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HTML, XHTML & CSS QuickSteps About the Author Guy Hart-Davis is the author of more than 50 computer books, including PC QuickSteps, Second Edition, Mac OS X Leopard QuickSteps, and How to Do Everything: iPod, iTunes & iPhone, Fifth Edition. HTML, XHTML & CSS QuickSteps GUY HART-DAVIS New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. ISBN: 978-0-07-163318-5 MHID: 0-07-163318-9 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: ISBN: 978-0-07-163317-8, MHID: 0-07-163317-0. All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. 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Under no circumstances shall McGraw-Hill and/or its licensors be liable for any indirect, incidental, special, punitive, consequential or similar damages that result from the use of or inability to use the work, even if any of them has been advised of the possibility of such damages. This limitation of liability shall apply to any claim or cause whatsoever whether such claim or cause arises in contract, tort or otherwise. This book is dedicated with thanks to Roger Stewart. This page intentionally left blank Contents at a Glance Chapter 1 Creating Your First Web Pages with HTML and XHTML ....1 Begin and organize your website, choose HTML tools, create web 1 pages, and describe and check your web pages. Chapter 2 Choosing a Web Host and Getting Your Own Website ... 27 Understand the basics of the Web; choose a web host or ISP; plan, 2 design, and create your site; and transfer it to the Web. Chapter 3 S tructuring Web Pages and Applying Manual Formatting ................................. 45 Apply manual formatting, create lists, apply indents and alignment, 3 use inline styles, and work with the style attribute. Chapter 4 Adding Graphics to Your Web Pages..................... 67 Create or acquire graphics files, add and format inline graphics, 4 place background graphics, and create an HTML signature file. Chapter 5 Adding Links ........................................................... 81 Link to another web page or the same page, create links that download 5 files or send e-mail, create imagemaps, and add audio and video. Chapter 6 Creating Tables ....................................................... 97 Create a table, add rows and columns, format table borders, format 6 and group cells, and create nested tables. Chapter 7 Creating Frames ...................................................119 Create frameset documents and component documents, lay out the 7 frames, add alternative text, and create inline frames. Chapter 8 A pplying Formatting Using Cascading Style Sheets .............................135 Create style rules; create embedded and external style sheets; set alignment, indents, margins, and line height; and create floating 8 two-column and three-column layouts. Chapter 9 C reating Web Pages Using the Microsoft Office Applications .............159 Configure web options, insert hyperlinks, and create web pages 9 using Word or from your spreadsheets and presentations. Chapter 10 Using Forms and Scripts ......................................183 Create forms to collect information, create a login form, and use 1 0 scripts in your web pages. Index .........................................................................................201 Windows XP QuHicTkMStLe,p XsHTMStLo &ri nCgS ISn fQourmicakStiotenps vviiii This page intentionally left blank Contents Acknowledgments.. .....................................................................xv Introduction ............................................................................. xvii Chapter 1 Creating Your First Web Pages with HTML and XHTML ...................................................1 1 Understanding Tools for Creating HTML ......................................................2 Understand HTML, XML, XHTML, and HTML 5 ..............................................2 HTML ..................................................................................................................2 XML ......................................................................................................................3 XHTML ................................................................................................................3 HTML 5 ...............................................................................................................3 Organizing Your Site .........................................................................................4 Which Version of HTML Should You Use? ....................................................4 Get Started with Your Website ...............................................................................4 Create a Folder for Your Website .....................................................................4 Open Notepad ....................................................................................................5 Understanding the DOCTYPE Declaration ...................................................6 Create a Web Page and Adding Content to It ......................................................6 Create the Page’s Structure ...............................................................................6 Understanding the Header and the Body ......................................................8 Add Header and Body Tags .............................................................................8 Add Content to the Page ..................................................................................9 Apply Formatting ............................................................................................14 Add a Picture ....................................................................................................14 Add Hyperlinks and Tags, and Reloading Pages .............................................16 Add a Hyperlink ..............................................................................................16 Create Linked Files ..........................................................................................18 Describe Your Pages with Meta Tags ............................................................20 Reload a Page Automatically .........................................................................20 Understanding How Search Engines Work .................................................21 Redirect the Browser to Another Page ..........................................................21 Validate Your HTML and Checking Your Pages ...............................................22 Validate Your HTML with the W3C Markup Validation Service ..............22 Check Your Pages with Other Browsers .......................................................23 Chapter 2 Choosing a Web Host and Getting Your Own Website ................................. 27 2 Understand Web Basics ........................................................................................27 Understanding IPv4 and IPv6 .......................................................................28 Understand Web Clients and Servers ...........................................................28 Access a Web Page ...........................................................................................29 Understanding URLs ......................................................................................30 Choose a Web Host ...............................................................................................30 Assess Your Requirements .............................................................................30 Windows XP QuiHckTSMtLe,p XsHTMStLo r&in CgS ISnf QorumicaktSiotenps iixx