Hypothermia for Acute Brain Damage: Pathomechanism and Practical Aspects PDF
Preview Hypothermia for Acute Brain Damage: Pathomechanism and Practical Aspects
N.Hayashi, R. Bullock, D.W. Dietrich, T. Maekawa,A. Tamura(Eds.) Hypothermia forAcuteBrain Damage Pathomechanismand PracticalAspects N. Hayashi, R. Bullock, D.W. Dietrich, T. Maekawa, A. Tamura (Eds.) Hypothermia for Acute Brain Damage Pathomechanism and Practical Aspects With 136Figures ~ Springer Nariyuki Hayashi, M.D. Professor, Department of Scientific Medicine, Nihon University 30 Oyaguchikamimachi, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan M. Ross Bullock, M.D. Professor, Neurosurgery and Neurointensive Care Unit Medical College of Virginia Hospital of Virginia Commonwealth University P.O. Box 980631, Richmond, VA, USA Dalton W. Dietrich, Ph.D. Distinguished Chair in Neurosurgery, Kinetic Concepts Professor Department of Neurological Surgery, Neurology and Cell Biology and Anatomy University of Miami School of Medicine Scientific Director, The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis Miami, FL, USA Tsuyoshi Maekawa, M.D. Professor, Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Yamaguchi University School of Medicine 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan Akira Tamura, M.D., Ph.D. Professor, Department of Neurosurgery Teikyo University School of Medicine 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan Library of Congress Control Number: 2004109139 ISBN 978-4-431-67967-7 ISBN 978-4-431-53961-2 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-4-431-53961-2 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcast ing, reproduction on microfilms or in other ways, and storage in data banks. The use of registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Product liability: The publisher can give no guarantee for information about drug dosage and appli cation thereof contained in this book. In every individual case the respective user must check its accu racy by consulting other pharmaceuticalliterature. springeronline.com © Springer Japan 2004 Originally published by Springer-Verlag Tokyo in 2004 Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover 1st edition 2004 Typestting: SNP Best-set Typesetter Ltd., Hong Kong SPIN: 10988480 Printed on acid-free paper Preface TheInternational BrainHypothermiaSymposium2004wasthesecond time Ihavehad the honorofopening such agatheringonbrainhypothermiatreatment.Itwasagreatpleasure togreettheparticipantsinthehopethattheir valuablecontributionswouldmaketheTokyo meeting memorable. Brainhypothermiahaslongbeenseenasapromising methodthat mayovercomecurrent limitations onbrain resuscitation inpatients with severebrain damage.However,although excellentresultshavebeen obtainedinexperimentalanimal models,forsome reason brain hypothermiahas not alwaysbeen successfulclinically,and resolvingthis problem hasbeen amajorchallengefacingphysiciansspecializinginbraintherapies.TheICUmanagementof recentresearchhasuncoverednewmechanisms ofbraindamagenotseeninanimalmodels, including brain thermo-pooling at temperatures above 40°C in severe brain damage, masking neuronal hypoxia even with normal cerebral blood flow. Stress-related hyper glycemiawith brain hypothermiawasexpected to generate useful results in patients with external injuries, cerebral occlusivestroke,and cardiac arrest. In recent clinical studies of brainhypothermiatreatment,many excellentresultsbegan being reported on the manage ment of severe brain injury, ischemic stroke, and post-resuscitation after cardiac arrest. However,in clinicalbrain hypothermia treatment many questions remained about appro priate treatment targets, leu management technique,prevention of complications,control ofbrain tissue temperature,management ofhypothermiainsult,and mechanisms underly ingthe onset ofvegetativestates. Thesymposiumcameatan opportunetime to explorethis recent clinicalresearch and I believethat allparticipantsbenefited from the many excellentpresentations and academic discussions onawiderange oftopics.Theseincluded the development ofbasicresearch on hypothermia,newfindingsonbrain-injurymechanisms,advancedtechniques forcontrol of brain tissue temperature, control of the negative effectsof hypothermia, new findings in management methods for persistent vegetation, and proposals for new concepts of brain hypothermiatreatment.Igreatlyenjoyedthe manyacademic papers and the excellentfinal plenarydiscussion byinvited speakers and allparticipants. Forthisbook,averycarefulselectionofpaperswasmadebytheprogramcommittee,and I hope that the increased understanding and knowledge of brain hypothermia treatment brought about by the symposium and this volume of proceedings will contribute to improved careforasmany patients aspossible. Nariyuki Hayashi Tokyo,April19,2004 v Contents Preface V 1. Opening the Doorto Hypothermia Historical Reviewofthe Development of Brain Hypothermia H.L.ROSOMOFF 3 2. Up-to-date Basic Science ofHypothermia AReviewofthe Protective Effectsof Hypothermiaon theAxonaland Vascular PathobiologyAssociated with TraumaticBrain Injury J.T.POVLISHOCK,Y.UEDA,and E.P.WEI ................................. 19 Factors Regulating Hypothermic Protection in Experimental Modelsof Brain Injury W.D. DIETRICH,T.SUZUKI,and H.M.BRAMLETT 24 EffectsofBrain Hypothermiaon Brain Edema FormationAfter Intracerebral Hemorrhagein Rats N.KAWAI,M.KAWANISHI,M.OKAUCHI,and S.NAGAO 29 Hypothermia Prolongs Survival Time ofSeverelySeptic Rats:AStudy Usinga Computer-SupportedMultichannelThermoregulatorySystem S.YAMASHITA,F.COLBOURNE,M.FUJITA,T.INOUE,N.MATSUYAMA, Y.ODA,H.YAMASHITA,S.KASAOKA,K.OKABAYASHI,D.SADAMITSU, and T.MAEKAWA ................. 36 Influence of Hypothermiaon NeuroprotectiveEffectofInhibiting Neurotransmittersand Agonists ofTheir Receptors V.1. KULINSKY,L.N.MINAKINA,T.V.GAVRILINA,5.5.GAVRILOV, T.N.MEDVEDEVA,and G.V.MIKHELSON ................................. 41 3. Development ofBrain HypothermiaTreatment ANewConcept ofBrain HypothermiaTreatmentand Pitfallsin Intensive Care UnitHypothermiaManagement N.HAYASHI 49 VII VIII Contents leu 4. Technique and Management ofBrain Hypothermia IsHypothermia BeneficialbyPreventing Fever? D.W.MARION ................ ..................................... . 79 Management ofInduced Hypothermiainthe IntensiveCareUnit E.M.R.DOPPENBERG and R.BULLOCK 84 MicrodialysisforTimeCourseofExtracellular Glutamatein Poor-Grade Aneurysm Patients:Preliminary Study T.MORIYA,A.SAKURAI,A.UTAGAWA,K.KINOSHITA,and N.HAYASHI 90 MildBrainHypothermiaSuppressesOxygenFreeRadicalsin Patientswith Neuroemergency:AnExVivoElectron SpinResonanceStudy Y.MIHARA,K.DOHl,K.SATOH,H.MORIWAKI,T.KUROKI,Y.MIYAKE, S.SHIODA,and T.ARUGA ............................................. 94 MathematicalAnalysisofExtremity Immersion CoolingforBrainTemperature Management X.Xu,W.SANTEE,1. BERGLUND,and R.GONZALEZ 98 RapidInductionofBrainHypothermiabySelectiveIntra-ArterialPerfusion of Crystalloid Solutionin anAnimalModel M.FURUSE,Y.KINOSHITA,N.ISONO,K.NISHIHARA,T.KUROIWA, M.C.PREUL,and T.OHTA 102 CombinationofForcedAirCooling,CoolingbyCirculatingWaterMattress,and IntravenousBolusInfusion ofIcedSalineIsan Effectiveand SafeTechniquefor InductionofMildHypothermia During CerebralAneurysm Surgery A.M.ZEITLINand A.Y.LOUBNINE 106 AutomaticAir-CoolingIncubating SystemforBrainHypothermiaTreatment H.WAKAMATSUand 1. GAOHUA ....................................... 109 AutomaticTemperature Management Systemin Patientswith MildHypothermia: Three CaseReports Y.SHIMIZU,N.SAKURAI,Y.HOSHIYA,T.SASAKI,M.AGATA, M.MATSUZUKI,K.KINOSHITA,and N.HAYASHI 116 IntraoperativeMildHypothermiain Neurosurgery T.EGUCHI,T.HARA,R.KANAZAWA,Y.SAKATA,A.YAMASHITA, T.KIN,and M.TAKAHASHI 122 TheImportance ofNursing Management inthe Treatment ofBrainHypothermia H.NISHIO,Y.YAMAMOTO,M.MATSUZUKI,K.KINOSHITA,and N.HAYASHI 129 5. Hypothermia Response Moderate HypothermiaAttenuatesthe Endothelium-DependentPialArteriole Dilatation but Notthe Endothelium-IndependentResponsein Rats I.YUZAWA,M.YAMADA,R.TANAKA,and K.FUJII 135 PialMicrocirculation EvaluatedbyClosedCranialWindowMethod 7DaysAfter Impact AccelerationInjury inRats:DoesPost-TraumaticHypothermia Provide Persisting PialVascularProtection? Y.UEDA,E.P.WEI,and J.T.POVLISHOCK ................................. 141 Contents IX 6. Neonate and Pediatric BrainHypothermia Hypothermia FollowingTraumatic BrainInjuryin Children P.D.ADELSON. ..................................................... 147 ClinicalStudyofBrainMagnetic Resonance Imagesin Infants with Brain Hypothermia M.SHIMIZU,H.KIMOTO,and T.OHNO .................................. 158 Studyon BodyTemperature MonitoringDuring BrainHypothermiain Newborn Infants with SevereHypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy K.KOBAYASHI,S.IBARA,H.MARUYAMA,E.KATO,and Y.MARUYAMA 164 Neuropsychological Recoveryin Pediatric Patients with AcuteSubdural Hematoma Treatedwith MildHypothermiaTherapy: Report ofTwoCases S.YOKOBORI,H.TOMITA,O.TONE,M.TAMAKI,Y.SATO,M.NAKABAYASHI, S.INADA,A.KATSUMI,S.SUZAKI,T.YAMAZAKI,H.YOKOTA, and Y.YAMAMOTO. ................................................. 168 AdjunctiveTherapyApplication ofHyperbaric OxygenTherapyinChildren AlreadyTreatedwith MildHypothermiaforDisturbance ofConsciousness H.DOHGOMORI,K.ARIKAWA,H.IWAYA,R.MATSUBAYASHI, I. KUKITA,and Y.KANMURA 174 7. Experimental Research and Clinical Management a. Cerebral Stroke and Hypoxia The Management ofCerebral StrokebyBrainHypothermiaTreatment T.STEINER 181 TheNordic CoolingStrokeStudy-NOCSS.AMulticenter StudyofInduced Mild Hypothermia inAcuteStrokePatients. OngoingClinicalTrial D.}.WEBER and T.S.OLSEN ........................................... 186 Hypothermia in the Therapy ofIschemic Stroke S.SCHWAB 190 CorrelationofHypothermiawith DecreaseofGlutathione Concentrationand TolerancetoCerebral Ischemia L.S.KOLESNICHENKO,V.I.KULINSKY,G.V.SOTNIKOVA,and V.Y. KOVTUN 195 HypothermiaProlongs the ViabilityofIschemic BrainTissueDueto NeuroprotectionLinkedto Redistribution ofOxygenin Brain:Positron Emission Tomography Studyofthe Critical First6hAfterStrokein Pigs M.SAKOH,T.HORI,and A.GJEDDE 200 Neuroprotective EffectsofSelectiveBrainHypothermia (SBH)on Permanent FocalCerebral Ischemia in Rats T.TANIGUCHI,E.MORIKAWA,T.MORI,and T.MATsuI. .................... 204 The EffectsofMildand Deep Hypothermiaon the Neuronal Activityand Energy Metabolism in BrainSlicesInVitro Y.OKADA 208 X Contents Ultra-EarlyInductionofBrainHypothermiafor Patientswith Poor-Grade SubarachnoidHemorrhage H.KOBATA,A.SUGIE,1.NISHIHARA,H.FUKUMOTO,and H.MORITA. ......... 215 BrainTemperature inPatientswith Chronic HydrocephalusAfterSubarachnoid Hemorrhage Y.HIRASHIMA,M.TAKABA,K.YAMASHITA,K.NOGAMI,R.MASUDA, Y.MINO,and S.ENDO 220 TheInfluenceofMildHypothermiaon the IncidenceofVasospasmsin Patients AfterSevereSubarachnoidHemorrhage M.SMRCKA,V.JURAN,R.JURA,R.GAL,and V.SMRCKA .... ................ 225 EvaluationofResultsofTranscranial DopplerUltrasonographyin Postoperative BrainHypothermiaTherapy forSevereCasesofSubarachnoid Hemorrhage K.IKAKuRA,Y.NAoE,A.KITAHASHI,K.ONODERA,M.NAKABAYASHI,A.FUSE, H.SATOH,H.YOKOTA,A.KUROKAWA,and Y.YAMAMOTO ................... 229 BodyTemperature inStroke:Secondary StressPhenomenonor Causal Relationship? T.S.OLSEN,U.J.WEBER,and L.P.KAMMERSGAARD ........................ 234 b. Head Injury ImportantRegionalDifferencesin BrainTissueSusceptibilitytoSecondary DamageAfterTraumatic BrainInjury U.UNGERSTEDT .................................................... 238 ARandomized Controlled TrialofTherapeuticHypothermiainSevere Head-Injured PatientsinJapan:Overviewofthe Protocol T.MAEKAWA,N.HAYASHI,K.OGINO,J.TAKEZAWA,S.NAGAO, Y.OHASHI,S.YAMASHITA,and K.OKABAYASHI ........................... 246 TheUseofMildHypothermiain the Prevention ofSecondary BrainInjury M.SMRCKA,M.VIDLA.K,K.MACA,V.SMRCKA,and R.GAL.................. 251 HypothermiaMayAttenuateNotOnlyInterleukin-6 but alsoMatrix Metalloproteinase-9 ofSystemicand InternalJugularBloodfrom the InflammatoryResponsetoTraumatic BrainInjuryin Humans E.SUEHIRO,H.FUJISAWA,T.AKIMURA,H.ISHIHARA,S.YAMASHITA, T.MAEKAWA,and M.SUZUKI 255 Immune-EnhancingEffectofArginineon PatientswithSevereTraumatic Brain Injuries WhoHaveUndergone TherapeuticBrainHypothermia A.UTAGAWA,A.SAKURAI,K.KINOSHITA,T.MORIYA,and N.HAYASHI 259 Management ofPatientswith Traumatic BrainInjury: HypothermiaTherapy and the ImportanceofTemperature Management H.FUJISAWA,E.SUEHIRO,H.YONEDA,T.AKIMURA, S.YAMASHITA,T.MAEKAWA,and M.SUZUKI ............................. 263 EvaluationofCerebraland SystemicFlow/MetabolismDuring BrainHypothermia Therapy Y.KURODA,K.NITTA,M.OTA,J.OHTO,Y.FUKUTA,T.OKAHISA, T.ABE,and S.OSHITA 267 Contents XI c. Cardiac Arrest NovelPotentialsforEmergencyHypothermia:SuspendedAnimation with Delayed Resuscitationfrom ExsanguinationCardiacArrest P.M.KOCHANEK,S.A.TISHERMAN,S.W.STEZOSKI, A.NOZARI,X.Wu,and P.SAFAR 271 ResuscitativeHypothermiain ComatoseSurvivorsAfterProlonged CardiopulmonaryResuscitation and B-typeNatriureticPeptide fortheAdvanced Challenge K.NAGAO,N.HAYASHI,K.KANMATSUSE,K.KIKUSHIMA, K.WATANABE,and T.MUKOUYAMA 278 SurvivalAfterSubarachnoidHemorrhage UsingBrainHypothermiaAfterRecovery ofSpontaneous Circulation from CardiopulmonaryArrest:ACaseReport K.KUWAMOTO,H.YOKOTA,H.SATO,N.SHIGA,S.YOKOBORI,Y.TAKAYAMA, andY.YAMAMOTO 287 Indication ofBrainHypothermicTherapy in CardiacArrest K.MORI,Y.TAKEYAMA,H.KANO,and Y.ASAI ................. ........... 297 BrainHypothermicTherapyFollowingCardiopulmonaryBypassforCardiac Arrest PatientsWhoDidNotRespondtoAdvancedCardiovascular LifeSupport Y.TAKEYAMA,K.MORI,H.KANO,S.NARA,Y.ITOH,M.HASE,and Y.ASAI ..... 302 AdvancedChallengein ResuscitativeHypothermiain Patientswith CardiacArrest onArrivalatthe EmergencyRoom K.NAGAO,E.NITOBE,K.OKAMOTO,T.MIKI,and N.HAYASHI. .............. 308 InfluenceofBrainHypothermiaon BloodInterleukin-6 Levels on Postresuscitated PatientsAfterCardiacArrest R.ABE,H.HIRASAWA,and S.ODA 315 ChangesofBloodGlutamate Levelsin HypoxicIschemicEncephalopathy Patients Undergoing BrainHypothermia K.KUMAZAWA,S.IBARA,K.KOBAYASHI,T.TOKUHISA,H.MARUYAMA, Y.MAEDE,R.SHIMONO,E.KATO,and Y.MARUYAMA 320 8. Preventing PersistentVegetation PersistentVegetationMeansUnconsciousness?HowtoManageVegetation and Memory Disturbances FollowingSevereBrainDamage N.HAYASHI,T.MORIYA,K.KINOSHITA,A.UTAGAWA,and A.SAKURAI 327 SignificanceofMusico-KineticTherapy for Patientswith Traumatic BrainInjury FollowingTherapeutic Hypothermia Y.SATO,Y.KOBAYASHI,A.YOSHIDA,M.MATSUZUKI, T.MORIYA,T.EBIHARA,R.NODA,and N.HAYASHI. ....................... 343 SubjectIndex 347 1. Opening the Door to Hypothermia
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