History, Culture and Customs of Sikkim

545 Pages·2016·28.106 MB·English

by  J. R. Subba

HISTORY, CULTURE AND CUSTOMS
OFSffiKIM

HISTORY, CULTURE
AND
CUSTOMS OF SIKKIM
J.R. Subba
GYM( PUBLISHING HOUSE
NEW DELHI·ll0001
History. Culture and Customs of Sikkim
© Jasl) Raj Subba
ISBN: 978-81-212-0964-9
All rights reserved. No Part of this book may be
reproduced in any manner without written permission.
Published in 2008 in India by
Gyan Publishing House,
5, Ansari Road Darya Ganj
New Delhi-110002
Phones : 23282060, 23261060
Fax: [phone]
E-mail: [email protected]
Website : http://www.gyanbooks.com
Lasser Type Setting by: Quick Media, Delhi
Printed at : Singhal Print Media, Delhi
To
My family
Budha Maya (wife)1
Babita Sarita Bindiya
l l
and Khusboo (daughters)

Contents
Foreword (xi)
Acknowledgement (xv)
Acronyms (xvii)
Chronology txi.X.l
1. History and Culture 1
2. Land, People and Livelihood 75
3. Landscape, Agricultural 99
Ecosystems and Sacred Places
4. Shelter and Architecture 113
5. Food and Dress Culture 121
6. Religion and Social Transformation 143
7. Language and Literature 159
8. Folk Culture 179
9. Festivals and Leisure Activities 207
10. Art and Culture 223
11. Health and Culture 235
12. The Lepchas 249
13. The Bhutias 267
14. The Sherpas 279
15. The Ancient Kiratas 289
The Limboos. The Khambu-Rais. The Yakhas
16. The Communities Analogous to Kiratas 339
The Sunuwars. The Magars. The GurullgS. The Tar 'angs.
The Bhujels. The Tharnis
17. The Khasas 383
The Bahuns. The Chhetris. The Karnis. The Darnais.
The Sarkis
viii History, Culture and Customs of Sikkim
18. The Communities Analogous to Khasas 403
The Thakuri. The Jogi/Sanyasi. The Majhi
19. The Newars 409
Glossary 429
Selected Reference 433
Index 445
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
1. Plate No.1 to 8 are for Chapter 1 : History and Culture
1-8=8
2 Plate No.6 to 11 are for Chapter 2 & 3 : Landscape, Agri
Ecosystems and Livelihood
3. Plate No.9 to 16 are for Chapter 4 : Shelter and Architecture
9-16=8
4. Plate No. 17 and 24 are for Chapter 5 : Dress Culture
17-24=8
5. Plate No. 22 to 25 are for Chapter 6 : Religion
6. Plate No. 25 to 32 are for Chapter 8 : Folk Culture
25-32=8
7. Plate No. 33 to 40 are for Chapter 10: Art and Culture
33--40=8
8. Plate No. 41-48 is are for Chapter 12 to 19 Ethno-linguistic survey.
41--48 =8