Homa Variations OXFORD RITUAL STUDIES Series Editors Ronald Grimes, Ritual Studies International Ute Hüsken, University of Oslo Barry Stephenson, Memorial University THE PROBLEM OF RITUAL EFFICACY THE DYSFUNCTION OF RITUAL IN Edited by William S. Sax, Johannes Quack, EARLY CONFUCIANISM and Jan Weinhold Michael David Kaulana Ing PERFORMING THE REFORMATION A DIFFERENT MEDICINE Public Ritual in the City of Luther Postcolonial Healing in the Native Barry Stephenson American Church Joseph D. Calabrese RITUAL, MEDIA, AND CONFLICT Edited by Ronald L. Grimes, Ute Hüsken, NARRATIVES OF SORROW AND Udo Simon, and Eric Venbrux DIGNITY Japanese Women, Pregnancy Loss, and KNOWING BODY, MOVING MIND Modern Rituals of Grieving Ritualizing and Learning at Two Buddhist Bardwell L. Smith Centers Patricia Q. Campbell MAKING THINGS BETTER A Workbook on Ritual, Cultural Values, and SUBVERSIVE SPIRITUALITIES Environmental Behavior How Rituals Enact the World A. David Napier Frédérique Apffel-Marglin AYAHUASCA SHAMANISM IN THE NEGOTIATING RITES AMAZON AND BEYOND Edited by Ute Hüsken and Frank Neubert Edited by Beatriz Caiuby Labate and THE DANCING DEAD Clancy Cavnar Ritual and Religion among the Kapsiki/Higi HOMA VARIATIONS of North Cameroon and Northeastern Nigeria The Study of Ritual Change across the Walter E. A. van Beek Longue Durée LOOKING FOR MARY MAGDALENE Edited by Richard K. Payne and Alternative Pilgrimage and Ritual Creativity Michael Witzel at Catholic Shrines in France Anna Fedele i Homa Variations The Study of Ritual Change across the Longue Durée Edited by Richard K. Payne and Michael Witzel i 1 1 Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press in the UK and certain other countries. Published in the United States of America by Oxford University Press 198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States of America © Oxford University Press 2016 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, by license, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reproduction rights organization. Inquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above. You must not circulate this work in any other form and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer. Cataloging-in-Publication Data is on file at the Library of Congress. ISBN 978–0–19–935158–9 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper To my daughter, Alise Spinella, who accompanied me on our journey of discovery to Japan — Richard K. Payne i Contents Preface ix Acknowledgments xi Contributors xiii Introduction 1 Richard K. Payne Symbolic and Comparative Studies The Ritual Interplay of Fire and Water in Hindu and Buddhist Tantras 47 Holly Grether Buddhist Permutations and Symbolism of Fire 67 Tadeusz Skorupski The Structure of Japanese Buddhist Homa 126 Musashi Tachikawa Textual Studies The Vedic Homa and the Standardization of Hindu Pūjā 143 Timothy Lubin Oblation, Non-conception, and Body: Systems of Psychosomatic Fire Oblation in Esoteric Buddhism in Medieval South Asia 167 Tsunehiko Sugiki The Three Types of Fire Sacrifice According to Kāṇha’s Śrīcakrasaṃvara-homavidhi 214 David B. Gray Fire Rituals by the Queen of Siddhas: The Aparimitāyur-homa-vidhi-nāma in the Tengyur 225 Georgios T. Halkias vii viii i Contents Homa Rituals in the Indian Kālacakra-tantra Tradition 246 Vesna A. Wallace Ritual Subjects: Homa in Chinese Translations and Manuals from the Sixth through Eighth Centuries 266 Charles D. Orzech Descriptive Studies Newar Buddhist Homa Ritual Traditions 291 Todd Lewis and Naresh Bajrachrya The Navarātra Homa: Liver, Enchantment, and Engendering the Divine Śaktis 314 Nawaraj Chaulagain Fire on the Mountain: The Shugendō Saitō Goma 337 Richard K. Payne Agnihotra Rituals in Nepal 371 Michael Witzel Index 407 Preface i In October 2010 a conference entitled “Homa Variations: From Vedic to Hindu and Buddhist” was held at Harvard University. For three days, a dozen scholars presented their work as it relates to the homa ritual. Over the course of that time, about two dozen others were in attendance as well. One of the high points of the conference was the per- formance of a Newari homa by Naresh Bajracharya, one of the conference participants. Following the conference, additional papers were solicited to provide greater depth to this collection. ix
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