Hurst's the Heart Manual of Cardiology

913 Pages·2012·29.28 MB·English

Hurst’s The Heart
Manual of Cardiology
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Hurst’s The Heart
Manual of Cardiology
Thirteenth Edition
ED I TORS
Richard A. Walsh, MD, FACC, FAHA
John H. Hord Professor
Chair, Department of Medicine
Case Western Reserve University
Physician-in-Chief
University Hospitals Health System
Cleveland, Ohio
James C. Fang, MD
Professor of Medicine
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine
Case Western Reserve University
Irving B. and Virginia Spitz Master Clinician Chair in Cardiology
University Hospitals Case Medical Center
Cleveland, Ohio
Valentin Fuster, MD, PhD, MACC, FAHA
Physician-in-Chief, The Mount Sinai Medical Center
Director, Mount Sinai Heart Center
Professor of Cardiology
The Mount Sinai Medical Center
New York, New York
New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid
Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto
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CONTENTS
Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxix
1. History, Physical Examination, and Cardiac Auscultation . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Robert A. Harrington, Mark E. Silverman,†
and Charles F. Wooley†
2. T e Resting Electrocardiogram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Antoni Bayés de Luna, Diego Goldwasser,
Miquel Fiol, and Antoni Bayés-Genis
3. Cardiac Roentgenography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Robert A. O’Rourke† and Robert C. Gilkeson
4. Noninvasive Testing for Myocardial Ischemia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Michael J. Lipinski, Victor F. Froelicher,
Daniel S. Berman, Sean W. Hayes, Rory Hachamovitch,
Leslee J. Shaw, and Guido Germano
5. Noninvasive Testing for Cardiac Dysfunction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Anthony N. DeMaria, Daniel G. Blanchard,
Daniel S. Berman, Sean W. Hayes, Rory Hachamovitch,
Leslee J. Shaw, and Guido Germano
6. Cardiac CT and MRI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Melissa A. Daubert, Michael Poon, Matthew J. Budof ,
Han W. Kim, Afshin Farzaneh-Far, Igor Klem,
Wolfgang Rehwald, and Raymond J. Kim
7. Cardiac Catheterization and Coronary Angiography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Morton J. Kern and Spencer B. King III
8. Approach to the Patient With Cardiac Arrhythmias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Eric N. Prystowsky and Richard I. Fogel
9. Atrial Fibrillation, Atrial Flutter, and
Supraventricular Tachycardia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Eric N. Prystowsky and Richard I. Fogel
10. Ventricular Arrhythmias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Robert W. Rho and Richard L. Page
†Deceased.
v
vi Contents
11. Bradyarrhythmias and Pacing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Pugazhendhi Vijayaraman and Kenneth A. Ellenbogen
12. Ambulatory Electrocardiographic Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Eric N. Prystowsky and Richard I. Fogel
13. Techniques of Electrophysiologic Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Eric N. Prystowsky and Richard I. Fogel
14. Treatment of Cardiac Arrhythmias With Ablation T erapy . . . . . . . . 160
Usha B. Tedrow, Samuel J. Asirvatham, and William G. Stevenson
15. Indications and Techniques of Electrical Def brillation
and Cardioversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Richard E. Kerber
16. Diagnosis and Management of Syncope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
Mark D. Carlson and Blair P. Grubb
17. Sudden Cardiac Death . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
Matthew R. Reynolds, Amit J. T osani,
Duane S. Pinto, and Mark E. Josephson
18. CPR and Post-resuscitation Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Jooby John and Gordon A. Ewy
19. Diagnosis and Management of Heart Failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
William T. Abraham and Ayesha Hasan
20. Dyslipidemia and Other Cardiac Risk Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
Michael J. Blaha, Kerunne S. Ketlogetswe, Chiadi E. Ndumele,
Ty J. Gluckman, and Roger S. Blumenthal
21. Management of Patients With Chronic Ischemic Heart Disease . . . . 236
†
Richard A. Walsh and Robert A. O’Rourke
22. Def nitions and Pathogenesis of Acute Coronary Syndromes . . . . . . . 249
Michael C. Kim, Annapoorna S. Kini, and Valentin Fuster
23. Diagnosis and Management of Patients With
ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
Emily E. Hass, Eric H. Yang, Bernard J. Gersh,
†
and Robert A. O’Rourke
24. Diagnosis and Management of Patients With Unstable Angina
and Non–ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction . . . . . . . . . . . 270
†
James A. de Lemos, Robert A. O’Rourke, and Robert A. Harrington
†
Deceased.
Contents vii
25. Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290
John S. Douglas, Jr and Spencer B. King III
26. Mechanical Interventions in Acute Myocardial Infarction . . . . . . . . . 305
William W. O’Neill and Pedro Martinez-Clark
27. Systemic Hypertension: Pathogenesis and Etiology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316
†
Gbenga Ogedegbe and T omas G. Pickering
28. Diagnosis and Treatment of Hypertension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329
G. Brandon Atkins, Mahboob Rahman,
and Jackson T. Wright, Jr
29. Pulmonary Hypertension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346
Robyn J. Barst and Lewis J. Rubin
30. Pulmonary Embolism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355
Peter F. Fedullo
31. Aortic Valve Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367
Rosario V. Freeman and Catherine M. Otto
32. Mitral Valve Stenosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380
Blasé A. Carabello
33. Mitral Regurgitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389
David H. Adams, Blasé A. Carabello, and Javier G. Castillo
34. Tricuspid Valve and Pulmonic Valve Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400
Pravin M. Shah
35. Prosthetic Heart Valves: Choice of Valve and
Management of the Patient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409
Joanna Chikwe, Farzan Filsouf , and Alain Carpentier
36. Antithrombotic T erapy for Valvular Heart Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417
Usman Baber and Valentin Fuster
37. Infective Endocarditis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 424
Saptarsi M. Haldar and Patrick T. O’Gara
38. Dilated Cardiomyopathies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 450
Luisa Mestroni, Edward M. Gilbert, Brian D. Lowes,
and Michael R. Bristow
39. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 458
Steve R. Ommen, Rick A. Nishimura, and A. Jamil Tajik
†
Deceased.
viii Contents
40. Restrictive, Obliterative, and
Inf ltrative Cardiomyopathies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 466
Brian D. Hoit
41. Myocarditis and Specif c Cardiomyopathies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473
Sean P. Pinney and Donna M. Mancini
42. T e Heart and Noncardiac Drugs, Electricity,
Poisons, and Radiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 482
Andrew L. Smith and Wendy M. Book
43. Diseases of the Pericardium. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 490
Brian D. Hoit
44. Cardiovascular Diseases Caused by Genetic Abnormalities . . . . . . . . 498
Ali J. Marian, Ramon Brugada, and Robert Roberts
45. Congenital Heart Disease in Adults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 513
Jamil A. Aboulhosn and John S. Child
46. Perioperative Evaluation of Patients With
Known or Suspected Cardiovascular
Disease Who Undergo Noncardiac Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 524
Debabrata Mukherjee and Kim A. Eagle
47. Metabolic Syndrome, Obesity, and Diet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 532
Ian Del Conde Pozzi, Scott M. Grundy, and
Sidney C. Smith Jr.
48. Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 551
Sameer Bansilal, Michael E. Farkouh,
Elliot J. Rayf eld, and Valentin Fuster
49. Rheumatologic Diseases and
the Cardiovascular System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 584
Mala S. Kaul, Victor F. Tapson, E. William St. Clair,
and Prashant Vaishnava
50. Women and Coronary Artery Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 605
Judith Z. Goldf nger, Pamela Charney, and Marc A. Miller
51. Heart Disease and Pregnancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 626
Jennifer Conroy, John H. McAnulty,
Craig S. Broberg, and James Metcalfe
52. Aortic Valve Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 646
Sammy Elmariah, Rosario V. Freeman,
Marc A. Miller, and Catherine M. Otto
Contents ix
53. Cerebrovascular Disease and
Neurologic Manifestations of Heart Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 672
Torsten Vahl, Megan C. Leary, and Louis R. Caplan
54. T e Nonsurgical Approach to Carotid Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 695
Jason Chinitz, Amar Krishnaswamy,
Jay Yadav, and Samir R. Kapadia
55. Diagnosis and Management of Diseases of
the Peripheral Arteries and Veins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 718
Usman Baber, Paul W. Wennberg, and
T om W. Rooke
56. Surgical Treatment of Carotid and
Peripheral Vascular Disease. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 729
Joseph M. Sweeny, Jayer Chung, and
T omas F. Dodson
57. T erapeutic Decision Making Based Upon
Clinical Trials and Clinical Practice Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 738
Sameer Bansilal, Ira S. Nash,
Michael E. Farkouh, and Valentin Fuster
58. Adverse Cardiovascular Drug
Interactions and Complications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 750
Alan D. Enriquez, Ileana L. Piña,
Gerard Oghlakian, and Marc A. Miller
59. Aging and Cardiovascular Disease in the Elderly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 795
Wilson Young, Edward G. Lakatta, Samer S. Najjar,
Steven P. Schulman, and Gary Gerstenblith
60. Complementary and Alternative Medical T erapy
in Cardiovascular Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 837
Rajesh Vedanthan, Mitchell W. Krucof ,
Rebecca B. Costello, Daniel B. Mark, and John H. K. Vogel
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 853