ebook img

HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa: Politics, Aid and Globalization PDF

226 Pages·2011·1.31 MB·English
Save to my drive
Quick download
Download
Most books are stored in the elastic cloud where traffic is expensive. For this reason, we have a limit on daily download.

Preview HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa: Politics, Aid and Globalization

HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa Also by Adrian Flint TRADE, POVERTY AND THE ENVIRONMENT: The EU, Cotonou and the African-Caribbean-Pacific Bloc HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa Politics, Aid and Globalization Adrian Flint © Adrian Flint 2011 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2011 978-0-230-22142-0 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No portion of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House, 6–10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The author has asserted his right to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2011 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, HampshireRG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan in the US is a division of St Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries ISBN 978-1-349-30692-3 ISBN 978-0-230-30205-1 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9780230302051 This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. Logging, pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. A catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 In memory of Victor Flint, Margaret Tunnell and William Tunnell This page intentionally left blank Contents List of Tables and Maps x Acknowledgements xi List of Acronyms and Abbreviations xiii Introduction 1 Is Africa a special case? 3 Political leadership and HIV/AIDS 8 Too much or too little? International responses 11 Gender and HIV/AIDS 12 Traditional medicine 13 Profiting from misery? 15 The politics of prevention 17 The politics and governance of HIV/AIDS 18 Chapter 1 Sex and Disease: A Historical Perspective 19 Africa’s lack of healthcare infrastructure 20 Communicable diseases become diseases of poverty 22 Communicable disease, paternalism and control 24 The discourse of sex and disease in Africa 26 A precursor to HIV/AIDS discourse: Syphilis in 30 colonial Africa Conclusion 34 Chapter 2 The Origins of HIV/AIDS 36 A new disease 37 ‘Plague’ and the language of HIV/AIDS 39 A ‘gay plague’ 41 Locating the origins of HIV 43 Human agency and the origins of the virus 45 Charting the African pandemic 48 Conclusion 51 Chapter 3 Gender, Violence and the Spread of HIV/AIDS 53 The interface between gender-based violence 55 and HIV/AIDS Problematizing gender-based violence 58 Politicizing HIV/AIDS and gender 61 vii viii Contents Masculinity and the imposition of gender 66 hierarchies Conclusion 67 Chapter 4 Policymaking, Dissidents and Denialists 69 Questioning scientific ‘dogma’ 70 The dissidents and their views 72 A case for censorship? 77 Thabo Mbeki’s right to dissent 82 The harm principle 83 Conclusion 85 Chapter 5 Traditional Medicine and the Politics of the 87 ‘Witchcraft Paradigm’ Engaging with traditional medicine 89 Towards an African view of disease 91 Further social functions of the ‘witchcraft 95 paradigm’ The role of traditional healers 97 Efficacy of traditional medicine 100 Bringing traditional healers and traditional 103 medicine on side Conclusion 105 Chapter 6 The International Response: Multilateral and 108 Unilateral Approaches PEPFAR, MAP and the Global Fund 109 Quantifying the efficacy of PEPFAR 113 Framing HIV/AIDS as a security threat: 117 The Clinton administration Framing HIV/AIDS as a moral crusade: The Bush 120 administration PEPFAR under the Obama administration 122 HIV/AIDS: A cause célèbre? 123 Conclusion 126 Chapter 7 Morality, Behavioural Change and the Search 128 for a ‘Social Vaccine’ Healthcare provision by faith-based groups 130 Faith-based organizations and the fight against 131 HIV/AIDS Behavioural change versus risk reduction 133 The ‘Ugandan miracle’ 136 Contents ix Analysing the extent of behavioural change 139 in Uganda Gender hierarchies, behavioural change and 141 risk reduction Conclusion 144 Chapter 8 Governance, the International Trading System 145 and Access to Antiretrovirals Big Pharma, profits and the poor 147 Drug prices and universal access to ARVs 149 Protecting intellectual property rights 151 Big Pharma’s role in shaping TRIPS 153 The Big Pharma perspective: Innovation and 155 research and development Making use of loopholes: TRIPS and 159 compulsory licensing Big Pharma’s role in shaping the US TRIPS-plus 162 agenda Big Pharma and the US undermine TRIPS 163 flexibilities The accessibility of second-line therapies 165 Conclusion 167 Conclusion 169 Notes 176 Bibliography 179 Index 206

See more

The list of books you might like

Most books are stored in the elastic cloud where traffic is expensive. For this reason, we have a limit on daily download.