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Hypoxis baiTipsicLTicL subsp. tomentosci, a New African Taxon of Hypoxidaceae Justyna Wiland-Szymanska Department of Plant Taxonomy, A. Mickiewicz University, Ul. Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; and Missouri Botanical Garden, P.0. Box 299, St. Louis, Missouri 63166-0299, U.S.a! [email protected] Abstract. A description of Hypoxis bampsiana Wi- ana, and the new H. bampsiana subsp. tomentosa land (Hypoxidaceae) is extended, and a new subspe¬ Wiland. cies, H. bampsiana subsp. tomentosa Wiland, is Shape and size of leaves are characters often used described from the Dzalanyama Forest Reserve in for the identification of taxa within Hypoxis. Unfortu¬ Malawi (also distributed from the Democratic Repub¬ nately, in many species of this genus the shape of the lic of Congo and Tanzania). It differs from H. lamina, as well as its size, depends on the age of a bampsiana subsp. bampsiana in the indumentum plant. In such a case, further characters have to be dispersed on the whole leaf blade and in the num] ;r used for determination of species. In Hypoxis, of leaf veins. Ranges of both subspecies are almost cataphylls—smaller outer leaves—often appear to- allopatric except at the Kundelungu Platf the gether with inflorescences. Therefore, only the inner, Democratic Republic of Congo where they well-developed leaves should be taken into consider¬ Red List. , Hypoxidaceae, Hypoxis, IUCN saptieocni,e sb. eAinlsgo , mthuec hn ummobreer ovfa vrieaibnlse vianr iessh bapetew ebeentw taexena of Hypoxis and is a useful taxonomic character. Hypoxis bampsiana Wiland was described from the The indumentum is one of the more important Democratic Republic of Congo and Zambia (Wiland, characters that distinguishes species of Hypoxis, and 1997). Its known distribution was limited to the I it is often used in keys (Nordal et al., 1985; Zimudzi, Kundelungu Plateau in the Democratic Republic of 1996; Wiland-Szymanska, 2001). Distribution of the Congo and Ndola in Zambia. In a treatment of Hypoxis leaf indumentum differs between the two subspecies L. for the areas of Flora Zambesiaca (Malawi, described. In H. bampsiana subsp. tomentosa, the Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and Botswana), indumentum is dispersed on the whole leaf lamina, based on the study of herbarium collections, Nordal but it is absent on the ventral surface of leaves of and Zimudzi (2001) regarded two specimens from subspecies bampsiana. Both taxa possess the same Malawi as belonging to H. bampsiana, because of the trichome type. It is noteworthy that in the herbarium shape of their leaves and seed testa sculpture. the indumentum of H. bampsiana is always golden or However, these specimens differ from typical H. reddish golden, whereas field notes on the herbarium bampsiana by having an indumentum present on both sheets of subspecies tomentosa (Pawek 4142, K, MAL; sides of the leaf lamina. A plant similar to the Brummit et al. 16080, K, MAL) indicate the specimens from Zambia was also collected in indumentum to be gray. Unfortunately, no description Tanzania (Bullock 2045, K), but no scientific name of the indumentum color of subspecies bampsiana was was attributed to it (Nordal et ah. 1985). Moreover, available for living plants; however, the possibility of several plants from the Democratic Republic of Congo a similar change in color during drying should be show congruent morphological characters with the considered. specimens mentioned above; however, they were not Field observations suggest that tuber color should included in a treatment of the genus Hypoxis for the be taken into consideration as a useful morphological latter area because of their uncertain taxonomic character. The color of the tuber tissue of subspecies position (Wiland-Szymanska, 2001). Further evalua¬ tomentosa has been described as white (Pawek 4142) tion of the herbarium materials has led me to and looks to be so on most of the other herbarium conclude that the description of H. bampsiana needs sheets. This is a character shared with Hypoxis goetzei to be amplified. Moreover, the morphological varia¬ Harms, but it needs further evaluation in the field. tion among the collections and their pattern of Therefore, all collectors are encouraged to collect distribution suggests the recognition of two distinct specimens of Hypoxidaceae with tubers and to add a subspecies: a typical H. bampsiana subsp. bampsi- description of their flesh color (white, yellow, or doi: 10.3417/2006019 Novon 18: 269-274. Published on 22 May 2008. 270 Novon orange) seen just after cutting. When exposed to air, it different species. So far, plant materials of this taxon always changes rapidly to brown, sometimes becoming have been determined in various herbaria as the bluish, and the color does not persist in the herbarium Central and East African H. goelzei or the South or pickled plant material. African H. multiceps Buchinger, and finally as H. The geographic ranges of both subspecies are bami s These three species indeed look similar to almost allopatric (Fig. 1). Subspecies bampsiana each other in the herbarium due to their large occurs in the western part of a range of Hypoxis elliptical leaves that are abruptly acuminate and bampsiana, where it is endemic to the Upper Katanga often hooked at the apex. They are covered with tufted and the Copperbelt Province in Zambia. Subspecies trichomes. However, they do differ in several other tomentosa is much more widespread, reaching as far characters (see Table 1). east as Malawi and Tanzania. Both subspecies are Morphological and biometric studies were conduct¬ present on the Kundelungu Plateau, but a lack of ed on 19 specimens from the following herbaria: BR, precise collection sites makes it impossible to K, POZG. Flowers from herbarium specimens were determine whether they are sympatric or not. boiled in water or softened with Pohl’s softening agent A detailed description of both subspecies will (Pohl, 1965) for morphological analysis under a hopefully help to avoid future incorrect determina¬ dissecting microscope. Leaf veins were counted under tions of Hypoxis bampsiana subsp. tomentosa as a a light microscope. Trichomes were taken from boiled 2V0o0lu8m e 18, Number 2 WNeiwla nAdf-rSiczaynm Taarixsokna of Hypoxidaceae 273 Brummitt, R. M. Polhill & E. A. Banda 16080 agriculture are threats for this taxon. The last (holotype, K; isotype, MAL). Figures 1, 2, 3. collection available for this study was made in Folia utrinque tomentosa, externa nervis 18 ad 49, interna 1982. p2ne5err ivcgmios n 1il7io nasedgg i6;m 7e.p neIntraifg lo(i rescentia 4- ad 9-flora; scapi 3 ad 8,11- NyOikbas ePrvlaattieoanus . in OMnael awai d(dPitaiwoneakl 48s0p,e cMimAeLn) seferomms to belong to this taxon; however, because only a photocopy of this specimen was available, it is not Tuber ca. 6 X 2.8-5.5 cm. Outer leaves 3 to 4, included with the paratypes. 3.5- 20 X (1.2-)2-4 cm; lamina tomentose on both ns1ie3dr.ev5sa-,t i4no6enr vXoaf t(1i8o7-n )t 1oo4 f6 -7158 7v temoin m4s.9; Slvacmeaipninessa; 3tion tmnoe e8rn ,tl oe1as1ev- eb2si5 f3 ac ctmioa ll5Xy, , S2H yakmPmuaotr e-anKEtsy ap8tfea2rson6.m g7a (:DLP SEOu.oM ZLnGOdis)eCo,, w RMsSAko. Tin 8ItL C5iKs 7oa0wmR (sEpPkiPOil,iU ZkBFwG.L)e ;,I MCM3 aaklraOmuinsF sgN euN CP&WOla N tfJeGr.ao-OJum.,. 2—4 mm. Inflorescences 4- to 9-flowered; bracts 0.9- Kionta, 5. Lisowski, F. Malaisse & J.-J. Symoens 8574 721-.85v emcinmme; d X;o u ti2en-rn 4et ermp amtles,p aotlhvsea teol,ov waatceeus,t t e3c, -uv1se3pi-ind1ea5dt e; X, p ec1da2i.c -1e5l 5sm m3X-, LC(7P2uhO7aimZ8la Gpl(ay)P,;a O i5S ZV.a GkiLe)a;wi nsK,oi awcu asnZ.kd oi6e n6le7u ,5nk 5gmS8uE B S P fWrl(oaP mtoOefa Z MuNG,a z)m3.u zoMkupm, AaJ l.LaW ,AP aSWfw.r oIeL.m kis M4oPw1oz4issmkt2ei b(BdKae:-, 7-8 mm, 5- or 6-veined; stamens 6 mm; filaments MAL). TANZANIA. Ufipa: Chapota, open country at top of 42..55 -m 7m m; man; tohvearsry f 4u-s6ed X o 3r -s4li gmhmtly; setymlea r2g-in3a tme ma,t satpigemx,a 3sc4a4r4p ,p A.p. .A (.K B).u llock 2045 (K); Sumbawanga, H. M. Richards free, with 3 unequal triangular lobes. Capsule obconical, Acknowledgments. I would like to address my thanks to the curators and workers of BR and K herbaria for their help and hospitality. I offer special thanks to Inger Nordal for her valuable help. I am very 2esun0be0IUds1p )C(.. N NTtToh )me Rareecen cdtaoo rrsedaL i sinessghtv oetonuc l aIdktU engbCooewN rny cR .o pneodspHi duLyelipasroteti xdoci nrsNi st eedbraiiarsam t Tr(iIphbUsruieCataeNntd¬a, rtsSghecrcseiaiee etneanafrtcnuicfeolhi cn t Rypowm reooVsojreekuiacc srtwt oc. rahriIes al vl fCuiiCenso.wta mrneHamcrtoi eoilldtlnoto esrfwe r oewtmlhilene, r fieDru 2 nde0cder0oas 3 mwSo-nnm2fi 0jtebmh0nye6at sn PK ,oa iTslnai nghshdaae far apart. Although no information concerning this Gawronska and Marcin Matuszczak. A base for the tthaxaot ni’ts mmigehdti cbine atla kuesnes asw aas sauvbasitliatubtlee , foitr oist hpeor smsiobrlee Pdilsatnrtiabruutmio n Amfriacpa nuwmas” tpaukbelni shferodm b y“ Dthiset riNbuattiioonneasl useful Hypoxis species. An overgrazing of the Garden of Belgium and was redrawn by Maciej grassland ecosystem, tree cutting, soil erosion, and Szymanski. 274