High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites 2: Proceedings of the International Workshop PDF
Preview High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites 2: Proceedings of the International Workshop
Cover Page i High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites 2 (HPFRCC2) Page ii Typical stresselongation response of high performance fiber reinforced cement composite Page iii High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites 2 (HPFRCC2) Proceedings of the Second International Workshop ‘High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites’ Sponsored by RILEM, ACI, ACBM, the University of Michigan and the University of Stuttgart. Ann Arbor, USA June 11–14, 1995 EDITED BY A.E.Naaman Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA AND H.W.Reinhardt Institut für Werkstoffe im Bauwesen, University of Stuttgart, Germany E & FN Spon An Imprint of Chapman & Hal London ∙ Glasgow ∙ Weinheim ∙ New York ∙ Tokyo ∙ Melbourne ∙ Madras Page iv Published by E & FN Spon, an imprint of Chapman & Hall, 26 Boundary Row, London SE1 8HN, UK Chapman & Hall, 26 Boundary Row, London SE1 8HN, UK Blackie Academic & Professional, Wester Cleddens Road, Bishopbriggs, Glasgow G64 2NZ, UK Chapman & Hall GmbH, Pappelallee 3, 69469 Weinheim, Germany Chapman & Hall USA, 115 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10003, USA Chapman & Hall Japan, ITPJapan, Kyowa Building, 3F, 221 Hirakawacho, Chiyodaku, Tokyo 102, Japan Chapman & Hall Australia, 102 Dodds Street, South Melbourne, Victoria 3205, Australia Chapman & Hall India, R.Seshadri, 32 Second Main Road, CIT East, Madras 600 035, India First edition 1996 This edition published in the Taylor & Francis eLibrary, 2005. To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk. © 1996 RILEM ISBN 0203627296 Master ebook ISBN ISBN 0203632508 (OEB Format) ISBN 0 419 21180 2 (Print Edition) Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the UK Copyright Designs and Patents Act, 1988, this publication may not be reproduced, stored, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction only in accordance with the terms of the licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency in the UK, or in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the appropriate Reproduction Rights Organization outside the UK. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the terms stated here should be sent to the publishers at the London address printed on this page. The publisher makes no representation, express or implied, with regard to the accuracy of the information contained in this book and cannot accept any legal responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions that may be made. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Publisher’s Note This book has been produced from camera ready copy provided by the individual contributors in order to make the book available for the Workshop. Page v Contents Preface xv Workshop xvii Acknowledgments xix 1 Characterization of high performance fiber reinforced cement composites HPFRCC 1 A.E Naaman and H.W.Reinhardt 1.1 Relative meaning of “advanced” and/or “high performance” 2 1.2 Definition and applications of high performance fiber reinforced cement composites—HPFRCC 3 1.3 Conditions to achieve quasistrain hardening and multiple cracking 3 1.3.1 Solution based on mechanics of composite materials 1.3.2 Solution based on micromechanics of crack bridging and fracture 1.3.3 Solution based on fracture energy of debonding 1.4 Comparison of critical fiber volume fraction 14 1.5 Minimum volume fraction of fibers 17 1.6 Toughness and fracture energy 17 1.6.1 Toughness index 1.6.2 Fracture energy and energy of pullout 1.7 Additional needs for characterization 21 1.8 Concluding remarks 22 1.9 Acknowledgments 22 1.10 References 23 2 Specific production and manufacturing issues 25 M.Cheyrezy,J.I.Daniel,H.Krenchel,H.Mihashi,J.Pera,P.Rossi and Y.Xi 2.1 Introduction 26 2.2 Matrices 27 2.3 Fibers 27 2.4 HPFRFCC reinforced with nonmetallic fibers 28 2.4.1 Asbestos cement 2.4.2 Cellulosepulp cements 2.4.3 Polypropylene cements 2.4.4 Carbonmatmortar composites (CMMC) 2.4.5 Glassfiber reinforced composite (GFRC) 2.5 HPFRCCs reinforced with steel fibers 32 2.5.1 Reactive powder concrete (RPC) 2.5.2 LCPCs multifiber HPFRCCs 2.5.3 Compact reinforced composite (CRC) 2.5.4 Fiber reinforced chemically activated fly ash (FRCAFA) Page vi 2.6 Manufacturing of HPFRCCs reinforced with nonmetallic fibers 38 2.6.1 General 2.6.2 Mixing equipment and procedures 2.6.3 Placement 2.6.4 Curing 2.7 Manufacturing of HPFRCCs reinforced with metallic fibers 39 2.7.1 Mixing equipment and procedures 2.7.2 Placement 2.7.3 Vibration 2.7.4 Demoulding 2.7.5 Curing 2.7.6 Heat treatment 2.8 Conclusions 41 2.9 References 42 3 Micromechanical models of mechanical response of HPFRCC 43 V.C.Li,H.Mihashi,H.C Wu,J.M.Alwan,A.Brincker,H.Horii,C.K.Y.Leung,M.Maalej and H.Stang 3.1 Introduction 44 3.2 Uniaxial tensile response 45 3.2.1 Introduction 3.2.2 Behavior before first cracking 3.2.3 The steady state cracking criterion 3.2.4 Condition for further cracking 3.2.5 Multiple cracking regime 3.2.6 Effect of interfacial dual slip on multiple cracking 3.2.7 Tensile behavior of HPFRCC with main reinforcements 3.2.8 Effect of fiber weaving structure on tensile behavior of HPFRCC 3.2.9 Conclusions 3.3 Uniaxial compressive response 59 3.3.1 Introduction 3.3.2 A micromechanical model 3.3.3 Combined strengthening and weakening effect of fiber addition 3.3.4 Further discussions and conclusions 3.4 Flexural response 66 3.4.1 Introduction 3.4.2 Flexural strength of quasibrittle FRCC 3.4.3 Flexural strength of strainhardening FRCC 3.4.4 Conclusion 3.5 Fracture response 75 3.5.1 Introduction 3.5.2 Discontinuousalignedfiber composites 3.5.3 Discontinuousrandomlydistributedfiber composites 3.5.4 Strain hardening cementitious composites 3.5.5 Conclusions 3.6 Elastic modulus 85 3.6.1 Introduction Page vii 3.6.2 Pseudo three phase model 3.6.3 Homogenization based model 3.6.4 Conclusions 3.7 Discussions and conclusions 93 3.8 References 96 4Cyclic behavior, fatigue strength, endurance limit and models for fatigue behavior of FRC 101 V.Ramakrishnan,C.Meyer,A.E.Naaman,G.Zhao and L.Fang 4.1 Introduction 102 4.2 Flexural fatigue strength of FRC 103 4.2.1 Loading rate 4.2.2 Flexural fatigue investigations at a moderate frequency (20 Hz) 4.2.3 Flexural fatigue testing at low frequency 4.3 Flexural fatigue testing of slurry infiltrated fiber reinforced concrete (SIFCON) 117 4.3.1 Tests done in USA 4.3.2 Tests done in China 4.4 Behavior of FRC under compressive cyclic loading 121 4.5 Models for fatigue strength and fatigue life prediction 130 4.6 Cyclic behavior and modeling 131 4.6.1 Cyclic behavior 4.6.2 Continuum damage mechanics based models 4.6.3 Models combining continuum damage mechanics and plasticity theory 4.6.4 Micromechanics models 4.6.5 Conclusions 4.7 References 143 5Fibermatrix interfaces 149 A.Bentur,S.T.Wu,N.Banthia,R.Baggott,W.Hansen,A.Katz,C.K.Y.Leung,V.C.Li,B.Mobasher,A.E.Naaman,R.Robertson,P.Soroushian,H.Stang and L.R.Taerwe 5.1 Introduction 150 5.2 The microstructure of the interfacial transition zone 151 5.2.1 Macrofibers 5.2.2 Microfibers 5.2.3 Bundled fibers 5.3 Failure and damage processes 156 5.4 Pullout resistance and its modeling 158 5.4.1 Pullout of aligned and straight fibers 5.4.2 Influence of lateral stresses and strains 5.4.3 Effect of fiber orientation 5.4.4 Effect of fiber bundling and multiple pullout 5.4.5 Effects of pullout rates and environmental temperature 5.5 Interfacial effects and stress transfer in fibers for high performance FRC 171 5.5.1 Enhancement of first crack strength Page viii 5.5.2 Strain hardening behavior 5.5.3 Bonding in microfibers 5.5.4 Bonding in macrofibers of deformed shape 5.5.5 Bond enhancement by matrix modification 5.5.6 Durability 5.6 Conclusions 183 5.7 References 185 6Toughness characterization and toughening mechanisms 193 S.P.Shah,A.M.Brandt,C.Ouyang,R.Baggott,J.Eibl,M.A.Glinicki,H.Krenchel,A.Lambrechts,V.C.Li,B.Mobasher, and L.R.Taerwe 6.1 Fracture process in cementitious materials 194 6.2 Toughening mechanisms in fiber reinforced composites 195 6.3 Characterization of interfacial behavior 199 6.3.1 Pullout of an aligned fiber 6.3.2 Pullout of an inclined fiber 6.3.3 Fracture of fibers 6.4 Characterization of composite behavior 205 6.4.1 Fracture mechanics approach 6.4.2 Micromechanics approach 6.5 Measurement of composite toughness 210 6.5.1 ASTM C 1018 method and its limitations 6.5.2 Methods based on fracture mechanics 6.6 Influence of processing technique 216 6.7 Design compressive strain softening curve 220 6.8 The effect of loading rate 221 6.9 Summary 221 6.10 References 224 7Computer models 229 J.M.Alwan,B.Mobasher,J.E.Bolander,C.K.Y.Leung,A.E.Naaman,D.V.Reddy,P.Rossi,P.Stroeven,M.Stroeven,J.G.M.van Mier and M.L.Wang 7.1 Introduction 230 7.2 Outline of chapter 231 7 3 Computer models at the constituent level 232 7.3.1 Tensile behavior of fiber reinforced cementitious composites 7.3.2 Fracture behavior of concrete 7.3.3 Flexural behavior of fiber reinforced composite beams 7.3.4 Structural features of fiber reinforced cementitious composites 7.3.5 Fiber pullout from cementitious matrices 7.3.6 Crack growth in cementitious composites 7.3.7 Rigid particle modeling of FRC 7.4. Computer models at the engineering (large scale) level 269 7.4.1 Triaxial behavior of SIFCON 7.4.2 Endochronic constitutive modeling for analysis of marine fiber reinforced concrete Page ix 7.4.3 Structural response of fiber reinforced cement based beams 7.5. References 286 8Reinforced and prestressed concrete using HPFRCC matrices 291 A.E.Naaman,P.Paramasivam,G.Balazs,Z.M.Bayasi,J.Eibl,L.Erdelyi,N.M.Hassoun,N.KrstulovicOpara,V.C.Li and G.Lohrmann 8.1 Introduction 292 8.1.1 Classes of applications of HPFRCC 8.1.2 Some background with low end FRC composites 8.1.3 Organization of this chapter 8.2 Crack width control in RC beams 295 8.2.1 Introduction 8.2.2 Description and scope 8.2.3 Experiments 8.2.4 Results and discussion 8.3 Composite slabs using slurry infiltrated mat concrete—SIMCON 300 8.3.1 Experimental program 8.3.2 Data analysis and test results 8.3.3 Conclusion 8.4 Repair and rehabilitation using slurry infiltrated mat concrete—SIMCON 304 8.4.1 Introduction 8.4.2 Experimental investigation 8.4.3 Analytical modeling 8.4.4 Conclusions 8.5 Plastic hinge in RC beamcolumn joint 308 8.5.1 Performance criteria 8.5.2 R/C beamcolumn connection 8.5.3 Results and discussions 8.5.4 Conclusions 8.6 Seismic joints for precast concrete frames 312 8.6.1 Description of framing system and test program 8.6.2 Main results 8.7 Plastic rotation and ductility index 315 8.7.1 Experimental program 8.7.2 Presentation and discussion of test results 8.7.3 Conclusions 8.8 Overreinforced RC beams using a slurry infiltrated fiber concrete (SIFCON) matrix 319 8.9 Effects of fibers on impact response of RC beams 321 8.9.1 Preparation and test setup 8.9.2 Experimental results 8.10 Effects of fibers on shear response of RC and PC beams 326 8.10.1 Introduction 8.10.2 Method based on plasticity analysis 8.10.3 Analytical models based on constitutive relations 8.10.4 Semiempirical equation of ultimate strength 8.10.5 Results and conclusions
The list of books you might like
