Husserl and Intentionality: A Study of Mind, Meaning, and Language

443 Pages·1982·11.919 MB·

by  David Woodruff Smith, Ronald McIntyre (auth.)

HUSSERL AND INTENTIONALITY
A PALLAS PAPERBACK
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DAVID WOODRUFF SMITH
Dept. of Philosophy, University of California, Irvine
and
RONALD McINTYRE
Dept. of Philosophy, California State University, Northridge
HUSSERL AND
INTENTIONALITY
A Study of Mind, Meaning, and Language
D. REIDEL PUBLISHING COMPANY
A MEMBER OF THE KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS GROUP
DORDRECHT/BOSTON/LANCASTER
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Smith, David Woodruff, 1944-
Husser! and intentionality.
(Synthese library; v. 154)
Bibliography: p.
Includes index.
1. Husser!, Edmund, 1859 1938. 2. Intention (Logic)-
History--20th century. 3. Thought and thinking-History-
20th century. 4. Semantics (Philosophy)--History-20th century.
1. McIntyre, Ronald, 1942- II. Title
B3279.H94S55 1982 128'.2 82-9865
ISBN 978-90-277-1730-6 ISBN 978-94-010-9383-5 (eBook)
DOl 10.1007/978-94-010-9383-5
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First published in 1982 in hardbound edition by Reidel
in the series Synthese Library, volume 154
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T ABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS vii
ABBREVIA TIONS ix
PREFACE xi
INTRODUCTION xiii
ANALYTICAL TABLE OF CONTENTS xix
CHAPTER 1/ Intentionality and Intensionality
CHAPTER II / Some Classical Approaches to the Problems ofInten-
tionality and Intensionality 40
CHAPTE R III / Fundamentals of Husserl's Theory of Intentionality 87
CHAPTER IV / Husserl's Theory of Noematic Sinn 153
CHAPTER V / Husserl's Notion of Horizon 227
CHAPTER vI/Horizon-Analysis and the Possible-Worlds Explica-
tion of Meaning 266
CHAPTER VII / Intentionality and Possible-Worlds Semantics 308
CHAPTER VIII / Definite, or De Re, Intention in a Husserlian
Framework 354
BIBLIOGRAPHY 407
INDEX OF NAMES 417
INDEX OF TOPICS 419
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We thank the appropriate parties for their kind permission to quote at some
length, for the purpose of scholarly commentary, from the following works
by Edmund Husserl:
Cartesian Meditations, English translation by Dorion Cairns (Martinus
Nijhoff, The Hague, 1960);
Experience and Judgment (revised and edited by Ludwig Landgrebe),
English translation by James S. Churchill and Karl Ameriks (Northwestern
University Press, Evanston, 1973) (British Commonwealth rights licensed to
Routledge & Kegan Paul, Ltd.);
Ideen zu einer rein en Phiinomenologie und phiinomenologischen Philos
ophie, erstes Buch, herausgegeben von Walter Biemel (Martinus Nijhoff, The
Hague, 1950), quotations being in our own English translations;
Logical Investigations, Volumes One and Two, English translation by J. N.
Findlay (Routledge & Kegan Paul, Ltd., London, 1970) (American rights
licensed to Humanities Press, Inc., Atlantic Highlands, N.J.).
ABBREVIA TIONS
The following abbreviations of Husserl's works are employed in the text.
Translations from Ideas and from works not available in English at the time
of our writing are our own. Otherwise, we have made use of available English
translations, and page references are to these editions. We have sometimes
made translational changes in passages cited from English translations; on
those occasions page references are followed by the notation 'with trans.
changes'.
CM Cartesian Meditations. Trans!. by Dorion Cairns. Nijhoff, The Hague, 1960.
[Cartesianische Meditationen und Pariser Vortriige. Edited by S. Strasser
(Husserliana I). Nijhoff, The Hague, 1973.) Originally published in French
in 1931, trans!. by J. Peiffer and E. Levinas.
Crisis The Crisis of European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology. Transl.
by David Carr. Northwestern University Press, Evanston, Ill., 1970. [Die
Krisis der europiiischen Wissenschaften und die transzendentale Phiinomen
ologie. Ed. by Walter Biemel (Husserliana VI). Nijhoff, The Hague, 1954.)
EJ Experience and Judgment. Trans!. by James S. Churchill and Karl Ameriks.
Northwestern University Press, Evanston, Ill., 1973. [Erfahrung und Urteil.
Ed. by Ludwig Landgrebe. Claassen, Hamburg, 1964. Originally published
in 1939.)
FTL Formal and Transcendental Logic. Trans!. by Dorion Cairns. Nijhoff, The
Hague, 1969. [Formale und transzendentaleLogik. Niemeyer, Halle, 1929.)
Ideas Ideen zu einer reinen Phiinomenologie und phiinomenologischen Philosophie.
Erstes Buch. Ed. by Walter Biemel (Husserliana Ill). Nijhoff, The Hague,
1950. [Ideas: General Introduction to Pure Phenomenology. Transl. by
W. R. Boyce Gibson. George Allen and Unwin, London, 1931.) Originally
published in 1913.
Ideas, III Ideen zu einer rein en Phiinomenologie und phiinomenologischen Philosophie.
Drittes Buch. Ed. by Marly Biemal (Husserliana V). Nijhoff, The Hague,
1952.
IP The Idea of Phenomenology. Transl. by William P. Alston and George
Nakhnikian. Nijhoff, The Hague, 1964. [Die Idee der Phiinomenologie. Funj
Vorlesungen. Ed. by Walter Bieme!. Nijhoff, The Hague, 1950.) Lectures
delivered by Husserl in 1907.
LI Logical Investigations. Revised ed. Trans!. by J. N. Findlay. Prolegomena
and Investigations I-VI in 2 vols. Humanities Press, New York, 1970.
[Logische Untersuchungen. Revised ed. 2 vols. in 3 parts. Niemeyer, Halle,
1913 and 1921. [Vol. I and Vol. II, Pt. 1 (Prolegomena and Investigations
ix
x ABBREVIATIONS
I-IV) were published in 1913; Vol. II, Pt. 2 (Investigation VI) was published
in 1921.) 5th printing, Tiibingen, 1968.) The flIst edition of Logische
Untersuchungen was published in 1900-1901 in Halle by Niemeyer.
PP Phenomenological Psychology. Trans!. by John Scanlon. Nijhoff, The Hague,
1977. [Phiinomenologische Psychologie. Ed. by Walter Biemel (Husserlillna
IX). Nijhoff, The Hague, 1962.) Lectures delivered by Husserl in the sum
mer semester of 1925.
Time The Phenomenology of Internal Time-Consciousness. Ed. by Martin Heideg
ger. Transl. by James S. Churchill. Indiana University Press, Bloomington,
Ind., 1964. [Vorlesungen zur Phiinomenologie des inneren Zeitbewusstsein.
Ed. by Martin Heidegger. Niemeyer, Halle, 1928.)
Zeit. Zur Phiinomenologie des inneren Zeitbewusstseins. Ed. by Rudolf Boehm
(Husserlillna X). Nijhoff, The Hague, 1966. In addition to Husserl's Vor
lesungen zur Phiinomenologie des inneren Zeitbewusstsein, this volume
contains supplementary texts not translated in Time. References to these
texts will be indicated by ·Zeit.'
PREFACE
This book has roots in our respective doctoral dissertations, both completed
in 1970 at Stanford under the tutelage of Professors Dagfmn F ¢llesdal, John
D. Goheen, and Jaakko Hintikka. In the fall of 1970 we wrote a joint article
that proved to be a prolegomenon to the present work, our 'Intentionality via
Intensions', The Journal of Philosophy 68 (1971). Professor Hintikka then
suggested we write a joint book, and in the spring of 1971 we began writing
the present work. The project was to last ten years as our conception of the
project continued to grow at each stage.
Our iritellectual debts follow the history of our project. During our dis
sertation days at Stanford, we joined with fellow doctoral candidates John
Lad and Michael Sukale and Professors F¢llesdal, Goheen, and Hintikka in
an informal seminar on phenomenology that met weekly from June of 1969
through March of 1970. During the summers of 1973 and 1974 we regrouped
in another informal seminar on phenomenology, meeting weekly at Stanford
and sometimes Berkeley, the regular participants being ourselves, Hubert
Dreyfus, Dagfmn F¢llesdal, Jane Lipsky McIntyre, Izchak Miller, and, in
1974, John Haugeland. More recently, we enjoyed discussions and presented
some of our results at the 1980 Summer Institute on Phenomenology and
Existentialism, on 'Continental and Analytic Perspectives on Intentionality'
(held at the University of California, Berkeley, directed by Hubert Dreyfus
and John Haugeland, under the auspices of The Council for Philosophical
Studies with support from the National Endowment for the Humanities). We
are grateful to all the above-mentioned philosophers for intellectual inspira
tions of many forms. We should also like to thank our students and colleagues
over the years and our audiences at various institutions and conferences for
their responses to presentations of ideas that were taking shape for the pre
sent book.
The book is for the most part thoroughly co-authored, with both content
and wording being the result of inextricably joint efforts at several stages of
writing. The only exceptions are as follows. Section 2.3 of Chapter II derives
from Smith, 'Meinongian Objects', Grazer Philosophische Studien 1 (1975).
Sections 3.2 and 3.3 of Chapter N derive from McIntyre, 'Intending and
Referring: Some Problems for HusseTl's Theory of Intentionality', in Husserl,
xi
xii PREFACE
Intentionality, and Cognitive Science: Recent Studies in Phenomenology, ed.
by Hubert Dreyfus (MIT Press/Bradford Books, Cambridge, 1982), and
McIntyre, 'Husserl's Phenomenological Conception of Intentionality and
its Difficulties', Philosophia (forthcoming). Section 3.4 of Chapter IV derives
from Smith, 'Hussed on Demonstrative Reference and Perception', also in the
Dreyfus anthology just cited. Finally, Chapter VIII was written by Smith,
with benefit of commentary by McIntyre. A version of most of Part 2 of
Chapter IV appeared as McIntyre and Smith, 'Husserl's Identification of
Meaning and Noema', The Monist 59 (l975).
We wish to thank Professor F¢llesdal for his encouragement of our project
and especially for introducing us to Hussed's philosophy in a way that made
its importance so clearly evident. We are deeply grateful to Professor Hintikka,
both for the intellectual stimulation he has provided over the past fifteen
years and for his efforts and kind support as advising editor for D. Reidel
Publishing Company. We thank as well the editors at Reidel, especially Ms.
J. C. Kuipers, for their cooperation, encouragement, and patience. And we
thank Lynne Friedman for her expert typing of most of the manuscript, and
Wanda Roach and Virginia Drew for their equally able typing of remaining
parts.
Our deep gratitude goes to Mary Douglas (Smith) and Jane Lipsky Mc
Intyre for their enduring support for our project.
Irvine and Los Angeles DAVID WOODRUFF SMITH
August, 1981 RONALD McINTYRE
NOTE
On some prior occasions we have referred to the present book under an earlier title,
Intentionality and Intensions: Husserl's Phenomenology and the Semantics of Intentional
Modalities. That title gave way to another more accurately indicating the focus of the
f"mished work.