Human Sexuality: An Encyclopedia PDF
Preview Human Sexuality: An Encyclopedia
HUMAN SEXUALITY An Encyclopedia Edited by Vern L. Bullough and Bonnie Bullough Routledge Taylor ٤، Francis Croup NEW YORK AND LONDON First published 1994 by Garland Publishing, Inc. This edition published 2013 by Routledge 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017, USA 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon 0X14 4RN Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business Copyright © 1994 Vern L. Bullough and Bonnie Bullough All rights reserved Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Human sexuality : an encyclopedia /edited by Vern L. Bullough and Bonnie Bullough. p. cm. — (Garland reference library of social science ; vol. 685) ISBN 0-8240-7972-8 (alk. paper) 1. Sex—Dictionaries. I. Bullough, Vern L. II. Bullough, Bonnie. III. Title: Human sexuality. IV. Series: Garland reference library of social science ; v. 685. HQ9.H846 1994 306.7’03—dc20 93-32686 CIP H U M A N S E X U A L IT Y Garland Reference Library of Social Science (Vol. 685) Page Intentionally Left Blank To Our Contributors and Colleagues in the Field of Human Sexuality Page Intentionally Left Blank Contents Introduction ix Advisory Editors and Contributing Editors xi Authors xiii The Encyclopedia 1 Appendix 607 Index 619 Page Intentionally Left Blank Introduction The purpose of an encyclopedia is to gather in This is not the first set of volumes to claim one place information that otherwise would be the title of encyclopedia of human sexuality. difficult to find. By its very nature, however, an Only two claimants to the title, however, would encyclopedia can never be complete because meet our definition of encyclopedia. The first is information keeps changing and new interpreta- the one-volume Encyclopedia Sexualis (1936), tions emerge. We did, however, try to make the edited by Victor Robinson, and the second is encyclopedia as comprehensive as possible, and the two-volume Encyclopedia of Sexual Behavior we have gathered together approximately 100 (1961), edited by Albert Ellis and Albert contributors, who have collectively turned out Abarbanel. Robinson was a pioneer sexologist over 200 articles. We tried to select the indi- in the United States, while Ellis and Abarbanel viduals who were experts in their field, and all were major figures in sexology in the 1960s. the contributors met the scholarly and scientific Though most of the contributors to the Ellis and standards we tried to set. In some cases, we de- Abarbanel volumes are dead, a handful are still liberately sought out younger scholars to diver- active, and some of them—such as John Money sify the points of view represented. and Ira Reiss—contributed to this work. We are We believe the articles are authoritative and proud to follow in the footsteps of Robinson, reflect a variety of viewpoints. This is natural, Ellis, and Abarbanel. since the contributors come from a wide range This current work includes articles on many of disciplines—from nursing to medicine, from of the same topics found in the two earlier ency biology to history—and include sociologists, psy- clopedias, but a surprising number of topics in chologists, anthropologists, political scientists, lit- cluded here were not listed by them because erary specialists, academics and nonacademics, new research has broadened our knowledge. clinicians and teachers, researchers and general- Those interested in the history of sex and the ists. Our task was made somewhat easier than we changing nature of sex research can judge the originally anticipated because after our work on pace of developments in understanding human this encyclopedia started, A Descriptive Dictionary sexuality by comparing what was said 60 years and Atlas of Sexology (1991) was published. Edi- ago in the Robinson encyclopedia or 30 years tors Robert T. Francoeur, Timothy Perper, and ago in the Ellis and Abarbanel volumes with Norman A. Scherzer took as their task brief defi- what is said now. Albert Ellis was one of the nitions of many of the sexual phenomena on founders of the then newly formed Society for which we had originally planned articles. Their the Scientific Study of Sex (SSSS), and its early book allowed us to concentrate on longer ar- members contributed significantly to his volume, ticles and major issues (which include many of as current members of the SSSS and other sex the sexual phenomena), and it should be re- groups such as SIECUS and AASECT contrib- garded as an additional reference work in this uted to this encyclopedia. field. ix
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