Human Monoclonal Antibodies: Methods and Protocols

367 Pages·2014·4.47 MB·English

by  Herman Waldmann (auth.)

Methods in
Molecular Biology 1060
Michael Steinitz Editor
Human
Monoclonal
Antibodies
Methods and Protocols
M M B ™
ETHODS IN OLECULAR IOLOGY
Series Editor
John M. Walker
School of Life Sciences
University of Hertfordshire

Hat fi eld, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, UK
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Human Monoclonal Antibodies
Methods and Protocols
Edited by
Michael Steinitz
Department of Pathology, The Lautenberg Center, IMRIC, The Hebrew University,
Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
Editor
Michael Steinitz
Department of Pathology
The Lautenberg Center, IMRIC
The Hebrew University
Hadassah Medical School
Jerusalem, I srael
ISSN 1064-3745 ISSN 1940-6029 (electronic)
ISBN 978-1-62703-585-9 ISBN 978-1-62703-586-6 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-62703-586-6
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Pref ace
There is no doubt that the introduction of monoclonal antibodies revolutionized immunology.
The ease and reproducibility of the various techniques for preparing murine monoclonal
antibodies, using both cellular and molecular techniques, have had a major impact on their
rapid and comprehensive expansion. The development of human monoclonal antibodies
has been inspired primarily by the enormous clinical benefi ts promised by these reagents,
used as anti-infl ammatory reagents, anti-tumor reagents, and reagents for passive immuni-
zation. Initially, some technical and ethical obstacles hampered the development of entirely
human monoclonal antibodies, prompting the development of chimeric and humanized
monoclonal antibodies. The development of an immune response against the mouse resid-
ual fragment in these antibodies stressed the need for complete human antibodies. Today,
the development of advanced cellular and molecular techniques enables the production of
human antibodies with any required specifi city. Considering the rapid improvement in the
methods involved in making human monoclonal antibodies, it is expected that their impact
will gradually be of major importance in the clinical setting.
This volume presents technical protocols of cellular and molecular methods for the
production, purifi cation, and application of human monoclonal antibodies. In addition,
this volume presents also a few review articles related to the topic of human monoclonal
and polyclonal antibodies.
Jerusalem, Israel Michael Steinitz
v

Contents
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v
Contributors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
1 Human Monoclonal Antibodies: The Residual Challenge
of Antibody Immunogenicity.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Herman Waldmann
2 Technical and Ethical Limitations in Making Human Monoclonal Antibodies
(An Overview).. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Mark C. Glassy and Rishab Gupta
3 Therapeutic Human Monoclonal Antibodies in Inflammatory Diseases . . . . . . 37
Sotirios Kotsovilis and Evangelos Andreakos
4 Therapeutic Human Monoclonal Antibodies Against Cancer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Jamie Jarboe, Anumeha Gupta, and Wasif Saif
5 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibodies in Clinic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Bharath Wootla, Aleksandar Denic, and Moses Rodriguez
6 Production of Human Monoclonal Antibodies
by the Epstein–Barr Virus Method.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Michael Steinitz
7 Humanization and Simultaneous Optimization of Monoclonal Antibody. . . . . 123
T. Kuramochi, T. Igawa, H. Tsunoda, and K. Hattori
8 Chimeric Antibodies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Kohei Kurosawa, Waka Lin, and Kunihiro Ohta
9 Recombinant Genetic Libraries and Human Monoclonal Antibodies. . . . . . . . 149
Jarrett J. Adams, Bryce Nelson, and Sachdev S. Sidhu
10 Production of Stabilized scFv Antibody Fragments
in the E. coli Bacterial Cytoplasm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Lilach Vaks and Itai Benhar
11 Construction and Production of an IgG-Like Tetravalent Bispecific
Antibody, IgG–Single-Chain Fv Fusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Dan Lu and Zhenping Zhu
12 Construction of Human Antibody Gene Libraries and Selection
of Antibodies by Phage Display. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
André Frenzel, Jonas Kügler, Sonja Wilke, Thomas Schirrmann,
and Michael Hust
13 Antigen-Specific Human Monoclonal Antibodies from Transgenic Mice.. . . . . 245
Susana Magadán Mompó and África González-Fernández
vii
viii Contents
14 Phage Display Technology for Human Monoclonal Antibodies. . . . . . . . . . . . 277
Cecilia Deantonio, Diego Cotella, Paolo Macor, Claudio Santoro,
and Daniele Sblattero
15 Antigen-Specific In Vitro Immunization: A Source
for Human Monoclonal Antibodies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
Kosuke Tomimatsu and Sanetaka Shirahata
16 Methods for Radiolabelling of Monoclonal Antibodies.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309
Vladimir Tolmachev, Anna Orlova, and Karl Andersson
17 Purification of Human Monoclonal Antibodies and Their Fragments. . . . . . . . 331
Thomas Müller-Späth and Massimo Morbidelli
18 Idiotype-Specific Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG)
for Therapy of Autoimmune Diseases.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353
Miri Blank, Tomer Bashi, and Yehuda Shoenfeld
Index.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363
Contributors
JARRETT J. ADAMS • Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research,
University of Toronto , Toronto , ON , Canada ; Banting and Best Department of Medical
Research , University of Toronto , Toronto , ON , Canada ; Department of Molecular
Genetics, University of Toronto , Toronto , ON , Canada
EVANGELOS ANDREAKOS • Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Immunobiology Division, Center
of Immunology and Transplantation, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of
Athens , Athens , Hellas , Greece
KARL ANDERSSON • Unit of Biomedical Radiation Sciences and Rudbeck Laboratory ,
Ridgeview Instruments AB , Uppsala , Sweden
TOMER BASHI • Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center,
Tel-Aviv University , Tel-Aviv , Israel
ITAI BENHAR • The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Molecular
Microbiology and Biotechnology, Tel-Aviv University , Ramat Aviv , Israel
MIRI BLANK • Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center,
Tel-Aviv University , Tel-Aviv , Israel
DIEGO COTELLA • Department of Health Sciences and Interdisciplinary Research Center for
Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), University of Eastern Piedmont , Novara , Italy
CECILIA DEANTONIO • Department of Health Sciences and Interdisciplinary Research
Center for Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), University of Eastern Piedmont ,
Novara , Italy
ALEKSANDAR DENIC • Departments of Neurology and Immunology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester ,
MN , USA
ANDRÉ FRENZEL • Abteilung Biotechnologie Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut
für Biochemie, Biotechnologie und Bioinformatik , Braunschweig, Germany
ÁFRICA GONZÁLEZ-FERNÁNDEZ • Directora del Centro de Investigación Biomédica
(CINBIO) , Vigo , Pontevedra, Spain ; Catedrática de Inmunología Universidad de Vigo ,
Vigo , Pontevedra, Spain
MARK C. GLASSY • Integrated Medical Sciences Association Foundation , San Diego,
CA , USA
ANUMEHA GUPTA • Tufts University School of Medicine , Boston , MA , USA
RISHAB GUPTA • BioProbe International, Inc., and University of California , Los Angeles,
CA , USA
K. HATTORI • Research Division , Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. , Gotemba,
Shizuoka, Japan
MICHAEL HUST • Abteilung Biotechnologie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut
für Biochemie, Biotechnologie und Bioinformatik , Braunschweig, Germany
T. IGAWA • Research Division , Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. , Gotemba,
Shizuoka, Japan
JAMIE JARBOE • Tufts cancer center, Tufts university school of medicine , Boston , MA , USA
ix