Historical Dictionary of the Russian Civil Wars, 1916–1926

1471 Pages·2015·4.719 MB·English

by  Jonathan D. Smele

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HISTORICAL DICTIONARIES
OF WAR, REVOLUTION, AND CIVIL UNREST
Jon Woronoff, Series Editor
The United States–Mexican War, by Edward H. Moseley and Paul C. Clark
Jr. 1997.
World War I, by Ian V. Hogg. 1998.
The United States Marine Corps, by Harry A. Gailey. 1998.
The Wars of the French Revolution, by Steven T. Ross. 1998.
The Spanish-American War, by Brad K. Berner. 1998.
The Persian Gulf War, by Clayton R. Newell. 1998.
The United States Air Force and Its Antecedents, by Michael Robert Terry.
1999.
World War II: The War Against Japan, by Anne Sharp Wells. 1999.
British and Irish Civil Wars, by Martyn Bennett. 2000.
The Cold War, by Joseph Smith and Simon Davis. 2000.
Ancient Greek Warfare, by Iain Spence. 2002.
The Crimean War, by Guy Arnold. 2002.
The United States Army: A Historical Dictionary,by Clayton R. Newell.
2002.
Ancient Egyptian Warfare,by Robert G. Morkot. 2003.
Arms Control and Disarmament, by Jeffrey A. Larsen and James M. Smith.
2005.
The Russo-Japanese War, by Rotem Kowner. 2005.
Afghan Wars, Revolutions, and Insurgencies, Second Edition, by Ludwig
W. Adamec. 2005.
The War of 1812, by Robert Malcomson. 2006.
Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Warfare, by Benjamin C. Garrett and
John Hart. 2007.
Civil Wars in Africa, Second Edition, by Guy Arnold. 2008.
The Northern Ireland Conflict, by Gordon Gillespie. 2008.
The Anglo-Boer War,by Fransjohan Pretorius. 2009.
The Zulu Wars,by John Laband. 2009.
Terrorism, Third Edition, by Sean K. Anderson with Stephen Sloan. 2009.
American Revolution, Second Edition,by Terry M. Mays. 2010.
“Dirty Wars,” Second Edition,by David Kohut and Olga Vilella. 2010.
Korean War, Second Edition,by Paul M. Edwards. 2010.
Holocaust, Second Edition,by Jack R. Fischel. 2010.
United States Navy, Second Edition, by James M. Morris and Patricia M.
Kearns. 2011.
War in Vietnam,by Ronald B. Frankum Jr. 2011.
The Civil War,Second Edition, by Terry L. Jones. 2011.
Spanish Civil War, by Francisco J. Romero Salvadó. 2013.
The Crusades, Second Edition, by Corliss K. Slack. 2013.
The Chinese Civil War,Second Edition, by Christopher R. Lew and Edwin
Pak-wah Leung. 2013.
World War II: The War against Germany and Italy, by Anne Sharp Wells.
2014.
The French Revolution, Second Edition, by Paul R. Hanson. 2015.
Chechen Conflict, by Ali Askerov. 2015.
Chinese Cultural Revolution, Second Edition, byGuo Jian, Yongyi Song,
and Yuan Zhou. 2015.
Russian Civil Wars, 1916–1926, by Jonathan Smele. 2015.
The Arab–Israeli Conflict,Second Edition, by P. R. Kumaraswamy. 2015.

Historical Dictionary
of the Russian Civil
Wars, 1916–1926
Jonathan D. Smele
ROWMAN & LITTLEFIELD
Lanham • Boulder • New York • London
Published by Rowman & Littlefield
A wholly owned subsidiary of The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc.
4501 Forbes Boulevard, Suite 200, Lanham, Maryland 20706
www.rowman.com
Unit A, Whitacre Mews, 26-34 Stannary Street, London SE11 4AB
Copyright © 2015 by Jonathan D. Smele
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any
electronic or mechanical means, including information storage and retrieval systems,
without written permission from the publisher, except by a reviewer who may quote
passages in a review.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Information Available
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Smele, Jon.
Historical dictionary of the Russian civil wars, 1916–1926 / Jonathan D. Smele.
pages cm. — (Historical dictionaries of war, revolution, and civil unrest)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4422-5280-6 (hardcover : alkaline paper) — ISBN 978-1-4422-5281-3
(ebook)
1. Soviet Union—History—Revolution, 1917–1921—Dictionaries. 2. Soviet
Union—History—1917–1936—Dictionaries. 3. Civil war—Soviet Union—History—
Dictionaries. I. Title.
DK265.S526 2015
947.084'103—dc23
2015011566
™
The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of
American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper
for Printed Library Materials, ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992.
Printed in the United States of America
For Grace

Contents
Editor’s Foreword Jon Woronoff xi
Acknowledgments xiii
Reader’s Note xv
Acronyms and Abbreviations xix
Chronology xxi
Introduction 1
THE DICTIONARY 83
Appendixes 1353
Glossary 1375
Bibliography 1381
About the Author 1421
ix