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Hezbollah: A Short History (Princeton Studies in Muslim Politics) PDF

208 Pages·2009·0.91 MB·English
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PrincetonStudiesinMuslimPolitics DaleF.EickelmanandAugustusRichardNorton,Editors DianeSingerman,AvenuesofParticipation:Family,Politics,and NetworksinUrbanQuartersofCairo ToneBringa,BeingMuslimtheBosnianWay:IdentityandCommunity inaCentralBosnianVillage DaleF.EickelmanandJamesPiscatori,MuslimPolitics BruceB.Lawrence,ShatteringtheMyth:IslambeyondViolence ZibaMir-Hosseini,IslamandGender:TheReligiousDebatein ContemporaryIran RobertW.Hefner,CivilIslam:MuslimsandDemocratizationinIndonesia MuhammadQasimZaman,TheUlamainContemporaryIslam: CustodiansofChange MichaelG.Peletz,IslamicModern:ReligiousCourtsandCultural PoliticsinMalaysia OskarVerkaaik,MigrantsandMilitants:Fun,Islam,andUrban ViolenceinPakistan LaetitiaBucaille,GrowingupPalestinian:IsraeliOccupationand theIntifadaGeneration RobertW.Hefner,editor,RemakingMuslimPolitics:Pluralism, Contestation,Democratization LaraDeeb,AnEnchantedModern:GenderandPublicPietyinShi"iLebanon RoxanneL.Euben,JourneystotheOtherShore:MuslimandWestern TravelersinSearchofKnowledge LorenD.Lybarger,IdentityandReligioninPalestine:TheStruggle betweenIslamismandSecularismintheOccupiedTerritories RobertW.HefnerandMuhammadQasimZaman,eds.,SchoolingIslam: TheCultureandPoliticsofModernMuslimEducation AugustusRichardNorton,Hezbollah:AShortHistory LorenD.Lybarger,IdentityandReligioninPalestine:TheStruggle betweenIslamismandSecularismintheOccupiedTerritories BruceK.Rutherford,EgyptafterMubarak:Liberalism,Islam, andDemocracyintheArabWorld HEZBOLLAH A Short History With a new afterword by the author Augustus Richard Norton PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS PRINCETON AND OXFORD Copyright©2007byPrincetonUniversityPress PublishedbyPrincetonUniversityPress,41WilliamStreet, Princeton,NewJersey08540 IntheUnitedKingdom:PrincetonUniversityPress,6OxfordStreet, Woodstock,OxfordshireOX201TW AllRightsReserved Fourthprinting,withcorrections,July2007 Fifthprinting,andfirstpaperbackprinting, withanewafterwordbytheauthor,2009 PaperbackISBN:978-0-691-14107-7 TheLibraryofCongresshascatalogedtheclotheditionofthisbookasfollows Norton,AugustusR. Hezbollah:ashorthistory/AugustusRichardNorton. p. cm.—(PrincetonstudiesinMuslimpolitics) Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN-13:978-0-691-13124-5(hardcover:alk.paper) ISBN-10:0-691-13124-4(hardcover:alk.paper) 1.Hizballah(Lebanon)2.Lebanon—Politicsandgovernment— 1975–1990.3.Lebanon—Politicsandgovernment—1990– 4.Shiites—Lebanon—Politicsandgovernment. 5.Islamandpolitics—Lebanon.6.Geopolitics—MiddleEast.I.Title. JQ1828.A98H62632007 324.25692′082—dc22 2006100594 BritishLibraryCataloging-in-PublicationDataisavailable ThisbookhasbeencomposedinGoudyandAvantGarde Printedonacid-freepaper.∞ press.princeton.edu PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica 5 7 9 10 8 6 Contents Prologue 1 Chapter 1 Origins and Prehistory of Hezbollah 9 TheRiseofShi"iPoliticsfromtheMid-twentieth CenturytotheLebaneseCivilWar 14 TheRoleofMusaal-Sadr 18 TheResurgenceofAmal 21 Chapter 2 The Founding of Hezbollah 27 TheIraqConnection 30 The1982IsraeliInvasion 32 HezbollahEmerges 34 TheHezbollahWorldview 35 ImplementingtheDesign 41 Chapter 3 Being a Shi`i Muslim in the Twenty-first Century 47 RitualandIdentity 51 TheIntersectionofRitualandPolitics 58 Chapter 4 Resistance, Terrorism, and Violence in Lebanon 69 HezbollahandTerrorism 75 OccupationinSouthernLebanon 79 Contents The“RulesoftheGame” 83 The2000IsraeliWithdrawal 88 Chapter 5 Playing Politics 95 Hezbollah’sDecisiontoParticipate 98 MunicipalElections 103 TheRevoltoftheHungry 105 TheRichTextureofShi"iInstitutions 107 Chapter 6 From Celebration to War 113 TheChangingSocialTapestryinPost–CivilWar Lebanon 120 Lebanon’sLove-HateRelationshipwithRafiqal-Hariri, andHisAssassination 124 SettingtheStageforWar 132 TheStartofHostilities,July2006 135 ProsecutingtheWar 137 Conclusion 145 HezbollahinaFracturedPostwarLebanon 152 WhatNext? 157 AfterwordtothePaperbackEdition 161 Glossary 173 AdditionalReading 175 SourcesCited 181 Index 185 Acknowledgments 197 vi This page intentionally left blank Prologue Tripoli Mediterranean Sea L E BA N O N Beirut SYRIA Sidon Tyre UNDOF Zone 0 25 km ISRAEL Map1. Lebanon’smajorconfessionalgroups(sects)andtheareaswhere theypredominate.

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Most policymakers in the United States and Israel have it wrong: Hezbollah isn't a simple terrorist organization--nor is it likely to disappear any time soon. Following Israel's war against Hezbollah in the summer of 2006, the Shi'i group--a hybrid of militia, political party, and social services an
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