How Capitalism Underdeveloped Black America: Problems in Race, Political Economy, and Society

402 Pages·1972·10.1 MB·English

by  Manning Marable

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Praise for the new edition
The reissue of Manning Marable's How Capitalism Underdeveloped Black
America confirms that this is a classic work of political history and social
criticism. Unfortunately, Marable's blistering insights into racial injus
tice and economic inequality remain depressingly relevant. But the
good news is that Marable's prescient analysis-and his eloquent and
self-critical preface to this new edition-will prove critical in helping us
to think through and conquer the oppressive forces that remain.
-Michael Eric Dyson, author of I Mery Not Get There
with You: The True Martin Luther King, Jr.
For those of us who came of political age in the 1980s, Manning
Marable's How Capitalism Underdeveloped Black America was one of our bi
bles. Published during the cold winter of Reaganism, he introduced a
new generation of Black activists/ thinkers to class and gender struggles
within Black communities, the political economy of incarceration, the
limitations of Black capitalism, and the nearly forgotten vision of what a
socialist future might look like. Two decades later, Marable's urgent and
hopeful voice is as relevant as ever.
-Robin D.G. Kelley, author of Yo' Mama's DisFunktional!:
Fighting the Culture Wars in Urban America
For a Latina, How Capitalism Underdeveloped Black America is not only a
powerful analysis of the Black experience; Marable also opens the way
to perceiving our Black-Brown commonalities. Through Marable's
eyes, we see how Chicanos and other Latinos share so much with Afri
can Americans: the importance of learning our true history; of seeing
how our oppression began with the violent seizure of our labor (and
land, in the cases of Mexico and Puerto Rico); the sexist oppression of
women as basic; the need for decent education; and the rise of impris
onment rates-along with internal issues like the role of our middle
class; the church; and the homophobia that dehumanizes us. Above all,
Marable helps us see how all roads point to the need for radical action
by peoples united to win a new, socialist society.
-Elizabeth Martinez, author of De Co/ores Means All of Us:
Latina Views for a Multi-Colored Century
Marable is of that unique band of African-American intellectuals whose
scholarship arises from, and has a direct bearing on, the struggles of or
dinary Black people-and, in the process, throws up the symbiosis be
tween race and class. A new edition of his path-breaking work, How
Capitalism Underdeveloped Black America, should open out these perspec
tives and challenges to a new generation of readers.
-A. Sivanandan, Editor, Race & Class
Following in the footsteps ofW.E.B. DuBois, Oliver C. Cox, and Wal
ter Rodney, Manning Marable's How Capitalism Underdeveloped Black
America is a ground-breaking study of the political economy of Black
America. It has stood the test of time and remains essential reading for
a critical understanding of the interconnection of racism and economic
exploitation.
-Robert L. Allen, Senior Editor, The Black Scholar
In How Capitalism Underdeveloped Black America, Manning Marable cre
ated a classic work that continues to stand as a seminal text for those on
the Left interested in a grounded, coherent, and insightful analysis of
the struggle for Black liberation. For example, long before other pro
gressive activists/ academics were ready to articulate, let alone deal with,
the devastating impact of patriarchy on Black progress, Marable set
forth on just such a path in the pages of this important book. Thus, in
many ways, this text is illustrative ofMarable's own long-standing com
mitment to lead a progressive and revolutionary fight, not the most
popular one. In an age in which public intellectuals with little or no con
nection to the lives and struggles of those they write about and suppos
edly "represent" seem to dominate the scene, it is timely that How
Capitalism Underdeveloped Black America should reappear. Hopefully, this
book will remind us all of the need for serious and grounded analysis
about the condition of those most marginal in our society. It is a must
read (or re-read) for anyone committed to the theory and practice of
struggle.
-Cathy]. Cohen, Political Science and
African-American Studies, Yale University
Professor Manning Marable's How Capitalism Underdeveloped Black Amer
ica remains one of the most informative and insightful books for under
standing historical and contemporary relationships among race, power,
and wealth in the United States. This book reminds us that race and
class divisions continue to represent a fundamental social, economic,
and political reality in this nation. Marable explains how class interests
mold racial policies and politics, but also how Black people, and other
communities of color, as well, reflect and challenge such interests. In
fact, the author shows convincingly how a Black community in alliance
with other communities and mobilized on behalf of a progressive social
and economic agenda remains a serious threat to the capitalist order in
this society.
-James Jennings, Trotter Institute,
University of Massachusetts, Boston
There are influential books-and then there are classics. Marable's How
Capitalism Underdeveloped Black America is a clear case of the latter. Draw
ing upon the interpretive insights of Walter Rodney, the work advanced
nearly all of the central concerns of the African-American struggle for
liberation in a world that continues to be hostile and exploitative. Con
cise and unapologetic, its endurance over the past two decades is a tes
tament to its message of praxis and freedom. South End Press has done
considerable service to the progressive community by bringing a new
edition of this classic work to print.
-Lewis R. Gordon, Chair of Africana Studies and Professor
of Africana Studies, Religious Studie~,
and Modern Culture and Media, Brown University
In 1983, when How Capitalism Underdeveloped Black America first ap
peared, there existed a notable void in the intellectual delineation of the
deteriorating circumstances confronting millions of African Ameri
cans. The 1980 election and subsequent administration of President
Ronald Reagan signaled a national political rotation that would simulta
neously attack Black progress and celebrate capitalism. Although an
earlier generation of Black scholars, such as C.L.R. James and W.E.B.
DuBois, argued that the Black condition in the United States had to be
situated always within a framework that understood and critiqued capi
talism, it was time for a new voice. Already a well-known commentator
and writer on Black life, Manning Marable's breakthrough work
launched a new era in Black scholarship challenging Left and Black or
thodoxy in both the academy and alternative intellectual arenas. How
Capitalism Underdeveloped Black America unfolds as a coherent and com
prehensive work that addresses not only capitalism writ large, but also
specific dimensions of Black life, such as sexism and patriarchy, crimi
nal justice, poverty, religion, and education.
Marable elaborates on the contours of Black life with a scholarly
vigor but in a manner that is accessible, a feature that has continued to
characterize his voluminous body of work. ... How Capitalism Underdevel
oped Black America stands the test of time in many ways. Globalization
has exacerbated, rather than eliminated, all of the contradictions de
scribed by Marable's classic text. A new edition, which updates the
tranformations that happened since 1983, yet retains the basic sound
arguments, is a welcome and pivotal literary and political event.
-Clarence Lusane, author of Race in the Global Era
Praise for the first edition
How Capitalism Underdeveloped Black America is an authentic and grim as
sessment of Black life in the contemporary United States. Its sound
economic analysis and rich historical overview make this a worthy con
tribution to literature.
-5c ience and 5 ociery
How Capitalism Underdeveloped Black America is an important contribution
to the understanding of the U.S. race-class conflict. Its thoroughly re
searched, well-documented array of statistics and historical data com
bined with powerful and well-reasoned arguments make it required
reading for those concerned with the problems of achieving fundamen
tal social change in America .... How Capitalism Underdeveloped Black
America has ... set the standard of achievement for the current genera
tion of Afro-American scholar-activists.
-Race & Class
Manning Marable's book makes an important contribution to Left poli
tics in the U.S .... Marable's discussion constitutes a voice of reason in a
whirlwind of vituperation .... Marable's key achievement lies precisely
in rooting the analysis of Black Americans in the larger framework of
the historical development of capitalism. His "revolutionary critique"
and program of action aim toward the socialist transformation of the
U.S. The book goes far toward placing such a transformation at the
heart of the Black political agenda.
-In These Times
A strongly polemical work.
-Publishers Week[y

How Capitalism Underdeveloped Black America
Updated Edition
Manning Marable