History and Morality PDF
Preview History and Morality
OUP CORRECTED AUTOPAGE PROOFS – FINAL, 21/05/20, SPi History and Morality EBSCOhost - printed on 8/29/2020 2:41 PM via COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - MAIN. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use OUP CORRECTED AUTOPAGE PROOFS – FINAL, 21/05/20, SPi EBSCOhost - printed on 8/29/2020 2:41 PM via COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - MAIN. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use OUP CORRECTED AUTOPAGE PROOFS – FINAL, 21/05/20, SPi History and Morality DONALD BLOXHAM 1 EBSCOhost - printed on 8/29/2020 2:41 PM via COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - MAIN. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use OUP CORRECTED AUTOPAGE PROOFS – FINAL, 21/05/20, SPi 1 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford, OX2 6DP, United Kingdom Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries © Donald Bloxham 2020 The moral rights of the author have been asserted First Edition published in 2020 Impression: 1 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, by licence or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this work in any other form and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer Published in the United States of America by Oxford University Press 198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States of America British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available Library of Congress Control Number: 2019957828 ISBN 978–0–19–885871–3 Printed and bound in Great Britain by Clays Ltd, Elcograf S.p.A. Links to third party websites are provided by Oxford in good faith and for information only. Oxford disclaims any responsibility for the materials contained in any third party website referenced in this work. EBSCOhost - printed on 8/29/2020 2:41 PM via COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - MAIN. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use OUP CORRECTED AUTOPAGE PROOFS – FINAL, 21/05/20, SPi To everyone who ever taught me history, and everyone who has ever discussed history with me. EBSCOhost - printed on 8/29/2020 2:41 PM via COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - MAIN. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use OUP CORRECTED AUTOPAGE PROOFS – FINAL, 21/05/20, SPi EBSCOhost - printed on 8/29/2020 2:41 PM via COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - MAIN. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use OUP CORRECTED AUTOPAGE PROOFS – FINAL, 21/05/20, SPi Preface I have worked on this book on and off since before the birth of my elder daughter, Yasmin, who will be 10 years old by the time of publication. She and her sister, Zahra, and their mother, Cordelia, all deserve my apologies as well as my profound thanks. The same applies to our wider families. I am grateful to the following scholars for their encouragement and for reading parts of the ever- changing manuscript: Adam Fox, Stephan Malinowski, Martin Shuster, Lucy Grig, Steve Rigby, Douglas Cairns, Thomas Ahnert, Tony Kushner, Cordelia Beattie, Tom Lawson, Jonathan Leader Maynard, Jürgen Matthäus, Michelle Moyd, Lissa Skitolsky, Matthias Thaler, Claire Duncanson, Jonathan Hearn, Gordon Pentland, Geoff Eley, A. Dirk Moses, Natasha Wheatley, Roberta Pergher, Mark Roseman, Tom Webster, David Patterson, Enda Delaney, Paul Boghossian, Patrick Joyce, Graham Stevens, Rick Sowerby, David Motadel, and Mark Levene. At Oxford University Press I thank Christopher Wheeler, who set the ball rolling, Robert Faber, Christina Wipf Perry, Stephanie Ireland, and Cathryn Steele. Not for the first time I owe a major debt of gratitude to the Leverhulme Trust. Significant sections of the book were written, and others revised, during a period of leave from my regular university duties facilitated by receipt of a Leverhulme Major Research Fellowship (MRF-2016-164). I hope the work constitutes a respectable part-repayment of the Trust’s faith in me. EBSCOhost - printed on 8/29/2020 2:41 PM via COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - MAIN. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use OUP CORRECTED AUTOPAGE PROOFS – FINAL, 21/05/20, SPi EBSCOhost - printed on 8/29/2020 2:41 PM via COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - MAIN. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use OUP CORRECTED AUTOPAGE PROOFS – FINAL, 21/05/20, SPi Contents Introduction 1 Part 1. Contemplating Historical Actors in Context 16 Introduction 16 Misuses of Contextualization 18 Cause and Context in Historical Explanation 30 Different Sorts of Context 39 On Ideology 52 Political Morality and Special Roles 60 The Importance of Hindsight 76 Part 2. Writing History: Problems of Neutrality 87 Introduction 87 History versus Social Science 88 Evaluative and Evocative Language 91 Rhetoric and Truthfulness 94 Combining Perspectives 102 Legitimacy Contests in the Past 113 Part 3. Justifying Judgement on Things Past 127 Introduction 127 History I: By Faith Alone 134 History II: God Is With Us 175 History III: To the Present 208 Moving Beyond ‘Their Own Terms’ 225 Tolerance, Respect, Relativism 234 Past and Present in Conversation 249 Part 4. History, Identity, and the Present 251 Introduction 251 Influential Misunderstandings 252 Relating to the Past 261 Pride and Shame about the Past 271 Material Legacies 282 Closing Thoughts 288 Bibliography 291 Index 309 EBSCOhost - printed on 8/29/2020 2:41 PM via COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - MAIN. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use OUP CORRECTED AUTOPAGE PROOFS – FINAL, 21/05/20, SPi EBSCOhost - printed on 8/29/2020 2:41 PM via COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - MAIN. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use
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