How to Think Like a Behavior Analyst: Understanding the Science That Can Change Your Life PDF
Preview How to Think Like a Behavior Analyst: Understanding the Science That Can Change Your Life
How to Think Like 8 a a . . . Understanding the Science That Can Change Your Life by Jon S. Bailey and Mary R. Burch ~~ ~~o~!~;~~:up New York London Published in Great Britain by Routledge Routledge Taylor & Francis Group Taylor & Francis Group 711 Third Avenue 2 Park Square New York, NY 10017 Milton Park, Abingdon Oxon OX14 4RN © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group Originally published by Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Reprinted by Routledge in 2009 10 9 8 lntcmationul Standard Hook Number-13: 978-0-8058-5888-4 (Softcover) Except as permitted by U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmined, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying. microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks. and are used only for identiftcation and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging-In-Publication Data Catalog record is available from the Library of Congress Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandrrancis.com and the Routledge Web site at http://www.routledge.com Dedication To my mother, Noreen Bailey, who never understood what I did, and to Jack Michael, who understood everything. -]on Bailey And to my husband, who said, "You ought to write books." -Mary Burch Contents Preface liii m Introduction CIN;p~ One- Basic Concepts 1 1. What is behavior analysis? Is it psychotherapy? 3 2. It's called behavior analysis; just what does analysis 7 mean and how exactly do you analyze someone's behavior? 3. Is behavior analysis a science or is it just another 12 form of clinical treatment? 4. What exactly is evidence-based treatment? 16 Isn't there evidence for all treatments? 5. Who provides direct behavior-based services? 19 6. Is behavior really all that predictable? 24 7. So, behavior analysts don't have theories, 28 they just have data? Summary of Basic Concepts 32 Page vii 18. What is the difference between behavioral research 70 and behavioral treatment? 19. Is it really possible to find the cause of a certain 72 behavior? 20. I took my dog to obedience school and he learned to 75 walk on a leash, sit, and stay, but he still jumps on people at home and he won't come when I call him if he gets loose in the neighborhood. Does this mean that behavior shaping doesn't work with dogs? ~w, A~ General Issues of Behavior 79 21. Does behavior analysis work with groups? 81 22. What is a history of reinforcement? Do people have 85 their own unique histories of reinforcement? 23. Is all behavior learned? 91 24. Can you really replace a behavior? Can habits really 93 be broken? The Behavioral Take on Other 99 Fields of Psychology 25. What do behavior analysts think of counseling? I 101 know it is often recommended for personal problems that people have. 26. What do you think of the disease model of behavior? 106 I've also heard this called the medical model. 27. What is the behavioral position on depression, 109 schizophrenia, obsessive compulsive disorder and other mental" disorders? c Contents Page ix Ouip~ 1W~ Applications 35 8. Can you use behavior analysis in "real life»? 37 9. Can I use behavioral procedures to help me improve 41 my own behavior or enhance my performance? 10. My roommate (spouse, boyfriend, child, etc.), is 44 driving me crazy; can any of this help me get along with him? 11. Why is behavior analysis so popular in the treatment 48 of developmentally disabled individuals? 12. rve read that behavior analysis is used with autistic 51 children too. How do you work with autistic children? 13. We know that you can use behavior analysis with 54 children, but what about with senior citizens or older people? 14. What do behavior analysts think about changing 56 behavior in a business setting? 15. What about other areas of application such as the 59 community? Does behavior analysis work there too? 16. What do you think the future holds for behavior 62 analysis research? Is it primarily focusing on developmentally disabled individuals? C/Mp~ ~ The Science and Technology 65 of Beha11ior 17. Behavioral research methods seem to be quite 67 different from any other psychology that I have studied, is that right? Page viii Contents 28. What do behavior analysts think of cognitive 112 psychology? Do they believe in IQ? What about motivation and emotions? Basic Skepticism 119 29. You seem so skeptical of other approaches. Can you 121 tell me why? 30. What is the behavioral position on freedom and free 125 will? 31. What is your standard of proof? What I mean is, 128 what does it take for you to believe that a treatment or procedure is effective? C/Mpfell, $even Myths and the Media 131 32. Some people refer to reinforcement as a form of 133 bribery. Do you agree with that? 33. If you use behavioral procedures like food treats and 136 tokens with your kids, will they get to where they only work for reinforcers? 34. I heard that Skinner raised his children in a box and 139 that they became mentally ill and that one sued him. Is this true? 35. I saw Dr. Phil on TV one time and he sounded sort of 142 like a behaviorist. He was talking about consequences of behavior and taking responsibility. He's known for asking, "How's that working for you?" What do you think of him? 36. Is the "Supernanny" just a behavior analyst with a 146 British accent? Page x Contents CiMptMr ~'# Getting Started in a Career 149 in Beha\'ior Analysis 37. What exactly is the job of a behavior analyst and 151 what are the educational requirements? I'm not sure what degree I should get in graduate school. 38. What kind of jobs and professional opportunities are 154 available for behavior analysts? 39. How do you get started in this field? 156 40. How do I become a Board Certified Behavior 158 Analyst™? 41. Can I receive certification while I am in graduate 159 school? 42. What is the daily routine of a behavior analyst? 160 43. Do you always work one on one with clients? 162 44. What skills are involved in being successful in 164 applied behavior analysis? 45. What steps do you need to take to work 167 competitively in this field? 46. How does applied behavior analysis relate to 170 performance management? I think I might be interested in working in a business setting when I graduate. CiMptMr 'lluw Beha\'ior Analyst Code of Ethics 173 4 7. Is there a code of ethics that behavior analysts must 157 follow? 48. Do behavior analysts believe in punishment? 177 Contents Page xi 49. Is it ethical to try to change someone else's behavior 180 without his or her permission? 50. When you are introduced to someone as a behavior 183 analyst, what do you say when a person asks if you are going to analyze his or her behavior? References and Recommended Reading 185 Glossary 189 Appendix 195 Author Index 197 Subject Index 199 Page xii Contents
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