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Human Lactation 3: The Effects of Human Milk on the Recipient Infant PDF

381 Pages·1987·17.65 MB·English
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BUMAN LACTATION 3 The Effects of Duman Milk on the Recipient Infant BUM AN LACTATION 3 The Effects of Human Milk on the Recipient Infant Edited by Armond S. Goldman University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston, Texas Stepbanle A. Atkinson McMaster University Hamilton, Ontario, Canada and o Lars A. Hanson University of G6teborg G6teborg, Sweden Springer Science+ Business Media, LLC Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data International Conference on the Effects of Human Milk on the Recipient Infant (3rd: 1986: Konstanz, Germany) Human lactation 3. "Proceedings of the Third International Conference on the Effects of Human Milk on the Recipient Infant, held September 10-14, 1986, in Konstanz, West Germany"—T.p. verso. Includes bibliographies and index. 1. Breast feeding —Physiological aspects—Congresses. 2. Infants —Growth —Congresses. 3. Milk, Human —Congresses. I. Goldman, Armond S. II. Atkinson, S. A. (Stephanie A.) III. Hanson, Lars A. IV. Title. V. Title: Human lactation three. [DNLM: 1. Breast Feeding- congresses. 2. Infant, Newborn—physiology—congresses. 3. Lactation—metabolism —con­ gresses. 4. Milk, Human-metabolism-congresses. W3 IN1948D 3rd 1986h/WS 125 1615 1986h] RJ216.I5 1986 618.92'01 87-15359 ISBN 978-1-4899-0839-1 ISBN 978-1-4899-0839-1 ISBN 978-1-4899-0837-7 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4899-0837-7 Proceedings of the International Conference on the Effects of Human Milk on the Recipient Infant, held September 10-14, 1986, in Konstanz, West Germany © Springer Science+Business Media New York 1987 Originally published by Plenum Press, New York in 987 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1987 All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher PREFACE Four years ago the National Institutes of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) brought together a group of scientists to Belmont, Maryland to examine the status of human milk banking. During those deliberations, the idea was generated to organize a series of research conferences concerning human lactation and the composition and biological effects of human milk. The first one, organized by Robert G. Jensen from the University of Connecticut and Margaret C. Neville from the University of Colorado, dealt with methodologic issues. An additional meeting to explore the effects of maternal and environmental factors upon human lactation and the composition of human milk was organized by Margit Hamosh from Georgetown University and me, and was held in January, 1986 in Oaxaca, Mexico. Those meetings provided the foundation for the design of the present conference, 'The Effects of Human Milk Upon the Recipient Infant'. In addition to a grant from the NICHD, the conference was generously supported by Milupa AG from the Federal Republic of Germany; Wyeth Limited and Mead Johnson of Canada; and Ross Laboratories, Heinz USA, the Mead Johnson Nutritional Group, Wyeth International Limited, Gerber Products Company, the La Leche League International, Glaxo Incorporated and Sandoz Pharmaceutical Corporation from the United States. This allowed us to invite over sixty leading scientists from Australia, Belgium, Canada, the Federal Republic of Germany, France, Hong Kong, Italy, New Zealand, Norway, Pakistan, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States to Konstanz, the Federal Republic of Germany to address the nutritional, epidemiologic, metabolic, hormonal, immunologic, and toxicologic aspects of this issue. I am grateful to Stephanie A. Atkinson from Canada and Lars A. Hanson from Sweden for their important contributions to the design of the program and selection of participants. Atkinson organized the abstracts and prepared the discussants for their roles. Thorsten A. Fjellstedt from NICHD encouraged our efforts, reviewed the abstracts for the poster session, and arranged for the programs to be printed. Gerd Harzer from tbe Federal Republic of Germany deserves special recognition for selecting the meeting site, negotiating for the use of the University of Konstanz and our accomodations in the city, and aiding the participants during the conference. Robert Goldman designed a computer program that facilitated in the preparation of the index of this book. In addition, Susan Kovacevich, Stephanie Huery, and Elke Hutzenlaub should be acknowledged for their secretarial assistance. June, 1987 Armond S. Goldman Conference Chair v CONTENTS Introduction to the International Con~erence: The Ef~ects of Human Milk upon tne Recipient In~ant 1 A.S. Goldman SECTION I NUTRIENT UTILIZATION-GROWTH Nutrient Utilization and Growth in LBW Infants • • 9 w.e. Heird, S. Kashyap, K.F. Schulze, R. Ramakrishnan, C.L. Zucker, and R.B. Dell Nutrient Utilization in Term Infants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 M.F. Picciano Does Nutrition in Early Life Have Long Term Metabolic Effects? Can Animal Models Be Used to Predict These Effects in the Human? • • • • • • • • 37 M. Hamosh and P. Hamosh Nutrient Utilization: Summary of Workshop 57 S.A. Atkinson and B. Lonnerdal Trace Element Binding Ligands in Human Milk: Function in Trace Element Utilization • • B. Lonnerdal Calcium and Phosphorus Balance in Preterm Infants Fed Human Milk or Human Human Milk Supplemented with Vitamin D and Minerals. • • • • • • • • • • 71 J. Senterre Selenium Nutrition During Lactation and Early Infancy. • • • • • 81 A.M. Smith and M.F. Picciano Manganese Utilization in Breast-fed and Formula-fed Infants. . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K. D6rner, E. Sie~ers, and S. Dziadzka Folate and Human Milk. • • • • • 29 J. Ek Body Composition and Growth: Summary of Workshop. • • • • • • • 105 S.A. Atkinson and R.K. Whyte Growth of the Breast-fed Infant ••• 109 C. Garza, J. Stuff, and N. Butte Is Maternal Milk Production Limiting For Infant Growth During the First Year of Life in Breast-Fed Infants? • • • • • • • • • 123 M.C. Neville and J. Oliva-Rasbash Energy Balance and the Nature of Growth in Low Birthweight Infants ••••••• 135 R.K. Whyte. J.C. Sinclair, and H.S. Bayley The Effect of Protein Intake on Composition of Weight Gain in Preterm Infants • 143 G. Putet, J. Rigo, B. Salle, and J. Senterre Cholesterol in Human Milk. • • • • • • 151 R.G. Jensen Gastric Lipolysis and Fatty Acid Utilization in Preterm Infants •••••••••••••• 157 J. Bitman, T.H. Liao, M. Hamosh, N.R. Mehta, R.J. Buczuk, D.L. Wood, L.J. Grylack, and P. Hamosh Utilization of Fatty Acids by the Newborn Infant O. Hernell, S. Bernback, and L. Blackberg Carnitine in Relation to Feeding Infants •• 175 P.R. Borum, J.K. Baltzell, and A. Patera SECTION II GROWTH FACTORS, HORMONES AND INDUCERS Hormones in Milk: Their Presence and Possible Physiological Significance • • • • 183 O. Koldovsky, A. Bedrick, P. Pollack, R.K. Rao, and W. Thornburg Summary of Workshop: Growth Factors, Hormones and Inducers • 197 O. Koldovsky Intestinal Absorption of Epidermal Growth Factor in Newborn Lambs. •• •• • • • • • • • • • 199 L.C. Read, S.M. Gale, and C. George-Nascimento Effects of Human Milk Growth Factor on Gastric and Duodenal Mucus Formation • • • • • • 205 S. Dai, M. Klagsbrun, C.W. Ogle, and Y. Shing S-casomorphins: Do They Have Physiological Significance? 213 H. Teschemacher Production of Growth Factors by Normal Human Mammary Cells in Culture • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 227 W.R. Kidwell, D.S. Salomon, S. Mohanam and G.I. Bell viii SECTION III HOST RESISTANCE Summasy of Workshop: Host Resistance. 24l L.A. Hanson and R.M. Goldblum The Effect of Feeding Human Milk on the Development of Immunity in ,Low Birth Weight Infants • • • • • • R.M. Goldblum, R.J. Schanler, C. Garza, and A.S. Goldman Inhibition of Bacterial Adhesion and Toxin Binding by Glycoconjugate and Oligosaccharide Receptor Analogues in Human Milk • • • • • • 25l J. Holmgren, A.-M Svennerholm, M. Lindblad, and G. Strecker Transfer of Tuberculin Immunity from Mother to Infant •• 26l M.A. Keller, A.L. Rodriguez, S. Alvarez, N.C Wheeler, and D. Reisinger Prevention of Atopic Disease: Environmental Engineering Utilizing Antenatal Antigen Avoidance and Breast Feeding. • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • R.K. Chandra SECTION IV POTENTIALLY HARMFUL EFFECTS Summary of Workshop: Potentially Harmful Effects of Human Milk Upon the Recipient Infant • • • • • • • • • • • 275 W.C. Heird Viral Contamination of Milk. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 272 R.F. Pass Transfer of Maternal Food Proteins in Milk • P.R. Harmatz, D.G. Hanson, M. Brown, R.E. Kleinman, W.A. Walker, and K.J. Bloch Potentially Toxic Effects of Drugs and Toxins in Human Breast Milk. • • • • • •• ••••••• J.T. Wilson, R.D. Brown, I.J. Smith, and J.L. Hinson Vitamin K Deficiency in Breastfed Infants ••••• R. von Kries, R. Tangermann, M. Shearer, and U. Gobel Trans-fatty Acids in Human Milk and Infant Plasma and Tissue • • • • • • • • • • B. Koletzko, M. Mrotzek, and H.J. Bremer SECTION V EPIDEMIOLOGY Report of the Epidemiology Workshop: Introduction . . . . . . . 337 J-P. Habicht, K.M. Rasmussen, and A.S. Goldman Breast Feeding and Child Health: Methodologic Issues in Epidemiologic Research. 339 M.S. Kramer Report of the Epidemiologic Workshop: Workshop Notes. K. De~ey and C. Garza, R. Martorell, M.S. Kramer, L.A. Hanson, and R.K. Chandra Report of Epidemiology Workshop: Recommendations Regarding Future Research Concerning the Effects of Human Milk Upon Infant Recipients. J-P Habicht, M.W. Woolridge, K.M. RasmussenJ R. Martorell, M.S. Kramer, F. Jalil, L.A. Hanson, A.S. Goldman, C. Garza, K. Dewey, R.K. Chandra, and M. Carballo SECTION VI POSTER SESSION Pre gastric Lipase Triggers Fat Digestion • • 37l S. Bernback, O. Hernell, and L. Blackberg The Source of "Lost Calories" from Fortified Breast Milk. • • • • • 372 N.R. Mehta, M. Hamosh, J. Bitman, and D.L. Wood Glycoproteins of the Human Milk Fat Globule Membrane: Ultrastructure and Relation to Fat Absorption •• 373 S. Patton, W. Buchheim, and U. Welsch Comparison of the Deuterium Dilution and Test-Weighing Techniques for the Determination of Human Milk Intake. 374 N.F. Butte, W.W. Wong, B.W. Patterson, C. Garza, and P.D. Klein Infant Self-Regulation of Breast Milk Intake • • • • • • • • • • 375 K.G. Dewey and B. Lonnerdal X-Ray Structural Studies of Lactoferrin. • • • • • • • 376 S.V. Rumball, B.F. Anderson, H.M. Baker, G.E. Norris,' J.M. Waters, and E.N. Baker Whey Proteins in Feces of Preterm Infants Receiving Preterm Human Milk and Infant Formula • • • 377 S.M. Donovan, S.A. Atkinson, and B. Lonnerdal x Fortified Human Milk for Very Low Birth Weight Infants: Correction of Mineral Inadequacies. • •••• 379 R.J. Schanler and C. Garza Relationships Among Maternal Size and Carcass Composition, Lactational Performance, and Growth and Composition of the Young: Comparisons Across Varying Degrees of Chronic Malnutrition •••••• K.M. Rasmussen Human B-casomorphins-8 Immunoreactive Material in the Plasma of Women During Pregnancy and After Delivery. 381 G. Koch, E. Drebes, K. Wiedemann, W. Zimmermann, G. Link, and H. Teschemacher Effect of Breast Milk Ingestion Upon the Thyroxinemia of Suckling Rat Pups • • • • • • • • • • • • 382 L.V. Oberkotter Motility of Human Milk Leukocytes in Collagen Gels 383 F. Ozkaragoz, H.E. Rudloff, F.C. Schmalstieg, and A.S. Goldman Isolation of Lymphocyte Activating Factors from HHman Milk • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 384 O. Soder Participants Contributors • 381 Index. • . . • . . . • • . . . . • . . . • . • . . • . • . . • . 395

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