Hometown Transnationalism: Long Distance Villageness among Indian Punjabis and North African Berbers

225 Pages·2016·0.9 MB·English

by  Thomas Lacroix (auth.)

Migration,DiasporasandCitizenship
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LongDistanceVillagenessamongIndianPunjabisandNorthAfricanBerbers
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Hometown
Transnationalism
Long Distance Villageness among Indian
Punjabis and North African Berbers
Thomas Lacroix
CNRSResearchFellow,UniversityofPoitiers,France
©ThomasLacroix2016
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2016 978-1-137-56720-8
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Lacroix,Thomas,author.
Hometowntransnationalism:longdistancevillageness
amongIndianPunjabisandNorthAfricanBerbers/ThomasLacroix.
pages cm.—(Migration,diasporasandcitizenship)
1. Immigrants—Europe—Societies,etc. 2. Punjabis(SouthAsian
people)—Socialnetworks—Europe. 3. Berbers—Socialnetworks—
Europe. 4. Emigrantremittances. 5. Transnationalism—Economic
aspects. 6. India—Emigrationandimmigration—Socialaspects.
7. Africa,North—Emigrationandimmigration—Socialaspects. I. Title.
JV7590.L332015
305.8914’2104—dc23 2015025764
This book is for Noam, who buoyantly blows in the wind
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Contents
ListofFiguresandTables viii
PrefaceandAcknowledgements ix
Introduction 1
Part I MethodologicalandTheoreticalOutline
1 SelectingGroups:MoroccanChleuhs,AlgerianKabylesand
IndianSikhsinEurope 17
2 OutlineofaStructureandAgencytoHometown
Transnationalism 45
Part II Transnationalism:AnEmergentProcess
3 MigrationandtheVillageLifeworld:Exploringthe
AmbivalenceoftheMigrationAct 61
4 HometownOrganisingandtheMultipolarisationof
Migrants’Lives 85
Part III StatePoliciesandImmigrantVolunteering:
TheDevelopmentalistTurn
5 TheIndianandNorthAfricanVolunteerSectorinEurope 117
6 MigrantOrganisationsandtheNewGovernanceof
Development 145
Conclusion:MovingbeyondthePostmodernTrapof
TransnationalStudies 178
Notes 190
Bibliography 197
Index 211
vii
Figures and Tables
Figures
1.1 Indian,AlgerianandMoroccanimmigrantpopulationsin
FranceandtheUK:1961–2011 21
5.1 IndianassociationsintheUK:1992–2009 118
5.2 AlgerianassociationsinFrance:1997–2011 118
5.3 MoroccanassociationsinFrance:1997–2011 119
Tables
I.1 Hometowngroupsinvolvedindevelopmentinitiativesin
France,theUKandtheUS 8
1.1 Moroccansabroad:Thetenmainrecipientcountries
(inthousands) 27
1.2 Indianmigration:Mainhostcountries(inmillions) 31
5.1 Cross-borderactivitiesofIndian,MoroccanandAlgerian
associations 123
5.2 Voluntaryandcharityactivismandintegrationamong
NorthAfricansinFrance 138
viii
Preface and Acknowledgements
Thisbookisthesynthesisofadecadeofresearchonhometownorgani-
sations.Theoriginofthisworkisprobablytobetracedbacktoalecture
given by Patrick Gonin during my Sciences Po years. But the compara-
tiveworkassuchstartedthankstoatwo-yearEUMarieCuriefellowship
attheUniversityofWarwick(atthenow-dismantledCentreforResearch
in Ethnic Relations, 2005–2007). My following research position at
OxfordUniversity(InternationalMigrationInstitute)providedmewith
the opportunityto furtherdevelop my expertise on IndianPunjabis in
the UK in the context of the Volkswagen Foundation funded TRAMO
project(DiffusionandContextsofTransnationalMigrantOrganisations
inEurope).ForthoseUKyears,mygratitudegoestoDanièleJolyandthe
CRER (Centre For Research in Ethnic Relations) crowd, Hein de Haas,
Oliver Bakewell, Stephen Castles and all the friends I left behind in
Oxford and beyond, Ludger Pries, Alejandro Portes, Terminder Singh,
Jasdev Rai, Johinder and Jugjit Sanghera and Mohamed El Ayoubi.
The final step to this process started with my recruitment as a CNRS
(Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) research fellow at the
University of Poitiers (2011–). Among the many commitments inher-
ent in such a position, I was able to develop the quantitative aspects
of this research thanks to the capacities provided by the Sciences-Po-
based MOBGLOB (Global Governance of Mobility) project, funded by
theNationalResearchAgency.Thistrackrecordreflectsthecommonlot
ofwhatremainsofindependentresearch,whichisincreasinglydepen-
dent on the possibility of diverting time and resources from fundable
projects to keep afloat those which do not fit the agendas of funding
bodies because they are deemed inappropriate in terms of their rele-
vance, format or duration. I owe very much to Catherine Wihtol de
Wenden, Hélène Thiollet at Sciences Po, Cedric Audebert and Kamel
Dorai, all the Migrinter team and the UFR SHA in Poitiers. I want to
giveaspecialthankyoutoDavidLessault,ChristopheImbertandespe-
cially Guillaume Le Roux who introduced me to the technicalities of
quantitativeresearch.AbigthankyoutoJean-CharlesKhalifawhodid
aterrificjobofturningmywordingintopalatableEnglish.
My time in Oxford was a strange turning point which has left a
durable imprint on my intellectual path. Oxford’s academic restless-
ness is a unique catalyser of ideas and energy. In spite of (or maybe
ix