinghouse on

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i
Centro de Documentacion
sobre Alimentacion
Infantil
y Nutricion Materna
Clearinghouse
on Infant
Feeding
and Maternal
Nujtrition
Centre de documentation
sur la nourriture du
nouveau-ne
et la
nutrition de la mere
AMERICAN PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOCIATION
Internationai Health Programs
1015 Fifteenth Street, NW
Washington, DC 20005 USA
Clearinghouse on Centre de Centro de
Infant Feeding and documentation sur la Documentaci6n sobre
Maternal Nutrition nourriture du Alimentacion Infantil y
nouveau-ne et la Nutricion Materna
nutrition de la mere
Submitted to:
Office of Nutrition

Agency for International Development

From:
American Public Health Association

1015 15th Street, N.W.

Washington, D.C. 20005

Clearinghouse on Infant Feeding and

Maternal Nutrition

Project 931-1010
Final Project Report

September 1979 - May 1985
July 12, 1985

AMERICAN PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOCIATION * INTERNATIONAL HEALTH PROGRAMS * lOIS FIFTEENTH ST, N.W. WASHINGTON. D.C. 20005, USA "- ,
CONTENTS

Project Overview/Purpose

Advisory Board
2

"Kothers and Children"
3

Editorial Policy and Contents
4

Readership

8

Distribution

ii

Reader Surveys
13

Clearinghouse on Infant Feeding and

Maternal Nutrition
19

Acquisitions
21

Information Services
22

Legislative Report
23

Utilization
25

Special Activities
27

Regional Informatioa Centers
30

Appendices

"Mothers and Children" Volume I-IV

"Mothers and Children" Subject Index

Advisory Board Minutes

Reader Surveys

Clearinghouse Periodicals

Clearinghouse Thesaurus

Clearinghouse Ribliographies

INCAP Regional Clearinghouse Keywords

"Suplemento sobre nutricion materno-infantil,

lactancia v destete"
Tables

Newsletter Distribution by Region (1984)

Clearinghouse Dissemination (1984)

Responses to Second Reader Survey by Type of Work

Responses to Second Reader Survey by Job Title
ClearinqhousE3 on
Infant Feeding and Maternal Nutrition

American Public Health Association

Project 931-1010

Final Project Report

September 1979 - May 1985

Purpose:

The Clearinghouse on Infant Feeding and Maternal Nutrition was

established with funding from the Office of
Nutrition, Ageniy for

International Development, September 30,
1979. The purpose of the project

is twofold: to improve access to information and materials on child and

maternal nutrition for developing country health and nutrition

practitioners and policymakers and thereby help them implement more

relevant and effective programs and policies to
improve maternal and child

nutrition. The Clearinghouse project is part of a larger Office of

Nutrition effort that includes technical assistance, training, surveys on

infant feeding practices, production of weaning foods, nutrition education

and support to non-governmental organizations.

The specific activities of the Clearinghouse are:

o To establish a clearinghouse specializing in information on

both the technical and programmatic aspects of

breastfeeding, infant and child feeding;
maternal nutrition,

and training and legislation.

o To publish a newsletter on these topics, 3 times a year in

English, French, and Spanish.

This report will summarize the Clearinghouse activities during the

contract period from September 1979 through May 15,
1985. The information

has been synthesized
from project reports and documents, and focuses on

program activities including:

Project Advisory Boarl

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'Mothers and Childtenx newsletter

Clearinghouse on
Infant Feeding and Maternal Nutrition

infoemation services.

This report will discuss these activities from the start-up phase to

the project conclusion.
In developing these activities, a special effort

was made to benefit from the lessons of other
information projects and to

piggyback on
existing activities where appropriate. For some of the

activities an incremental approach was adopted.
For example, the

Clearinghouse information
services were built gradually and expanded based

on expressed need from the
field and Clearinghouse capability to respond.

The project also relied
on feedback from the field in developing program

activities.

Advisory Board

An Advisory Board was
formed in 1980, members were selected from

recommendations of
the Office of Nutrition, AID, APHA and

nutrition/primary health
care experts in
the field. The members of the

Board are: Micheline Beaudry-Darisme, Ecole de nutrition et
d'etudes

familiales, University of Moncton, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada; Roy

Brown, Department of Community Medicine, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical

Center, Paterson,
New Jersey, Ranjit K. Chandra, Memorial University of

Newfoundland, St. John's Newfoundland, Canada; Carlos H. Daza, Pan

American Health Organization, Washington, D.C., Guillermo Herrera, Harvard

University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Abraham Horwitz, Committee on

iqternational Nutrition, National Academy of Sciences, WashingtDn, D.C.,

Stephen C. Joseph, UNICEF, New York,
New York, Olivia Mgaza, Tanzania Food

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Nutrition Center, Dar es
Salaam, Tanzania, Barbara Underwood, National Eye

Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, Joe Wray, Columbia University, New York,

New York.

This Advisory Board plus representatives from the Office of
Nutrition,

regional bureaus and offices, and APHA staff provided direction and

technical guidance for the project.

The Advisory Board
met three times during the contract: March 1980,

April 1982, and June 1984. The Board role evolved over the life of the

contract. During the first year of
the project, the Board provided

guidance and feedback on the editorial policy of the newsletter and made

recommendations concerning
the scope of information activities of the

Clearinghouse. Specifically,
this included assisting in the development

of an editorial policy, determining focus and scope of newsletter coverage

and criteria for selection of topics.
Once the main policy issues were

agreed upon, the Board has been
more involved in reviewing and evaluating

project activities and planning future activities. Discussions were held

at the 1982 and 1984 meetings concerning the scope of work and if it

should be modified or expanded. Summaries of all
the Advisory Board

meetings are
included in Appendix 1. Further discussion of their

involvement is included in the
specific sections on the Clearinghouse and

"Mothers and Children'.

"Mothers and Chilaren" Bulletin on Infant Feeding and Maternal

Nutrition.

In recent years,
there has been increased worldwide concern about

infant
feeding practices and maternal nutrition. At the same time,

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there has been a tremdendous increase in the amount of
research,

number of
programs, and published information.
Much of this research

and information is not widely disseminated or available.

"Mothers and Children" was started to provide this information to

the field.
The target audience for the publication includes health

practitioners, nutritionists, planners and policy makers, project

personnel, and interested organizations. The newsletter covers all

aspects of child and materr~al
nutrition including information on

research, programs, legislation and policies and education materials.

The Advisory Board, AID and APHA developed an editorial policy

for the publication. This editorial policy served as
the framework

for the publication and reflects the overall goal of the newsletter:

to promote a better understanding of infant feeding and maternal

nutrition; and to
improve the feeding practices and nutritional status

of mothers and children. The following topics are the basis of the

editorial policy:

1. Balance:

The publication should be strongly supportive of

breastfeeding, improving maternal
nutrition, and appropriate

weaning practices.

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2. Regional Coverage.

A balance of
information from third world and industrialized

countries should be presented. Research from developing

countries can serve as
models for other countries and will

enable practitioners to know what other countries are

doing. Research from industrialized countries should not be

ignored, however, because there are important applications

for third world countries, and these applications should be

stressed.

Coverage of programs and projects should be regionally

balanced.
The Board agreed that it was unlikely that each

reg-ion would be represented in every issue,
but to strive

for a regional balance in every volume (three issues).
To

assist in providing regional coverage, twenty-five

individuals active in
this fieldc were enlisted as

correspondents for the newsletter.
They were selected based

on recommendations from USAID missions, and other

organizations and institutions in the field.
"Mothers and

Children* correspondents are:
G. Barrera, (Colombia); R.

Florentino, (Philippines); M. Gabr, (Egypt);
Y. Hofvander,

(Sweden); D.B. Jelliffe, (USA); E.F.P. Jelliffe, (USA); A.

Kallal, (Tunisia);
H. Kim, (Korea); j. Lambert, (Pakistan);

J. Landman-Bogues, (Jamaica); T.N. Maletnlema, (Tanzania);

A. M. Ndiaye, (Senegal); P. Ngakane, (Lesotho); K. Nkamany,

(Zaire); A. Omolilu, (Nigeria); P. Pushpamma, (India); M.D.

Radigan, (Chile); F. Sai,
(Ghana); J. Urrutia, (Brazil); P.

Soysa, (Sri Lanka); I. Tarwotjo, indonesia; A. Valyaseui.

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3. Style:

Articles for the newsletter should be written in
a style

that will be pertinent and usable to
a large proportion of

the readership and are
neither too technical nor too

simple. Broader development issues should be emphasized.

Infant feeding and maternal nutrition should be discussed in

terms of integrated development activities. Since many of

the government ministries receiving the newsletter may be

only tangentially interested in nutrition, programs

affecting nutritional status should be presented in a way

that is relevant to them.

4. Format:

Originally, the newsletter
was to have been in two separate

sections: a medical section containing research summaries

and technical articles on maternal and
infant nutrition and

a program section on programs and legislation. To improve

the overall impact of the information, the program and

technical sections were merged.

5. Focus and contents:

If possible each issue should have an
article on

breastfeeding, child feeding and weaning.
There was not a

rigid percentage of page space for each subject but coverage

should be fairly evenly balanced over each volume (3

issues). The newsletter should not be primarily a

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publication on breastfeeding with limited coverage of the

other areas.
One of the major purposes of the newsletter is

to stress the equal importance of breastfeeding, child

feeding/weaning and maternal nutrition.

The recommended subject distribution for each issue was:

25% - breastfeeding

25% - child feeding weaning

25% - maternal nutrition

25% - related issues

Articles on
programs and projects are to be coordinated with

the technical section where possible. For example, an issue

with an article on the towered incidence of diarrhea in a

hospital with a rooming-in policy also included an article

on implementing a rooming-in policy.
Appendix 2 provides a

subject breakdown of the articles in
the 12 issues published

to date. Related topics which nave received coverage

include diarrhea and oral rehydration therapy, legislation,

growth monitoring, supolementary feeding, health and

nutrition educational materials, and women and nutrition.

(Appendix 3 includes a complete set of the issues of the

newsletter.)

The third issue of
every volume is to include an insert on

nutrition education materials. These materials are

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