Table Of Content

HOODED AMERICANISM HOODED AMERICANISM The History of the Ku Klux Klan DAVID M. CHALMERS DUKE UNIVERSITY PRESS Durham 1987 Copyright © 1965, 1968, 1981 by David M. Chalmers All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America on acid-ti'ee paper 00 Ninth printing of Duke University Press edition, 2007 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Chalmers, David Mark Hooded Americanism. Reprint. Originally published: New York: F. Watts, c1981. Bibliograpby: p. Includes index. 1. Ku Klux Klan-History. 2. Ku Klux Klan (1915- History. 1. Title. lIIS2330.K63C5 1987] 322/4'2 86-29133 ISBN 0-8223-0730-8 (alk. paper) ISBN 0-8223-0772-3 (pbk. : alk. paper) To Dexter Perkins, Scholar and Teacher CONTENTS Pre/ace: Media Hype and Poor-Boy Politics xi 1. A Quick Look behind the Mask 1 2. The Klan Rides, 1865-71 8 3. The Birth of a Nation 22 4. The Klan Revival, 1915-21 28 5. The Eyes of Texas 39 6. Mayhem and Martial Law in Oklahoma 49 7. The Razorback Klan 56 8. Louisiana: Black Sheets among the Bayous 59 9. Mississippi: Fiery Crosses on the Levee 66 10. Georgia: The Klan Tabernacle 70 11. The Heart of Dixie 78 12. Oregon: Puritanism Repotted 85 13. Success and Schism in the Tarheel State 92 14. Klansmen in the Carolina Piedmont 98 15. The Price of Success 100 16. The Ten-Dollar Special 109 17. Gold-Rush Days in California 119 viii CONTENTS 18. Pikes Peak or Bust 126 19. In Defense of Inland America 135 20. Twisting the Klan's Shirttail in Kansas 143 21. Bad Luck in Minneapolis 149 22. Border-State Klans 152 23. Klan Castles in Indiana 162 24. Mighty Ohio 175 25. The Fighting lllini 183 26. Badger Games in Wisconsin 190 27. White Robes on Woodward A venue 194 28. National Politics 198 29. The Championship Fight in Madison Square Garden 202 30. Anticlimax: The Nineteen Twenty-four Election 213 31. From Canada to the Rio Grande 216 32. Every Man for Himself in Florida 225 33. Attempted Dominion in Virginia 230 34. Riotous Doings in Penn's Woods 236 35. Methodists and Madness in the Garden State 243 36. The E-ri-e Was a-Rising, and the Gin Was Getting Low 254 37. Defending the Puritan Fathers 266 CONTENTS ix 38. The Klan International 279 39. Marching on Washington 281 40. Decline 291 41. Nineteen Twenty-eight, a Year of Perils and Promises 300 42. The Depression Decade, 1929-39 304 43. All Dressed Up But Not Going Anywhere: The Colescott Era 319 44. The Hooded World of Dr. Green 325 45. The Death of the Dragon 335 46. Laissez Faire, Violence, and Confusion in the Late Fifties 343 47. The New Frontiers of the Nineteen Sixties 366 48. The Long Hot Summer 375 49. Declining Power 386 50. Bad Times in the 1970s 397 51. Confrontation, Poor-Boy Politics, and Revival 405 52. Death in Greensboro 416 53. The Enduring Klan 424 Acknowledgments 439 Bibliography 441 Index 465