Hippolytus and the Roman Church in the Third Century: Communities in Tension before the Emergence of a Monarch-Bishop

653 Pages·1995·58.06 MB·English

by  Revd Allen Brent

HIPPOLYTUS
AND THE ROMAN CHURCH
IN THE THIRD CENTURY
SUPPLEMENTS TO
VIGILIAE CHRISTIANAE
Formerly Philosophia Patrum
TEXTS AND STUDIES OF EARLY CHRISTIAN LIFE
AND LANGUAGE
EDITORS
]. DEN BOEFT- R. VAN DEN BROEK- A.F.J. KLIJN
G. QUISPEL -J.C.M. VAN WINDEN
VOLUME XXXI
HIPPOLYTUS
AND THE ROMAN CHURCH
IN THE THIRD CENTURY
COMMUNITIES IN TENSION BEFORE THE EMERGENCE
OF A MONARCH-BISHOP
BY
ALLEN BRENT
EJ. BRILL
LEIDEN · NEW YORK · KOLN
1995
The paper in this book meets the guidelines for permanence and durability of the
Committee on Production Guidelines for Book Longevity of the Council on Library
Resources.
ISSN 0920-623X
ISBN 90 0410245 0
© Copyright 1995 l!J EJ. Brill, Leiden, 7he Netherlands
All rights reserved. No part qf this publication mqy be reproduced, translated, stored in
a retrieval .rystem, or transmitted in a'!)' form or l!J a'!)' means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written
permission .from the publisher.
Authoriz_ation to photocopy items for internal or personal
use is granted l!J EJ. Brill provided that
the appropriate fies are paid directfy to The Copyright
Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910
Danvers A1A 01923, USA.
Fees are subject to change.
PRINTED IN THE NETHERLANDS
CONTENTS
Abbreviations ............................................................................................. VII
Preface ......................................................................................................... XI
xm
Plates .........................................................................................................
Introduction ................................................................................................... 1
I. The Statue of Hippolytus: Discovery ................................................... 3
A. Ligorio's reputation and the Statue ............................................ 5
B. Guarducci's attack on Ligorio's reliability .............................. 11
II. The Statue and Thernista of Larnpsacus ............................................. 51
A. Transformation of Themista of Larnpsacus ............................. 52
B. Location of the Statue: Cemetery or Library? .......................... 76
C. Conclusion: Hippolytus' House ............................................. 109
III. The Statue and the Hippolytan corpus ............................................. 115
A. The rediscovery of the Contra N oetum .................................. 116
B. The rediscovery of EA.eyxos; x:ata 1tacrrov ai.pecrerov ............... 127
C. KecjlaA.ma x:ata ratou and the a1toA.oyia of the Statue .......... 144
D. Rediscovery of the a1tocrtoA.tKT'j1tapaSoms; ........................... 184
E. The Statue and the Corpus Hippolytanum ............................ 197
IV. The Statue and the Two Authors Theory (I) .................................... 204
A. Authorship of Elenchos and Contra Noetum ......................... 206
B. Elenchos and related works connected to the Statue ............. 258
V. The Statue and the Two Authors Theory (II) ................................... 300
A. The Statue and the C.N. block ................................................ 301
B. The literary profile and the two-authors theory ..................... 346
C. Conclusion: the Statue and Pagan Philosophy ....................... 365
VI. The School and 'Schism' of Hippolytus .......................................... 368
A. The carmen of Prudentius and Darnasus' epigram ................ 368
B. The conceptualization of Hippolytus' schism ........................ 388
C. Hippolytus' congregation in the Roman community ............. 398
VI CONTENTS
D. Conclusion: Roman Church Order before Cyprian ................ 453
Vll. Hippolytus and Church Order .......................................................... 458
A. 'Hippolytus' and 'Clement' as ciphers for traditions ............ 459
B. otaooxt1 and apxtepa'tcia: the Clementine dimension ........... 475
C. Hippolytus and Tertullian ...................................................... 501
D. Tertullian: Pre Cyprianic Church Order ................................ 535
Bibliography .............................................................................................. 541
Index .......................................................................................................... 571
1. Biblical Citations .................................................................... 571
2. Ancient Authors ..................................................................... 574
3. Modem Authors ..................................................................... 588
4. Manuscripts cited ................................................................... 594
5. Greek Words and Phrases ...................................................... 597
6. Latin Words and Phrases ........................................................ 606
ABBREVIATIONS
AAWG Abhandlungen der Akamedie der Wissenschaften in Gottingen
ABAW Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Akadernie der Wissenschaften
ABenRev American Benedictine Review
AHAW Abhandlungen der Heidelberger Akadernie der Wissenschaften
AKWG Abhandlungen der Koniglichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu
Gottingen
ArLiW Archiv fiir Liturgiewissenschaft
AmJArch American Journal of Archaeology
AmJPhil American Journal of Philology
AnBoll Analecta Bollandiana
AnLov Analecta Lovanensia biblica et orientalia
ANRW Aufstieg und Niedergang der Rornischen Welt: Geschichte und
Kultur Roms im Spiegel der neueren Forschung, Ed. H. Temporini
and W. Haase (Berlin and New York: De Gruyter)
Antiqu. Antiquitas: Beitriige zur Historia-Augusta Forschung, Ed. J. Straub
und A. Alfoldi (Bonn: R. Habelt Verlag 1963-)
ArcCl Archeologia Classica
ArFil Archivio di Filosophia
Ath . Athenaeum
AThR Anglican Theological Review
ATNT Abhandlungen zur Theologie des Alten und Neuen Testaments
Aug Augustinianum
BAre Bulletino di archeologia cristiana
BeitrHistTh Beitriige zur Historischen Theologie
BiLit Bibel und Liturgie
BLitE Bulletin de litterature ecclesiastique
BR Biblical Research
BRev Biblical Review
BSGT Bibliotheca Scriptorum Graecorum et Romanorum Teubnerianae
(Akadernie der Wissenschaften der DDR Zentralinstitut fiir alte
Geschichte und Archiiologie), (Leipzig: Teubner 1984).
BThAM Bulletin de Theologie Ancienne et Medievale
Byz Byzantion: Revue Internationale des Etudes Byzantines
ByzZ Byzantinische Zeitschrift
BZHT Beitriige zur Historischen Theologie
CCa Ci vilta Cattlica
ChH Church History
CIG Corpus Inscriptionum Graecarum, Ed. A Boeck and J. Franz
(Berlin: Reimer 1828-)
C/L Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum (Berlin: Reimer 1866-)
Class Rev Classical Review
ClPl Classical Philology
VITI ABBREVIATIONS
csco
Corpus Scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium (Lou vain:
Secretariat du Corpus SCO: 1975).
CSLE Corpus Scriptorum Latinorum Ecclesiasticorum (Vienna: Gerold
1866-)
DACL Dictionnaire d' Archiologie Chretienne et de Liturgie, (Ed.) F.
Cabrol and H. Leclercq (Paris: Libraire Letouzey et Ane 1924)
DomSt Dominican Studies
DR Downside Review
EglTheo Eglise et Theologie
EphL Ephemerides Liturgicae
EThL Ephemerides Theologicae Lovanienses
FRIANT Forschungen zur Religion und Literatur des Alten und Neuen
Testaments
FZPhTh Freiburger Zeitschrift fiir Philosophie und Theologie
GCS Die Griechischen Christlichen Schriftsteller der ersten heiden
Jahrhunderte (Hinrich: Leipzig 1897).
Greg Gregori anum
Gym Gymnasium
HA Handbuch der Altertumswissenschaft
Herm Hermes
Hermath Hermathena
Hesp Hesperia
HeyJn Heythrop Journal
HThR Harvard Theological Review
ILCV lnscriptiones Latinae Christianae Veteres, Ed. E. Diehl, Vols 1-3
(Berlin: Weidmann 1924, 1927).
/CUR Inscriptiones christianae urbis Roma septimo saeculo anti qui ores, Ed.
De Rossi G.B. and Silvagni A., Nova series (Rome 1921-)
IG Inscriptiones Graecae, Ed. Kirschner J. (Berlin: Rheimarus 1913-;
De Gruyter 1924-)
JbAC Jahrbuch fiir Antike und Christentum
JBL Journal of Biblical Literature
JEgArch Journal of Egyptian Archeology
JEH Journal of Ecclesiastical History
JES Journal of Ecumenical Studies
JLiW Jahrbuch fiir Liturgiewissenschaft
JRH Journal of Religious History
I RomS Journal of Roman Studies
JSNT.S Journal for the Study of the New Testament: Supplementary Series
JThS Journal of Theological Studies
LeDiv Lectio Divina
MD La Maison-Dieu
MGH Monumenta Germaniae Historica
MSR Melanges de Science Religieuse
MuThZ Miinchener Theologische Zeitschrift
NA Neutestamentliche Abhandlungen
NT Novum Testamentum
NTS New Testament Studies
OECT Oxford Early Christian Texts, H. Chadwick (Ed.), (Oxford:
Clarendon Press)
ABBREVIATIONS IX
OrChr Oriens Christianus
OrChrA Orientalia Christiana Analecta
OrSyr Oriens Syriens
OstkiSt Ostkirchliche Studien
PL P.G. Migne, Patrologia Latina (Paris 1857-)
Phil Philologus, Zeitschrift fiir Klassische Altertum
PO Patrologia Orientalis, Ed. R. Graffin and F. Nau, (Paris 1903-)
PG P.G. Migne, Patrologia Graeca-Latina (Paris 1857-)
PWK A. Paulys-Wissowa, Real-encyclopiidia der classischen
Altertumswissenschaft (Metzler: Stuttgart 1899)
QLP Questions Liturgiques et Paroissiales
RAC Reallexikon fiir Antike und Christentum
RBen Revue Benedictine
Rbib Revue Biblique
RDroitCan Revue de Droit Canonique
RevHisRel Revue de l'histoire des religions
RecSciRel Recherches de Science Religieuse
RelStudRev Religious Studies Review
RendPontAcc Rendiconti della Pontificia Accademia Romana di Archeologia
RevBelg Revue beige de philologie de d'histoire
RevEtByz Revue des Etudes Byzantines
RevH E Revue d'histoire ecclesiastique
RevHPhR Revue d'histoire et de philosophie religieuse
RevScPhTh Revue des sciences philosophiques et theologiques
RevSR Revue des Sciences Religieuses
RGG Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart
RivAC Rivista Archeologia Cristiana
RPARA Rendiconti della P. Accademia Romana di Archeologia
RThAM Recherches de theologie ancienne et medievale
SBAW Sitzungsberichte der Bayrische Akademie der Wissenschaften
SbMn Sitzungberichte der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften,
Philos-philol.-hist. Klasse (Miinchen)
sc Sources Chn!tiennes (Paris: Les Editions du Cerf 1944-)
SciEspirit Science et Espirit
ScuCat La Scuola Cattolica
SecCent The Second Century
Set Studi e Testi
SGK Schriften der Konigsberger Gelehrten Gesellschaft
SHAW Sitzungsberichte der Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften
SPAW Sitzungsberichte der preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften:
Philosophische historische Klasse
StEphAug. Studia Ephemeridis «Augustinianum» (lnstitutum Patristicum
«Augustinianum», Rome)
StPB Studia Post-Biblica
StTh Studia Theologica
StudPatr Studia Patristica
StuPat Studia Patavina
TheolStKrit Theologische Studien und Kritiken
Theoph Beitrii.ge zur Religions-und Kirchengeschichte des Altertums
TheoRev Theologische Revue