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KAREN ARMSTRONG HOLYW AR KareAnr mstronogn,eo ft hef oremocsotm mentators onr eligiaofufsa iirsts h,eb estselaluitnhgoo rfA His toorfGy o (d1 993)Th,e B atftolGreo (d2 000I),s lAa m: ShoHrits t(o2r0y00 )a,n d Buddh(2a00 1)a,m ong manyo thebro oksH.a vinsgp enste veyne arassa R o manC atholniucn ,s hel efth ero rdeirn1 969a ndt ook a B.LitattO. x fordt,a ughmto dernl iteraattut rhee UniversoifLt oyn dona,n dh eadetdh eE nglidsehp art mento fa publigci rlssc'h ooSlh.e b ecamaef reelance writearn db roadcasitne1 r9 82,a ndi n1 983s he workeidn t heM iddlEea sotn a six-pdaorctu mentary televisseiroinoe nst hel ifaen dw orkosf S t.P aulH.e r othetre leviwsoiroknh asi nclud"eVda rietoifRe esl i giousE xperien(c1e9"8 4a)n d "Tongueosf Fire" (1 985) ;t hel attreers ultienda n antholobgyy t hat nameo nr eligiaonudps o eteixcp ressIino1 n9.9 6s he participianBt ielMdlo yerts'e levisseiroin"e Gse nesis." Shet eachaetts h eL eoB aecCko llefgoert heS tudoyf Judaisamn dt heT rainionfRg a bbiasn dT eachearnsd wasa wardetdh e1 999M usliPmu bliAcff airCso uncil MediaA wardS.h er egulacrolnyt riburteevsi eawnsd artictlone esw spapaenrdsj ournals. ALSO BY KAREN ARMSTRONG ThroutghhNe a rrGoawt e BegintnhiWeno gr ld TheF irCshtr isSttiP.aa nu:Il m'psa ocnCt h ristianity TongoufFe isr AenA: n thoolfRo eglyig iaonudPs o eExtpiecr ience TheG osApceclo rtdoiW nomga n: ChristiCarneiatyto'iftso h Snee Wxa ri nt hWee st VisioofGn osdF :o uMre dieMvyaslta incdTs h eWirri tings MuhammadB:i oAg roaftp hhPeyr ophet A HistoofGr oyd : The YearQ ueosJftu daiCshmr,i stainadIn siltaym, 4000- JerusaOlneeCm i:tyTh ,r eFea iths Int hBee ginnAi NnegwI: n terproefGt eanteisoins TheB atftolGreo d IslAa mS:h oHrits tory Buddha HOLYW AR HOLY WAR The CrusaadnedsT heIimrp act onT odayW)osr ld KARENA RMSTRONG ANCHOR BOOKS A DivisoifoR na ndomH ouseI,n c. NewY ork SECOSAD:\ CHORH OOKSE DITH>�D,E CEMBE2R0 01 Copyrig1h9t81©89 ,92 10,0by 1 K arAernm strong Allr ighrtess ervuendd eIrn ternatainodnP aaln -American CoCpoynrviegnhtti ons. Publisihnet dh eU niteSdt atbeysAn chorB ook,sa d ivisoifoRa nn dom House, Inc., New YorkO.r iginaplulbyl isihneh da rdcoivneG rr eaBtr itabiyMn acmillan, Londoni,n1 98a8n,ds ubsequepnutbllyi sihneh da rdcoivnea rr eviseeddi tiionn theU niteSdt atbeysD oubledaad yi,v isoifoRa nn dom House, INnecw. Y,o rki,n 199a1n,di nt rade papebryAb nacchko Bro oksa,d ivisoifoRan nd om HouseI,n c., New Yorki,n1 99T2hi.As n choBro okesd iticoonn taian nesw p reface. Anchor Boaonkdcs o lophaorncr egistterraedd emaorfkRa sn dom HouseI,n c. LibraorfyC ongreCsast aloging-in-PuDbaltiac ation �-\rmstrKaornegn,. Holyw ar: t heC rusadaensdt heiimrp acotn t odayw'osr l/d Kar en Armstrong. p. em. Includbeisb liograrpehfiecraelna cnedis n dex. I.C rusade2s..C r usades-Influence. IT.i tle. (Dl57.1A97962 9)1 -35560 909--.-cl0c720 CIP AnchorI SBN0: -385-72140-4 www .anchorbooks.com Printiendt heU nited SotfaA tmeesri ca 10 9 Form y deafrr iends AbdulH alimZ oabeo fN azarethhi,sJ ewish-IswriafeeAl,ni a t, andt heisro nsS,a laAhd ama ndN izaArm ir, whob ym akinmge am embero ft heir family havbee ena crucial iniflnum eyn dceev eloping the" tripvlies iotnh"a Ith avet ried toa rticuilnat thei s book.