Heterosis and Combining Ability Studies in Bottle Gourd

345 Pages·2013·1.93 MB·English

by  Kouser Parveen

Heterosis and Combining Ability Studies in Bottle Gourd

[Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.]

KOUSER PARVEEN
(2003-88-D)

Division of Olericulture

Faculty of Post-graduate Studies
Sher-e-Kashmir
University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir

2006
Heterosis and Combining Ability Studies in Bottle Gourd

[Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.]

KOUSER PARVEEN
(2003-88-D)

Thesis

Submitted to
The Faculty of Post-Graduate Studies
Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and
Technology of Kashmir
in partial fulfillment of requirement for award of the degree of

Doctor of Philosophy in Agriculture
(Olericulture)
2006
SShheerr--ee--KKaasshhmmiirr
UUnniivveerrssiittyy ooff AAggrriiccuullttuurraall SScciieenncceess && TTeecchhnnoollooggyy ooff KKaasshhmmiirr,,
SShhaalliimmaarr CCaammppuuss,, SSrriinnaaggaarr 119911 112211

Certificate-I

This is to certify that the thesis entitled “Heterosis and Combining
Ability Studies in Bottle Gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Molina)
Standl.]” submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Agriculture (Olericulture), to the
Faculty of Post Graduate Studies, Sher-e-Kashmir University of
Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir is a record of bonafide
research carried out by Mrs . Kouser Parveen (Registration No. 2003-88-
D) under my supervision and guidance. No part of the thesis has been
submitted for any other degree or diploma.
It is further certified that information received during the course of
investigation have been duly acknowledged.

Prof. Nazeer Ahmed
Chairman,
Advisory Committee

Endorsed :

Head,
Division of Olericulture
SShheerr--ee--KKaasshhmmiirr
UUnniivveerrssiittyy ooff AAggrriiccuullttuurraall SScciieenncceess && TTeecchhnnoollooggyy ooff KKaasshhmmiirr,,
SShhaalliimmaarr CCaammppuuss,, SSrriinnaaggaarr 119911 112211

Certificate-II
,
We, the members of Advisory Committee of Mrs. Kouser
Parveen (Registration No. 2003-88-D), candidate for the degree of
Doctor of Philosophy in Agriculture (Olericulture), have gone through
the manuscript of the thesis entitled “Heterosis and Combining Ability
Studies in Bottle Gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.]” and
recommend that it may be submitted by the student in partial fulfillment
of the requirements for the award of the degree.

Advisory Committee

Chairman :- Prof. Nazeer Ahmed
Dean Faculty of Agriculture/
Professor and Head
Division of Olericulture, SKUAST-K

Members :- Dr. Gulam-ud-din
Associate Professor
Division of Olericulture
SKAUST-K

Dr. Gul Zaffar
Associate Professor
Division of PBG
SKUAST-K

Dr. Athar Ali Khan
Associate Professor
Division of Statistics and Agri.
Economics, SKUAST-K
Dean PG Nominee Dr. A.R. Trag
Director Research
SKUAST-K, Shalimar
SShheerr--ee--KKaasshhmmiirr
UUnniivveerrssiittyy ooff AAggrriiccuullttuurraall SScciieenncceess && TTeecchhnnoollooggyy ooff KKaasshhmmiirr,,
SShhaalliimmaarr CCaammppuuss,, SSrriinnaaggaarr 119911 112211

Certificate-III
,

This is to certify that the thesis entitled “Heterosis and Combining Ability
Studies in Bottle Gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.]” submitted by
Mrs. Kouser Parveen (Regd. No. 2003-88-D) to the Faculty of Post Graduate
Studies, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of
Kashmir in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of degree of Doctor
of Philosophy in Agriculture (Olericulture) was examined and approved by the
Advisory Committee and External Examiner on ___________________ .
Chairman External Examiner
Advisory Committee

Professor and Head
Division of Olericulture

Director Resident Instruction-cum -Dean
Post Graduate Studies, SKUAST (K), Shalimar
Heterosis and combining ability studies Division of Olericulture
Kouser Parveen Wani
in Bottle Gourd {Lagenaria siceraria (2003-88-D)

(Molina) Standl.}
CONTENTS
Chapter Particulars Page No.
1. INTRODUCTION 1-5
2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE 6-39
2.1 Genotypic correlations among various quantitative traits 9-10
2.2 Concept of combing ability and its estimation 10-11
2.3 Line x tester analysis 11-13
2.4 Nature and number of testers in evaluating lines 13
2.5 Gene action and combining ability 13-31
2.6 Correlation and Path analysis 31-39
3. MATERIALS AND METHODS 40-66
3.1 Materials 40-44
3.2 Statistical analysis 44-59
3.3 Per cent contribution of lines, testers and lines x testers 59-60
interaction to the hybrid sum of squares

3.4 Estimation of heterosis
60-61
3.5 Genotypic and phenotypic covariances and correlation
coefficient 61-66
4. EXPERIMENTAL FINDINGS 67-174
4.1 Mean performance of the parents (lines and testers) and 68-79
crosses
4.2 Analysis of variance 80-92
4.3 Components of variance, genetic components of 92-105
variance degree of dominance and heritability
estimates.
Chapter Particulars Page No.
4 4.4 Estimation of general combining ability (gca) effects of 106-118
lines and testers
4.5 Elite genotypes identified for crossing on the basis of 118-122
gca effects and Per se performance
4.6 Estimation of sca effects of F crosses 122-142
1
4.7 Estimation of heterosis 142-161
4.8 Top ranking cross combinations identified on the basis of 161-168
sca effects heterosis over the standard parent and Per se
performance
4.9 Genotypic correlation coefficient 168-173
5. DISCUSSION 174-200
5.1 Mean performance 177-180
5.2 Analysis of variance for combining ability and estimates 180-187
of components of variance, genetic components of
variance, degree of dominance and heritability for
different traits.
5.3 Performance of parents and crosses in relation to 187-198
breeding of bottle gourd.
5.4 Correlation coefficients 198-200
6. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 201-206
7. LITERATURE CITED I-XVIII
LIST OF TABLES
Table No. Particulars Page No.
1. Mean performance of parents (lines and testers) and crosses for 73-78
different morphological, maturity, yield and yield component
traits in bottle gourd. (Pooled over environments)
2(a). Analysis of variance for days to first male and first female 81
flower appearance in bottle gourd.
2(b) Analysis of variance for node number at which first male and 83
female flower appeared in bottle gourd.
2(c) Analysis of variance for days to first fruit harvest and days for 85
fruiting period, in bottle gourd.
2(d) Analysis of variance for number of fruits plant-1 and average 86
weight of edible fruit (g) in bottle gourd.
2(e) Analysis of variance for fruit length (cm) and fruit diameter 88
(cm), in bottle gourd.
2(f) Analysis of variance for fruit yield plant-1 (kg) and fruit yield 90
hectare-1(q) .
2(g) Analysis of variance for fruit colour (Total chlorophyll mg/g) 91
and fruit dry matter content (%)
3(a) Estimation of the components of variance, genetic components 93
of variance, degree of dominance and heritability for days
taken to first male flower appearance and days taken to first
female flower appearance in bottle gourd.
3(b) Estimation of the components of variance, genetic components 95
of variance, degree of dominance and heritability for node no.
at which first male flower appeared and node no. at which first
female flower appeared in bottle gourd.
3(c) Estimation of the components of variance, genetic components 98
1
of variance, degree of dominance and heritability for days to
first fruit harvest and fruiting period in bottle gourd.
3(d) Estimation of the components of variance, genetic components 100
of variance, degree of dominance and heritability for no. of
fruits plant-1 and average weight of edible fruit (g) in bottle
gourd.

Table No. Particulars Page No.
3(e) Estimation of the components of variance, genetic components 101
of variance, degree of dominance and heritability for fruit
length (cm) and fruit diameter (cm) in bottle gourd.
3(f) Estimation of the components of variance, genetic components 103
of variance, degree of dominance and heritability for fruit yield
(kg) plant-1 and fruit yield (q) hectare-1 in bottle gourd.
3(g) Estimation of the components of variance, genetic components 105
of variance, degree of dominance and heritability for fruit
colour and dry matter content in bottle gourd.
4(a) Estimation of gca effects of lines and testers used in F crosses 107
1
of bottle gourd for days taken to first male flower and first
female flower appearance.
4(b) Estimation of gca effects of lines and testers used in F 109
1
crosses of bottle gourd for node number at which 1st male
flower appeared and node number at which 1st female flower
appeared.
4(c) Estimation of gca effects of lines and testers of bottle gourd 111
for days to first harvest and fruiting period.
4(d) Estimation of gca effects of lines and testers of bottle gourd 112
for no. of fruits plant-1 and edible fruit weight.
2