How to Write in Arabic

197 Pages·2009·1.96 MB·English

by  El Mustapha Lahlali

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How to Write in Arabic w

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El Mustapha Lahlali o

This book is designed to help learners of Arabic at all levels develop W
and refine their writing skills, focusing on the structure of Arabic
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sentences and paragraphs, and the cohesive links between them.
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It provides a variety of phrases and idiomatic expressions that can e
be used in writing and places great emphasis on writing in different
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genres, including literary and media texts. Learners are also introduced n
to the cultural aspects of writing, such as writing and responding to
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different types of letters.
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A chapter on creative writing in Arabic is featured to encourage a
learners to utilise their vocabulary and grammar skills, and a chapter b
on learners' writing errors will enable readers to reflect on the type of i
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mistakes they may make in their writing, and how to overcome them.
Key Features
•Includes a broad range of writing genres such as letters,
summaries and articles
How to Write in
•Provides a theoretical and practical guide on how to use
connectors and cohesive devices
•Helps the learner accumulate a wide range of vocabulary in context
Arabic
•Challenges the learner with a variety of Arabic writing exercises
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El Mustapha Lahlali is a Lecturer in the Department of Arabic and l
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Middle Eastern Studies at the University of Leeds. u
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ISBN 978 0 7486 3588 7
El Mustapha Lahlali
Edinburgh University Press
22 George Square
Edinburgh E
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EH8 9LF i
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www.euppublishing.com
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Cover image: www.istockphoto.com r
Cover design: www.paulsmithdesign.com g
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How to Write in Arabic
IINN00002233 -- 0000 LLAAHHLLAALLII ppaaggeess ii--iivv..iinndddd ii 1100//66//0099 1100::3388::0033
IINN00002233 -- 0000 LLAAHHLLAALLII ppaaggeess ii--iivv..iinndddd iiii 1100//66//0099 1100::3388::0033
How to Write in Arabic
El Mustapha Lahlali
Edinburgh University Press
IINN00002233 -- 0000 LLAAHHLLAALLII ppaaggeess ii--iivv..iinndddd iiiiii 1100//66//0099 1100::3388::0033
© El Mustapha Lahlali, 2009
Edinburgh University Press Ltd
22 George Square, Edinburgh
www.euppublishing.com
Typeset in 11/13 Times
by Servis Filmsetting Ltd, Stockport, Cheshire, and
printed and bound in Great Britain by
CPI Antony Rowe, Chippenham and Eastbourne
A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN 978 0 7486 3587 0 (hardback)
ISBN 978 0 7486 3588 7 (paperback)
The right of El Mustapha Lahlali
to be identifi ed as author of this work
has been asserted in accordance with
the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
IINN00002233 -- 0000 LLAAHHLLAALLII ppaaggeess ii--iivv..iinndddd iivv 1100//66//0099 1100::3388::0033
Contents
vii Acknowledgements
ix Introduction
1 Unit 1: Connectors ﻂﺑﺍﻭﺮﻟﺍ :ﻰﻟﻭﻷﺍ ﺓﺪﺣﻮﻟﺍ
2 ﻲﻓﺎﺿﻹﺍ ﻂﺑﺮﻟﺍ
3 ﻲﻛﺍﺭﺪﺘﺳﻹﺍ ﻂﺑﺮﻟﺍ
4 ﻲﻨﻣﺰﻟﺍ ﻂﺑﺮﻟﺍ
6 ءﺎﺼﺣﻹﺍ
8 ﺔﻴﺒﺒﺴﻟﺍ
8 ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻨﻟﺍ
9 ﺔﻧﺭﺎﻘﻤﻟﺍ
10 ﺔﻳﺎﻬﻨﻟﺍﻭ ءﺪﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﻋ
12 ﺭﺎﺼﺘﺧﻹﺍ
12 ﻱﺃﺮﻟﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺮﻴﺒﻌﺘﻟﺍ
14 ﻞﺜﻤﻟﺍ
15 ﻝﺎﻤﺘﺣﻹﺍ
16 ﺹﻮﺼﻨﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻖﻴﻠﻌﺘﻠﻟ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﻋ
17 ﺭﺍﺮﺻﻹﺍ
18 ﺭﻮﻌﺸﻟﺍﻭ ﺱﺎﺴﺣﻹﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺮﻴﺒﻌﺘﻟﺍ
18 ﻦﻣ ﻢﻏﺮﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ – ﻦﻣ ﻢﻏﺮﻟﺎﺑ – ﻢﻏﺭ : ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﻂﺑﺮﻟﺍ
19 ﻯﺮﺧﺃﺮﻴﺑﺎﻌﺗﻭ ﻂﺑﺍﻭﺭ
20 ﺓﺩﺮﻔﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﻭﺩﺃ
21 ءﺎﻨﺜﺘﺳﻹﺍ ﺕﺍﻭﺩﺃ
22 ﺔّﻴﻁﺮﺸّ ﻟﺍ ﻞﻤﺠﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻂﺑﺮﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﻭﺩﺃ
23 ﻞﻤﺠﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻂﺑﺮﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ (ﺪﺑﻻ) ﻝﺎﻤﻌﺘﺳﺍ
25 ﺕﺍﺮﻘﻔﻟﺍ ﺔﺑﺎﺘﻛ
34 Unit 2: Letters ﻞﺋﺎﺳﺮﻟﺍ :ﺔﻴﻧﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﺣﻮﻟﺍ
34 ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺷ ﺔﻟﺎﺳﺭ
37 ﺔﺌﻨﻬﺗ ﺔﻟﺎﺳﺭ
40 ﺔﺌﻨﻬﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﺮﻟﺍ
41 ﺐﺣ ﺔﻟﺎﺳﺭ
46 ﺔﻳﺰﻌﺗ ﺔﻟﺎﺳﺭ
50 ﺭﺍﺬﺘﻋﺇ ﺔﻟﺎﺳﺭ
53 ﻯﻮﻜﺷ ﺔﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﺔﺑﺎﺘﻛ
56 ﺔﻔﻴﻅﻭ ﺐﻠﻁ
59 ﺔﻴﺗﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺓﺮﻴﺴﻟﺍ ﺔﺑﺎﺘﻛ
61 ﺔﻟﺎﻘﺘﺳﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺳﺭ
63 ﺔﻴﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﻹﺍ ﻞﺋﺎﺳﺮﻟﺍ ﺔﺑﺎﺘﻛ
64 ﺓﺮﻛﺪﻣ ﺔﺑﺎﺘﻛ
65 ﺕﺎﻧﻼﻋﻹ ﺝﺫﺎﻤﻧ
67 Unit 3: Stylistic Expressions and Vocabulary ﺔﻴﺑﻮﻠﺳﺃ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﻋ:ﺔﺜﻟﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﺣﻮﻟﺍ
67 ﺔﻗﺪﻟﺍﻭ ﻞﻴﺼﻔﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﻋ
68 ﺬﻬﺠﻟﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺮﻴﺒﻌﺘﻠﻟ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﻋ
69 ﺱﺎﺴﺣﻹﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺮﻴﺒﻌﺘﻠﻟ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﻋ
71 ﺱﻮﻤﻠﻣ ﻦﺴﺤﺗ ﻦﻋ ﺮﻴﺒﻌﺘﻠﻟ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﻋ
71 ﻞﺸﻔﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﺒﻴﺨﻟﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺮﻴﺒﻌﺘﻠﻟ ﻝﺎﻌﻓﺃﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﻋ
73 ﺮﻫﺪﻟﺍﻭ ﺖﻗﻮﻟﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺮﻴﺒﻌﺘﻠﻟ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﻋ
74 ﺔﻳﺭﺎﺠﺗﻭ ﺔﻳﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﻋﻭ ﻝﺎﻌﻓﺃ
77 ﺔﻴﺑﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﻋ
78 ﺓﻮﻘﻟﺍﻭ ﻒﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﻋ
82 ﻞﻴﻤﺠﻟﺎﺑ ﻑﺍﺮﺘﻋﻻﺍ
82 ﺩﺎﻘﺘﻋﻻﺍﻭ ﻚﺸﻟﺍ
84 ﻊﻟﻮﻟﺍﻭ ﻞﻴﻤﻟﺍ
84 ﺔﻧﺎﺒﺠﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻋﺎﺠﺸﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﺃﺮﺠﻟﺍ
93 Unit 4: Writing Articles ﺕ ﻻﺎﻘﻣ ﺔﺑﺎﺘﻛ :ﺔﻌﺑﺍﺮﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﺣﻮﻟﺍ
93 ﺺﻴﺨﻠﺗ ﺔﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻛ
94 ﺹﻮﺼﻨﻟﺍ ﺺﻴﺨﻠﺗ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺪﻋﺎﺴﺗ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﻋ
100 ﺔﻤﺗﺎﺧﻭ ﺔﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﺔﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻛ
103 ﻱﺭﺎﺒﺧﺇ ﻝﺎﻘﻣ ﺔﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻛ
113 ﻲﺑﺩﺃ ﻝﺎﻘﻣ /ءﺎﺸﻧﺇ ﺔﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻛ
125 ﻲﻧﻮﻳﺰﻔﻠﺗ ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺒﻟ ﺔﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﺝﺫﻮﻤﻧ
127 Unit 5: Creative Writing ﺔ ﻴﻋﺍﺪﺑﻹﺍ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺘﻜﻟﺍ :ﺔﺴﻣﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﺣﻮﻟﺍ
127 ﺓﺮﻴﺼﻘﻟﺍ ﺔﺼﻘﻟﺍ ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺗ
128 ﺔﻴﻏﻼﺑ ﺢﻣﻼﻣ
134 ﺓﺮﻴﺼﻘﻟﺍ ﺔﺼﻘﻟﺍ ﺢﻣﻼﻣ
143 Answers
151 Appendix 1: Analysing Students’ Errors ﺔﻴﺑﺎﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﺏﻼﻄﻟﺍ ءﺎﻄﺧﺃ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗﻭ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺩ
164 Appendix 2: Expressions in Context ﻕ ﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﻋ
vi
Acknowledgements
I would like to express my gratitude to all those who made this book possible. I wish to
thank first and foremost my colleagues in the department of Arabic and Middle Eastern
Studies, University of Leeds, for their support and encouragement. My special thanks
go to James Dale for his valuable comments on a draft of this book. I would also like to
thank Nicola Ramsey, Edinburgh University Press, for supporting this project.
I am obliged to Brigit Viney for her valuable feedback and comments on a draft of
this book.
My heartfelt appreciation also goes to all my friends for their support, help and
encouragement. Special thanks go to my friend Naemi Nakagawa for her encourage-
ment throughout the writing stages of this book.
Lastly, and most importantly, I would like to express my warm thanks to my
parents, brothers and sisters for their unfailing love, encouragement and support.
vii

Introduction
The chief aims of this book are to help learners of Arabic at higher-intermediate and
advanced levels to:
1 develop and refine their writing skills in Arabic;
2 achieve a degree of competency in writing with efficient Arabic style, through
a wide range of Arabic writing exercises;
3 learn Arabic linguistic features which are necessary for fluent writing styles;
4 adopt Arabic stylistics with a view to enhancing their Arabic writing;
5 become familiar with different aspects of writing, such as letters, summaries,
articles, etc.;
6 acquire vocabulary for their writing usage.
In order for the above-mentioned aims to be achieved, this textbook provides practi-
cal sessions and exercises which are designed solely to meet the objectives set for this
textbook. Each unit contains a wide range of exercises which will enable learners to
practise the concepts introduced in each unit.
Why this textbook?
Over the last few years, many books have been published on Arabic grammar and
Arabic literature, but there is not, to my knowledge, a comprehensive academic book
on writing in Arabic. Writing is a key skill in any language, and Arabic is no exception.
However, there are not sufficient resources on writing in Arabic for learners of Arabic
as a foreign language. This textbook will enable learners to acquire the ability to write
effectively and fluently in Arabic in both their personal and professional lives. It will
not only be useful to those learners who wish to familiarise themselves with the style
and structure of writing in Arabic, but will also help them build their Arabic vocabu-
lary, with phrases and idiomatic expressions, which will help them improve their style.
There is a section of answers to some of the exercises at the back of the book and this
key will help learners check their answers and facilitate their learning.
The textbook is composed of five units, which have more or less the same structure
and layout, organised into the following topics:
Unit 1: Connectors This unit focuses on the structure of Arabic sentences and para-
graphs, and the cohesive links between them. It introduces learners to different Arabic
cohesive devices, giving examples of their usage in sentences.
ix