Human Rights and Foreign Policy: Principles and Practice

219 Pages·1989·22.214 MB·English

by  Dilys M. Hill (eds.)

HUMAN RIGHTS AND FOREIGN POLICY
Human Rights and
Foreign Policy
Principles and Practice
Edited by
Dilys M. Hill
Reader in Politics
University of Southampton
Palgrave Macmillan UK
ISBN 978-1-349-09336-6 ISBN 978-1-349-09334-2 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-09334-2
© Dilys M. Hill, 1989
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1989 978-0-333-43654-7
All rights reserved. For information, write:
Scholarly and Reference Division,
St. Martin's Press, Inc., 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010
First published in the United States of America in 1989
ISBN 978-0-312-02399-7
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Human rights and foreign policy.
"Workshop Conference, Human Rights and Foreign Policy
was held in Chamberlain Hall, UniveEity of Southampton,
in March 1986, under the auspices of the Centre for
International Policy Studies, Department of Politics,
University of Southampton"- Preface.
Includes index.
1. Human rights-Congresses. 2. International
relations-Congresses. I. Hill, Dilys M. II. Workshop
Conference, Human Rights and Foreign Policy (1986:
University of Southampton) III. Centre for International
Policy Studies.
K3239.6 1989 342' .085 88 -15860
ISBN 978-0-312-02399-7 342.285
Contents
Preface vii
Acknowledgements IX
Workshop Participants Xl
Notes on the Contributors XIV
PART I INTRODUCTION
Human Rights and Foreign Policy: Theoretical
Foundations
Dilys M. Hill 3
2 Human Rights and Contemporary State Practice
Dilys M. Hill 21
PART II THE THEORY OF HUMAN RIGHTS
3 How Problematical are the Moral Foundations of
Human Rights?
Moorhead Wright 45
4 Human Rights in Foreign Policy
R. J. Vincent 54
5 Article 1 of the Human Rights Covenants: Its
Development and Current Significance
Sally M orphet 67
PART III HUMAN RIGHTS IN CONTEMPORARY
PRACTICE
6 The Helsinki Process and Human Rights in the USSR
lain Elliot 91
7 Economic Aid as an Instrument for the Promotion of
International Human Rights
S. Alex Cunliffe 115
V
Vi Contents
8 Refugees and Foreign Policy
Gil Loescher l31
9 Root Causes of Displacement: The Legal Framework for
International Concern and Action
Julia Hiiusermann 140
10 The Refugee Policies of West European Governments: A
Human Rights Challenge at our Doorsteps
Johan Cels 164
11 Current Challenges of Human Rights in Asia
Vitit Muntarbhorn 181
Index 201
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vviiii
Preface viii
Concern and Action', highlighted the primacy of this issue on the
current international scene. These deliberations mark out the Work
shop's innovation in emphasising that, in the 1980s, refugees and refugee
flows have become a major, and urgent, element in the foreign policies of
states, both North and South.
The Conference was opened by guest speaker Professor Joseph
Frankel who reminded participants of the continued urgency of the issue
of human rights and of the deep divisions which had to be recognised
between the perspectives of West and East, and the practical as well as
philosophical differences which existed between political and civil rights
on the one hand and the claims of social and economic rights on the
other. Here the Workshop was fortunate to have among its members Ms
Leah Levin, the Director of Justice, and Mr Ko Braun from Amnesty
International, British Section.
The Workshop provided an invaluable format through which par
ticipants from many different professional backgrounds - academics,
lawyers, public servants, activists - were able to engage in frank,
informal debate. My reflections on these discussions, including those of
the two round tables referred to above, are published here as the two
chapters of Part I and, in the spirit of the Workshop's open exchange of
views and ideas, are done so on the basis of non-attribution. Part II then
goes on to set out the individual papers presented at the Workshop.
Acknowledgements
The Workshop was made possible by the grant of an award (,Working
Parties and Specialist Conferences in the Social Sciences') from the
Nuffield Foundation; I am most grateful to the Nuffield Foundation,
and to its Deputy Director, Miss Pat Thomas.
My thanks are also due to the University of Southampton (both to
Chamberlain Hall which hosted the Workshop and to the Department
of Politics for its active support). Mr Peter Wilson provided invaluable
practical help with the arrangements. I am very grateful to Mrs Angela
Wilkinson and Mr Darryl Howlett who processed the chapters, to Dr
Ian Forbes for his technical advice, and to Dr John Simpson, Editor of
the Series, for his invaluable editorial help.
lowe especial thanks to Professor Joseph Frankel, our guest speaker,
for the thoughtful and challenging framework he set for the Workshop. I
am conscious that many busy people in public, professional and
academic life gave generously of their time to take part in the Workshop
and I would like to record my gratitude to all of them. As a result of the
Workshop, a Study Group on Human Rights has been set up to pursue
these issues on a long-term basis, under the auspices of the Centre for
International Policy Studies, Department of Politics, University of
Southampton.
IX
Workshop Participants
Dr Ralph Beddard Faculty of Law, University of Southampton
Mr Michael Bowker Royal Institute of International Affairs (RIIA)
(Chatham House); University of Essex
Mr Nicholas Bratza, QC
Mr Ko Braun Amnesty International, British Section
Mr Johan Cels Refugee Studies Programme, Queen Elizabeth House,
University of Oxford
Ms Roberta Cohen Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Human
Rights, United States of America, 1980-1
Dr S. Alex Cunliffe Department of Social and Political Studies,
Plymouth Polytechnic
Dr Geoffrey Edwards School of International Relations (UK
Program), University of Southern California, London
Dr lain Elliot Department of Language Studies, Brighton Polytechnic
Professor Sir James Fawcett, QC President, European Commission
on Human Rights, 1972-81
Professor Joseph Frankel
Mrs Julia Hausermann Director, Rights and Humanity
Dr Dilys M. HiD Department of Politics, University of Southampton;
Director, Centre for International Policy Studies (CIPS)
Mr Richard Jones Foreign and Commonwealth Office
Professor Roy E. Jones Faculty of Economics and Social Studies,
University College of Wales, Cardiff
Xl