Homer the Preclassic Gregory Nagy UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS Berkeley LosAngeles London TheJoan Palevsky Imprint in Classical Literature Inhonor of beloved Virgil— “Odeglialtri poeti onore e lume . . .” —Dante, Inferno Thepublishergratefullyacknowledges thegenerouscontributiontothisbookprovided bytheJaneK.SatherProfessorship inClassicalLiteratureFund. SATHER CLASSICAL LECTURES VolumeSixty-Seven HomerthePreclassic This page intentionally left blank Homer the Preclassic This page intentionally left blank Homer the Preclassic Gregory Nagy UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS Berkeley LosAngeles London UniversityofCaliforniaPress,oneofthemostdistinguisheduniversity pressesintheUnitedStates,enricheslivesaroundtheworldbyadvancing scholarshipinthehumanities,socialsciences,andnaturalsciences.Its activitiesaresupportedbytheUCPressFoundationandbyphilanthropic contributionsfromindividualsandinstitutions.Formoreinformation, visitwww.ucpress.edu. UniversityofCaliforniaPress BerkeleyandLosAngeles,California UniversityofCaliforniaPress,Ltd. London,England ©2010byTheRegentsoftheUniversityofCalifornia LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Nagy,Gregory. Homerthepreclassic/GregoryNagy. p. cm.—(Satherclassicallectures;v.67) Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. isbn978-0-520-25692-7(cloth:alk.paper) 1. Homer—Criticismandinterpretation. 2. Epicpoetry,Greek— Historyandcriticism. 3. Oraltradition—Greece—History—To1500. I. Title. PA4037.N344 2011 883'.01—dc22 2010048822 ManufacturedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ThisbookisprintedonNaturesBook,whichcontains30%post-consumer wasteandmeetstheminimumrequirementsofANSI/NISOZ39.48-1992 (R1997)(PermanenceofPaper). Contents ListofIllustrations ix Abbreviations xi Preface xiii Introduction 1 Part I. A Preclassical Homer from the Dark Age 3 1. HomerandtheAthenianEmpire TheAthenianEmpire 9 AthensasHomer’sImperialMetropolis 10 HomertheIonian 12 HomerandthePanionianFestivalsofDelosandBeyond 19 ThePerformanceofEpicatthePanathenaiaintheEraofthePeisistratidai: TheLaterYears 20 2. HomerOutsideHisPoetry HomerintheLifeofHomerTraditions 29 TheMakingofHomericVerseintheLifeofHomerTraditions 31 HomertheEpigrammatist 48 Homer’sReceptioninPerformance 48 HomerasaModelPerformeratPanhellenicFestivals 51 TheHomericHymntoApolloasanAetiologyofHomericPerformance attheDelia 55