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Human Action in Thomas Aquinas, John Duns Scotus, and William of Ockham PDF

280 Pages·2014·1.08 MB·English
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The Catholic University of America Press Washington, D.C. Copyright  2014 The Catholic University of America Press All rights reserved The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standards for Information Science—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984. ∞ Cataloging-in-Publication Data available from the Library of Congress ISBN: 978-0-8132-2178-6 In piam memoriam Reverendi Eduardi Patricii Mahoney Contents Acknowledgments ix A Note on the Texts xi Introduction xiii 1. Causes of the Act 1 Thomas Aquinas 5 John Duns Scotus 19 William of Ockham 44 Trajectory of the Positions 56 2. Practical Reason 61 Thomas Aquinas 64 John Duns Scotus 80 William of Ockham 91 Practical Knowledge, Prudence, and the Practical Syllogism 103 3. The Stages of the Act 109 The Aristotelian Background 110 Thomas Aquinas 113 John Duns Scotus and William of Ockham 132 Additions and Changes to Aristotle 145 vii 4. Evaluation and Specification of the Act 149 Thomas Aquinas 154 John Duns Scotus 166 William of Ockham 175 Object, End, Circumstances 182 5. Indifferent, Good, and Meritorious Acts 185 Natural and Moral Goodness 186 Morally Good, Bad, and Indifferent 192 Merit, Demerit, and Indifference to Merit 200 The Shift to the Interior Act 218 Conclusion 221 Bibliography 229 Index 247 viii Acknowledgments This book has its proximate origin during a 2009–2010 sabbat- ical at the Thomas-Institut, University of Cologne, which was funded by an Alexander von Humboldt Fellowship for Experi- enced Researchers. I owe special gratitude to Andreas Speer, the director of the Thomas-Institut, and to the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. I profited from my interaction with the many fine scholars at the Thomas-Institut, including but not limited to Guy Guldentops, Thomas Jeschke, Smilen Markov, Maxime Mauriège, and Ubaldo Villani-Lubelli. Wolfram Klatt, the librarian, was extraordinarily generous to me. Timothy Noone, Peter Eardley, Jeffrey Brouwer, and Tobias Hoffmann were generous with their advice. Many colleagues at the Center of Thomistic Studies at the University of St. Thomas, including especially Steven Jensen and Rollen Edward Houser, gave encouragement and correction. Steven Jensen assisted me both through discussion and by making remarks on the entire text. Two students, Charles Robertson and John Macias, pro- vided much-needed help with the manuscript. The anonymous readers caught several mistakes and infelicities and gave many suggestions for improvement. ix

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This book sets out a thematic presentation of human action, especially as it relates to morality, in the three most significant figures in Medieval Scholastic thought: Thomas Aquinas, John Duns Scotus, and William of Ockham. Thomas, along with his teacher Albert the Great, was instrumental in the me
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Most books are stored in the elastic cloud where traffic is expensive. For this reason, we have a limit on daily download.