Hezbollah and Hamas : a comparative study PDF
Preview Hezbollah and Hamas : a comparative study
HEZBOLLAH HAMAS and A Comparative Study | Joshua L. Gleis and Benedetta Berti The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore © 2012 The Johns Hopkins University Press All rights reserved. Published 2012 Printed in the United States of America on acid- free paper 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 The Johns Hopkins University Press 2715 North Charles Street Baltimore, Mary land 21218- 4363 www .press .jhu .edu Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data Gleis, Joshua L. Hezbollah and Hamas : a comparative study / Joshua L. Gleis and Benedetta Berti. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978- 1- 4214- 0614- 5 (hdbk. : alk. paper) ISBN 978- 1- 4214- 0615- 2 (pbk. : alk. paper) ISBN 978- 1- 4214- 0671- 8 (electronic) ISBN 1- 4214- 0614- 4 (hdbk. : alk. paper) ISBN 1- 4214- 0615- 2 (pbk. : alk. paper) ISBN 1- 4214-0 671- 3 (electronic) 1. Hizballah (Lebanon) 2 Harakat al- Muqawamah al- Islamiyah. 3. Islam and politics. 4. Islamic fundamentalism. 5. Arab- Israeli confl ict. I. Berti, Benedetta. II. Title. JQ1828.A98H6242 2012 322.4'2095692—dc23 2011048392 A cata log record for this book is available from the British Library. Special discounts are available for bulk purchases of this book. For more information, please contact Special Sales at 410- 516- 6936 or specialsales@press .jhu.edu. The Johns Hopkins University Press uses environmentally friendly book materials, including recycled text paper that is composed of at least 30 percent post- consumer waste, whenever possible. For Aden and Lily This page intentionally left blank Hezbollah and Hamas This page intentionally left blank Contents Ac know ledg ments ix List of Abbreviations and Acronyms xi Introduction 1 part I HEZBOLLAH 1 The Lebanese Players: A Background 7 The Shiites and Amal 8 The Maronites 14 Maronite Christian Parties Today 18 The Palestinians 21 The Sunnis 23 Lebanese Salafi -Jihadist Groups 27 The Lebanese Po liti cal System 30 2 Hezbollah: History and Development 35 The Beginning 36 Hezbollah in Post- Taif Lebanon 42 3 Ideals and Belief System 51 The Religious Pillars 52 A View of the World: External Enemies and Allies 53 Hezbollah in Lebanon: A Po liti cal and Military Platform 57 4 Structure 61 Po liti cal and Military Structure 61 Social Welfare 66 Fundraising 69 Latin America and the Tri- Border Area as a Case Study 71 5 Strategies and Tactics 76 Military Operations 76 Terrorism 84 viii Contents Regional Involvement: A Growing Trend 86 Propaganda and Psychological Warfare 89 part II HAMAS AND MILITANCY IN THE PALESTINIAN TERRITORIES 6 The Palestinian Players: A Background 95 The PLO and Fatah 103 Palestinian Islamic Jihad 109 Salafi - Jihadist Groups in Gaza 112 7 Hamas: History and Development 118 The Beginning 118 Po liti cal and Social Development 123 8 Ideals and Belief System 134 Islamist Roots and Religious Pillars 134 A View of the World and of the State of Israel 138 Hamas in the Palestinian Territories: Po liti cal Agenda and Activities 141 9 Structure 144 Po liti cal and Military Structure 144 Social Activism and Grass- Roots Support 148 Fundraising 152 10 Strategies and Tactics 158 Military Operations 158 Terrorism 162 Propaganda and Psychological Warfare 165 part III COUNTERING HEZBOLLAH AND HAMAS 11 Israeli Counterinsurgency and Counterterrorism 173 Conclusions 185 Notes 195 Glossary 233 For Further Reading 239 Index 243 Hezbollah and Hamas
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