Hoyerfly species (Diptera, Syrphidae) collected near Rowardennan, Loch Lomondside, August, 2011

2012·2.1 MB·English

by  E Geoffrey Hancock

the British Isles: their cause, seasonality and trivitfatiis, Meli.scaeva compositorwn, M.
impact. Biologia, 53: 537-545. umhellatorum and Scaeva pyrastri. One of the more
Whitton. B.A. (2000). Increases in nuisance macro- interesting species is Eriozona syrphoides which
algae in rivers: a review. Verb. Inf. Verein. LimnoL, became established in Britain about 40 years ago in
27: 1257-125. association with spruce plantations. These trees support
an aphid species, Cinara piceae (Panzer), that the
larvae utilise as a food source. There are only thirteen
other lOKm Ordnance Survey grid squares in Scotland
where it has been seen since 2000 (Ball, etal., 2011).
Hoverfly species (Diptera,
Syrphidae) collected near An outstanding addition to Scotland’s fauna as a result
Rowardennan, Loch Lomondside, of this meeting is Ferdinandea riificornis. The latest
distributional data show no known records north of
August, 2011 Yorkshire (Ball, et al., 2011). This species is regarded
as rare or even endangered in many areas ofmainland
E. Geoffrey Hancock Europe. Like its more common sibling, F. cuprea, the
larvae develop in sap in deciduous trees. Often, but not
The Hunterian, Zoology Museum, Graham Ken- exclusively, these are oak trees in which this resource
Building, University ofGlasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ has been created by the tunnelling activities ofthe goat
moth (Cossus cossu.s Linn.). The larvae ofF. ruficornis
E-mail: Geoff.hancock(@glasgow.ac.uk have not been described (Rotheray, 1993) but arc
presumed to be very similar to F. cuprea. Goat moths
are known from Central Scotland but arc rare and have
A field outing to the Scottish Centre for Ecology and not been positively recorded on Lochlomondside
the Natural Environment (SCENE) at Rowardennan, (Knowler, 2010). Combined searching for the larvae of
Stirlingshire, followed the Sixth International the moth and both species ofFerdinandea in the area
Symposium on the Syiphidae (Diptera). It was the final around SCENE is an obvious strategy. More details of
day of this biennial meeting, held at the Hunterian the Lochlomondside finding ofF. ruficornis have been
Museum, University of Glasgow, during which 72 written up (Ricarte, etal., 2011).
delegates had debated and discussed the systematics,
ecology and biology of the hoverflies on a worldwide Species list in alphabetical order
scale. The field outing on 8‘'’ August was essentially an Nomenclature follows Chandler (1998) with any
oppoi-tunity to relax after three days of being indoors changes or species added since then given in Ball et al.
listening to lectures and viewing poster presentations (2011). The asterisk * denotes records that were
on research in progress. A number of the delegates provided by Jeroen van Steenis just south of the field
station on 2"‘* August, 2011, within the same NGR
took the opportunity to record the hoverfly species that
could be seen around the immediate environs of the lOKm square as SCENE.
SCENE field station buildings on the Ross peninsula. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The following list is the product ofthis effort and is a
good representation of the expected fauna. The sunny Thanks are due to Glasgow Natural History Society,
weather undoubtedly helped in producing a total of63 British Entomological and Natural History Society,
species, a few ofwhich are commented on individually Dipterists Forum, Malloch Society, B&S
in the following two paragraphs. Entomological Supplies and the Samuel Wendell
Williston Diptera Research Fund (administered by the
During the symposium a new edition of distribution Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA) as
maps for hoverflies in the United Kingdom was sponsors ofthe Symposium. Excellent hospitality was
launched which contains new data on altitudinal and provided at SCENE, and particular thanks to Rona
habitat preferences and phenology. Analyses oftrends Brennan, bursar and provider ofcatering. The compiler
have been included forboth recording effort and recent of this list is grateful to all the participants for their
changes in species’ ranges (Ball, et a!., 2011). This efforts and company on the day.
publication is used here to indicate species that deserve
special mention for various reasons. Some are scarce in
the north of Britain such as Cheilosiaproximo and C.
vernalis. Species that require good quality wooded
habitat include Arcfophila snperbiens, Ferdinandea
cuprea and Xylota jakiiatorum. Although these three
species have been recorded previously in the area it is
good to know they are still resident. With similar
habitat requirements, but developing as larvae in
woodland fungi, are records of Cheilo.sia longula and
C. scutellata. Generally scarce species oflocal note are
Didea fasciata, Dasysyrphus pinastri, Helophilns
135
Species Recorder
Arctophilasuperbiens(Muller) * (JvS)
Bacchaelongata(Fabricius) (MR)
Cheilosiaantiqua(Meigen) (ASs)
CheihsiabetgenstammiBecker (EGH, JvS; WvS)
Cheliosiafratema(Meigen) (RM)
Cheilosiailhislrata(Hams) (JSetal)
Cheilosiakmgula(Zetterstedt) (WvS)
Cheilosiaproxima(Zetterstedt) * (JvS)
Cheilosiasciitellata(Fallen) (JvS; WvS)
Cheilosiavemalis(Fallen) (MR)
Chiysogastersolstitialis (Fallen) (ASs)
Chiysotoxiimarcuatiwi(Linnaeus) (ASs; JSetal; WvS)
Chiysofoxiini hicinctum (Linnaeus) (ASs; JSetal;JvS)
Dasysyrphusalbostriatus(Fallen) (EGH; MM)
Dasysyrphiispinastri(DeGeer) (KW)
Dasysyrphus tricinctiis(Fallen) (EGH; JSetal; JvS)
DideafasciataMacquart (ASs)
Epistrophegrossulariae(Meigen) (AR; EGH; KW; WvS)
Episyrplnishalteatus(De Geer) (ASs; EGH; JSetal; KW; RW; WvS;ZN)
Eriozonasyrphoides (Fallen) (ASs)
ErisfalisahusiviisCollin * (JvS)
Eristalis interniptus(Poda) (RM)
Eristalis intricarius(Linnaeus) (NJ; JSetal)
Eristalispertinax(Scopoli) (AR; ASs; EGH; JSetal; KW; RW; WvS)
Eiipeodescorollae(Fabricius) (JSetal)
Ferdinandeacuprea(Scopoli) (MR)
Ferdinandearuficornis(Fabricius) (JQ; detemiined by AR& ZN]
Helophiliispendulus(Linnaeus) (JSetal; KW; WvS;)
Helophilustrivittatus (Fabricius) (JSet al)
Leucozoiiahicoriim (Linnaeus) (JSet al; KW; RW; WvS)
Leiicozonaglaucia(Linnaeus) (AR; ASs; JSet al; KW; WvS;ZN)
Melangymacompositarum(VeiTall) (AR; WvS; ZN)
Melaugy’uawnhellatarum (Fabricius) * (JvS) [a female]
Melanostomamellinum (Linnaeus) (ASs,JSet al; WvS; ZN)
Melanostomascalare(Fabricius) (ASs; JSetal; KW; RW; WvS;ZN)
Meliscaevaaiiricollis(Meigen) (ASs; JvS; WvS)
Meliscaevacinctella(Zetterstedt) (AR; ASs; JSet al; KW; RW; WvS; ZN)
Myathropaflorea(Linnaeus) (AR; ASs; JSetal; JvS; WvS)
Neoasciapodagarica(Fabricius) (MR; JSetal)
Orthonevranobilis (Fallen) (RM)
Platycheirusalhimanus (Fabricius) (ASs; JSetal KW; JvS; WvS;ZN)
;
Platy'cheirusclypeatus(Meigen) (ASs; JSetal; MR)
Playcheinisfuliviventris(Macquart) (RM)
Platycheirusgranditarsis(Forster) (JSetal)
PlatycheirusnielseniVockereth (WvS)
PlatycheirusoccultusGoeldlin deT., ctal. (WvS)
Platycheiruspeltatus(Meigen) (ASs)
Rhingiacampestris Meigen * (JvS)
Riponnensiasplendem(Meigen) (AR; ZN)
Scaevaselenitica(Meigen) (AR; WvS; ZN)
Sericomyiasilentis(Harris) (AR; ASs;JSetal; KW; RW; WvS; ZN)
Sphaerophoriainterrupta(Fabricius) * (JvS)
Spheginaclimipes(Fallen) (JvS; MR)
Spheginaelegans Schummel (JvS; WvS)
Spheginasibirica Stackelberg (AR; ASs; JSetal; NJ; WvS; ZN)
Syrittapipiens (Linnaeus) (JSetal)
Syrphusribesii(Linnaeus) (AR; ZN)
SyrphiistorvusOsten Sacken (WvS)
Syrphus vitripennis Meigen (AR; KW; JSetal; WvS; ZN)
Volucellapellucens(Linnaeus) (AS; ZN)
Xylotajakatorum Bagachanova (WvS)
Xylotasegnis(Linnaeus) (AR; ASs; EGH; JSetal; KW; RW; WvS;ZN)
Xylotasylvarum (Linnaeus) * (JvS)
Recorders
Antonio Ricarte (AR); Alan Stubbs (AS); Axel Ssymank (ASs); Geoff Hancock (EGH); Javier Quinto (JQ); Jeroen van Steenis
(JvS); Menno Reemer(MR); Nigel Jones (NJ); John Smit, Maarten de Groot; Catalina Guitterez-Chacon, Jiri Hadrava (JH), Michael
Mikal, workingas agroup (JSet al), MiriamMorales(MM); RogerMonis (RM); Richard Weddle(RW); Woutervan Steenis(WvS);
Kenn Watt (KW); Zorika Nedeljkovic (ZN).
136
REFERENCES (Maitland et al. 1994; Gardiner et al. 1995). Despite
Ball, S.G., Morris, R.K.S., Rotheray, G.E. and Watt, extensive sampling of larval habitat around the Loch
K.R. (2011). Atlas ofthe hoverjlies ofGreatBritain Lomond basin in recent years, sea lamprey
(Diptera, Syphidae). Wallingford, Biological ammocoetes have until now only been recorded in the
Records Centre, pp. 183. RiverLeven.
Chandler, P. J. (1998). Checklists of British Insects
(New Series) Diptera, 12. Royal Entomological On March 2U* 2012 a single sea lamprey ammocoete
Society ofLondon, London. was collected immediately downstream of Drymen
Knowler, J.T. (2010). An annotated checklist of the Bridge on the Endrick Water (NS 473 874) in static
larger moths of Stirlingshire, West Perthshire and traps designed to capture adult lampreys on their
Dunbartonshire. Glasgow, Glasgow Natural History upstream spawning migration. This individual
mm
Society, pp. 143. measured 151 in total length and was 4.6 g wet
Ricarte, A., Nedeljkovic, Z. and Quinto, J. (2011). weight. Positive identification as Petromyzon as
Ferdinandea ruficornis (Fabricius) (Diptera, opposed to Lampetra spp. was confirmed from the
Syrphidae) new to Scotland. Dipterists Digest 18: following meristic and morphometric characteristics
119-120. (Fig. 1): trunk myomeres 71 {P. marinus 61-1A',
Rotheray, G.E. (1993). Colour guide to hoverfly larvae Lampetra spp. 58-64), oral hood fully pigmented
(Diptera, Syrphidae). DipteristsDigest9: 1-155. {Lampetra spp. upper/lower lip unpigmented), caudal
fill spade-like {Lampetra spp. typically rounded),
robust head region {Lampetra spp. distinct pre-nostril
region) (Renaud 2011). Sea lamprey larval duration is
First record of larval sea lamprey typically five years, although it can be as long as 19
years as growth rates vary enormously, so an accurate
Petromyzon marinus L. in the age estimate of just one individual is fraught with
Endrick Water, Loch Lomond uncertainty. Based on typical values from other U.K.
populations this individual is likely to be 3-5 years old,
J. B. Hume & C. E. Adams indicating that spawning took place in the Endrick
Water at sometime between May/June 2007-2009
Scottish Centre forEcology & the Natural (Hardisty 1969; Bird et al. 1994).
Environment, Institute ofBiodiversity, Animal Health
&
Comparative Medicine, University ofGlasgow,
Glasgow, G12 8QQ.
E-mail:j.hume.l(^research.gla.ac.uk
Three lamprey species are known to occur in Scotland:
European river LampetrafJuviatilis and brook lamprey
L planeri, and the sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus.
Although detailed records of their distribution remain
scarce, lampreys have been sampled from 79 Scottish
regions (ERA 2005). The sea lamprey is the rarest
species in both records and surveys and has been
recorded nationally in just 35 rivers, although their
continuingpresence in some is uncertain (ERA 2005). Fig. 1, P. marinus ammocoete
The Endrick Water drains the South East catchment of
Throughout Scotland larval Petromyzon are recorded in
Loch Lomond into its south basin. The river contains very low densities compared with Lampetra spp., even
scientifically important populations ofbrook and river in rivers known to contain strong adult spawning
lamprey, and has been designated a Special Area of populations (APEM 2004; ERA 2004; Watt et al.
Conservation (SAC) and Site of Special Scientific
2008). There remains the possibility that sea lamprey
Interest (SSSI) as a result (Bond 2003; Hume 2011).
spawn in the Endrick Water in small numbers, but; that
Although several lamprey surveys have been
adults are not detected because trapping methodology
conducted in recent years (M&aitland et al. 1994; excludes the larger body size of mature sea lamprey,
Gardiner et al. 1995; Gardiner Stewart 1997, 1999; and sea lamprey ammocoetes are not detected during
Forth Fisheries Foundation 2004; Hume 2011; Watt et
routine surveys due to their inherent scarcity.
al. 2011) adult sea lamprey have been recorded only
Currently, the Endrick Water is a stronghold for
very occasionally in the Endrick Water, and they have
lamprey in Scotland, with both L. fluviatilis and L.
not been observed since the 1960s (Hunter et al. 1959;
planeri populations being ofinternational conservation
Maitland 1966). Spawning is believed to be restricted importance (Bond 2003). Ifindeed this isolated record
to the efferent River Leven between the barrage (NS
oflarval P. marinus represents the first indication that
393 894) and footbridge (NS 394 793) in Balloch
137