Homer’s Iliad: Book IV PDF
Preview Homer’s Iliad: Book IV
Homer’s Iliad The Basel Commentary Edited by Anton Bierl and Joachim Latacz Book IV By Marina Coray, Martha Krieter-Spiro and Edzard Visser Translated byBenjaminW.MillisandSaraStrackand editedbyS.DouglasOlson ThepublicationofHomer’sIliad:TheBaselCommentaryhasbeenmadepossible bythekindfinancialsupportfromthefollowingorganizations: StavrosNiarchosFoundation FreiwilligeAkademischeGesellschaft(FAG),Basel L.&Th.LaRocheStiftung,Basel ISBN978-3-11-060829-8 e-ISBN(PDF)978-3-11-061018-5 e-ISBN(EPUB)978-3-11-060871-7 LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2020934821 BibliographicinformationpublishedbytheDeutscheNationalbibliothek TheDeutscheNationalbibliothekliststhispublicationintheDeutscheNationalbibliografie; detailedbibliographicdataareavailableontheInternetathttp://dnb.dnb.de. ©2020WalterdeGruyterGmbH,Berlin/Boston Typesetting:MetaSystemsPublishing&PrintservicesGmbH,Wustermark Printingandbinding:CPIbooksGmbH,Leck www.degruyter.com Contents PrefacetotheGermanEdition VII PrefacetotheEnglishEdition IX NotesfortheReader XI 24RulesRelatingtoHomericLanguage(R) 1 OverviewoftheActioninBook4 9 Commentary 11 BibliographicAbbreviations 237 Preface to the German Edition In Book 4 of the Iliad, after lengthy preliminaries, the actual fighting between thetwoenemyarmiesbegins:thefinalthirdofthebookcontainsthefirstbattle descriptions in the Iliad. The complexity of the preceding storylines and of the portrayalofmassedandindividualfightingsuggestedthatweshouldinsertover- views in the commentary providing orientation (themeP in the portrayal of the course of the battle and embedding within the larger action of the Iliad) and introductory chapters concerning the history of research on Homeric battle de- scriptions.Forthepurposesofthecommentary,wehavedividedtheBookamong ourselvesintothreecoherentindividualsections:thedivinescene/Pandaros(1– 219),theEpipolesis(220–421)andthebeginningofthefighting(422–544). Asinpreviousvolumes,thecommentaryisbasedontheGreektextofMar- tinL.West’seditionoftheIliad(BibliothecaTeubneriana,1998/2000). * The realization and publication of this commentary was made possible thanks toimportanthelpandsupportfromvarioussources: Firstandforemost,wegratefullythankouresteemedteacherProf.Joachim Latacz,whonevertiredofofferingsuggestionsandassistingusuptothefinal versionofthecommentary.WearelikewisegratefultoProf.AntonBierlforhis manysuggestionsandguidanceininterpretingthetext. We also thank our international team of experts for valuable suggestions and corrections: Rudolf Führer, Fritz Graf, Martin Guggisberg, Irene de Jong, Sebastiaan van der Mije, René Nünlist, Magdalene Stoevesandt, Jürgen von Ungern-SternbergandRudolfWachter.Alloftheabovehaveonceagainfacili- tatedourworkwithcriticalquestionsandsuggestions.WethankDanieleFur- lan forthought-provoking informationregardingthedrivingtechniqueof war chariots. In addition, we owe cordial thanks to our research assistants Luca Agnetti, Marie Besso, Doris Degen and Nathalie Reichel for meticulous proof- reading, as well as to our colleague Claude Brügger for his assistance in pro- ducingandcheckingcamera-readycopy. We also express our gratitude here to the long-standing sponsors of the projectfortheirgeneroussupport:theSchweizerischerNationalfondszurFörde- rung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung, the Hamburger Stiftung zur Förderung vonWissenschaftundKulturandtheUniversityofBasel. We are likewise grateful for the lively academic exchange we were privi- leged to take part in in the ‘Rosshof’, the Center for Classical Studies at the https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110610185-203 VIII Iliad4 University ofBasel, as wellas in inter-universitycolloquia at Zurichand Basel in 2016. We thank the staff at the library for Classical Studies and the Basel University Library for the timely provision of scholarly literature related to Homer, and the publishing house Walter de Gruyter, in particular Katharina LegutkeandSerenaPirrotta,fortheircarefulmanagementofthepublicationof thesevolumes. Basel,March2017 MarinaCoray,MarthaKrieter,EdzardVisser Preface to the English Edition ThisistheslightlyrevisedversionoftheGermancommentaryfrom2017which wecorrectedwhereverneeded. The English edition would not have been possible without the generous supportoftheStavrosNiarchosFoundation,theFreiwilligeAkademischeGesell- schaft(FAG)andtheL.andTh.LaRocheStiftungaswellasthepublisherWalter deGruyter,toallofwhomweoweextraordinarygratitude.Manythanksaredue as well to Prof. Dr. Joachim Latacz and Prof. Dr. Anton Bierl, the two directors oftheHomerCommentary,whohavesupportedthetranslationintoEnglish.A very specialthanks goesto thetranslators Dr.Benjamin W.Millis andDr. Sara Strack, as well as Prof. Dr. S.Douglas Olson, the general editor of the English edition,for theirexcellentand diligentwork. Theyhaveonce againperformed aHerculeanlabourandnotonlycreatedawonderfultranslationofanoccasion- allycomplextext,but alsocarefullycorrectedomissionsanderrors whichhad been overlooked. For her readiness to answer our questions we are obliged to ourcolleagueDr.MagdaleneStoevesandt Basel,January2020 MarinaCoray,MarthaKrieter,EdzardVisser https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110610185-204 Notes for the Reader 1. Inthecommentary,fourlevelsofexplanationaredistinguishedgraphically: a) The most important explanations for users of all audiences are set in regulartype.KnowledgeofGreekisnotrequiredhere;Greekwordsare givenintransliteration(exception:lemmatafromLfgrE,seeCOM41[1]). b) More detailed explanations of the Greek text are set in medium type. Thesesectionscorrespondtoastandardphilologicalcommentary. c) Specific information on particular sub-fields of Homeric scholarship is setinsmalltype. d) The ‘elementary section’, designed to facilitate an initial approach to thetextespeciallyforschoolanduniversitystudents,appearsbeneath adividinglineatthefootofthepage. TheelementarysectiondiscussesHomericwordformsinparticular,as well as prosody and meter. It is based on the ‘24 Rules Relating to Ho- meric Language’, to which reference is made with the abbreviation ‘R’. Particularly frequent phenomena (e.g. the lack of an augment) are not notedthroughout,butareinsteadrecalledevery50versesorso.—Infor- mation relating to Homeric vocabulary is largely omitted; for this, the readerisreferredtothespecializeddictionariesofCunliffeandAuten- rieth/Kaegi. Complexissuesareaddressedintheelementarysectionaswellasin the main commentary; they are briefly summarized in the elementary section and discussed in greater detail in the main commentary. Such passages are marked in the elementary section with an arrow (↑). By contrast,referencesofthetype‘cf.73n.’intheelementarysectionrefer to notes within the elementary section itself, never to the main com- mentary. 2. ThechaptersoftheProlegomenavolumearecitedbythefollowingabbrevi- ations: CG/CH CastofcharactersintheIliad:Gods/HumanBeings COM Introduction:CommentingonHomer FOR FormulaityandOrality G GrammarofHomericGreek HT HistoryoftheText M HomericMeter(includingprosody) MYC Homeric-MycenaeanWordIndex NTHS NewTrendsinHomericSchorlarship https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110610185-205 XII Iliad4 xxxP Superscript ‘P’ following a term refers to the definitions of termsin‘HomericPoeticsinKeywords’. STR StructureoftheIliad Inaddition: R refers to the ‘24 Rules Relating to Homeric Language’ in the presentcommentary(below,pp.1ff.). 3. Textualcriticism ThecommentaryisbasedontheTeubnertextofM. L.West.Insomepas- sages, the commentators favor decisions differing from that edition. In thesecases,bothversionsofthelemmaareprovided;West’stextisshown firstinsquarebrackets,followedbytheversionfavoredinthecommentary. 4. Englishlemmata The English lemmata in the commentary are taken from the translation of R. Lattimore. In places where the commentators favor a different render- ing, both versions of the lemma are provided; the rendering of Lattimore is shown first in square brackets, followed by the version favored in the commentary. 5. Quotationsofnon-Englishsecondaryliterature Quotations from secondary literature originally written in German, French orItalianaregiven inEnglishtranslation;insuchcases, thebibliographic reference is followed by the notation ‘transl.’ In the case of terms that are especially important or open to misinterpretation, the original is given in squarebrackets. 6. Formulaiclanguage On the model of ‘Ameis-Hentze(-Cauer)’, repeated verses and verse-halves are usually noted (on this, cf. COM 30). Other formulaic elements (verse beginningandverseendformulaeinparticular)areonlyhighlightedtothe extentnecessarytoconveyanoverallimpressionoftheformulaiccharacter ofHomericlanguage. 7. Type-scenesP For eachtype-scene, the commentaryprovides at theappropriate place an ‘idealversion’bycompilingacumulative,numberedlistofallcharacteristic elements of the scene that occur in the Iliad and/or Odyssey; the numbers of the elements actually found in the passage in question are printed in bold.Eachsubsequentoccurrencerefersbacktothisprimarytreatmentand usesnumberingandboldprintinaccordwiththesameprinciple.
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