Hesperia, Volume 59, Issue 1 - Proceedings of the First International Conference on Archaic Greek Architectural Terracottas

406 Pages·1990·57.8 MB·English

by  The American School of Classical Studies at Athens

HESPERIA
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SCHOOL
OF CLASSICAL STUDIES AT ATHENS
VOLUME 59: NUMBER 1
JANUARY-MARCH
1990
FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON
ARCHAIC GREEK ARCHITECTURAL TERRACOTTAS
DECORATED ARCHITECTURAL TERRACOTTAS FROM
THE ATHENIAN ACROPOLIS: CATALOGUE OF
EXHIBITION
AMERICAN SCHOOL OF CLASSICAL STUDIES AT ATHENS
HESPERIA (USPS 112-590) VOL. 59, No. 1.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGES
Proceedingso f the First InternationalC onferenceo n Archaic Greek ArchitecturalT erracottas. ...... 1-323
CHRISTINAV LASSOPOULOUD: ecorated Architectural Terracottas from the Athenian Acropolis: Catalogue
of Exhibition
American DcDoolo f Clasofcal Dtubtec at atbenf
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ISSN 0018-098X ISBN 87661- 500-0
PROCEEDINGS OF THE
FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE
ON
ARCHAIC GREEK
ARCHITECTURAL TERRACOTTAS
DECEMBER 2-4, 1988
EDITED BY
NANCY A. WINTER
n
AMERICAN SCHOOL OF CLASSICAL STUDIES AT ATHENS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABBREVIATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
GLOSSARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
WILLIAM D. E. COULSON:O pening Remarks . . . . . . . ... .. 11
NANCY A. WINTER: Defining Regional Styles in Archaic Greek Architectural
Terracottas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
CHRISTIAN LE ROY: Les terres cuites architecturales de Delphes vingt ans apres
la publication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
JOACHIMH EIDEN: Die archaischen Dacher von Olympia . . . . . . . . .. 41
MARY C. ROEBUCK:A rchaic Architectural Terracottas from Corinth . . . . . . 47
NANCY K. COOPER:A rchaic Architectural Terracottas from Halieis and Bassai . 65
MARIE-FRANyOISE BILLOT: Terres cuites architecturales d'Argos et d'Epidaure.
Notes de typologie et d'histoire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 95
K. G. KOLOKOTSAS: AppuoVLKESX apa4e?L (rra apXaLKa apXLTreKTrovK7ar 7Xlva rov
'Apyovs KaL Ts27 Erbapov . . ..... . .. . . . . . . . . .. 141
CHRISTOPHERA . PFAFF: Three-peaked Antefixes from the Argive Heraion . . . . 149
BERIT WELLS: The Asine Sima. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
VERONIKA MITSOPOULOS-LEON:E in neuer Antefixtyp aus dem Heiligtum der
Artemis in Lousoi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
GERHILD HUBNER: Die Dachterrakotten der archaischen Tempel von Kalapodi
(Phokis) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
F. DAKORONIA: ApXaiLK' KEpa/dles, a7TrOT 77V AvaToArL K AoKpa . . . . . . 175
AENNE OHNESORG:A rchaic Roof Tiles from the Heraion on Samos . . . . . . . 181
EVA SIMANTONI-BOURNIASC: hian Relief Pottery and its Relationship to Chian
and East Greek Architectural Terracottas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
JACQUES Y. PERREAULT:L 'atelier de potier archaique de Phari (Thasos):
La production de tuiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
PETER SCHNEIDER:N ew Information from the Discovery of an Archaic Tiled
Roof in Ionia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
KONRAD ZIMMERMANNA: rchaische Dachterrakotten aus Histria . . . . . . . . 223
MADELEINE MERTENS-HORN AND LUISA VIOLA: Archaische Tondacher west-
griechischer Typologie in Delphi und Olympia . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
VOLKER KASTNER:S cheibenformige Akrotere in Griechenland und Italien . . . . 251
4 TABLE OF CONTENTS
JOHN F. KENFIELDA: n East Greek Master Coroplast at Late Archaic Morgantina 265
CHARLOTTWE IKANDERT: he Artemision Sima and its Possible Antecedents . 275
ORJANW IKANDERA: rchaic Roof Tiles: The First Generations. .. . .. . 285
ERNST-LUDWIGS CHWANDNERU: berlegungen zur technischen Struktur und
Formentwicklung archaischer Dachterrakotten . . . . . . . . . . ... 291
RAINERC . S. FELSCHF: urther Stamped Roof Tiles from Central Greece, Attica,
and the Peloponnese . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301
PLATES 1-56
CHRISTINAV LASSOPOULODUe:c orated Architectural Terracottas from the Athenian
Acropolis:C atalogue of Exhibition
ABBREVIATIONS
In additiont o the abbreviationsl isted in the AmericanJ ournalo f Archaeology9 0, 1986, pp. 384-394 and
92, 1988, pp. 629-630, the following are used:
ATK = A. Akerstr6m,D ie architektonischenT errakottenK leinasiens, Lund 1966
Buschor, 1957 = E. Buschor, "AltsamischerB auschmuck,"A M 72, 1957, pp. 1-34
N. Cooper, 1983 = N. K. Cooper, The Developmento f Roof Revetment in the Peloponnese, diss. Uni-
versity of Minnesota, 1983 (Studiesi n MediterraneanA rchaeology,f orthcoming)
Corinth IV, i = I. Thallon-Hill and L. S. King, Corinth, IV, i, DecoratedA rchitecturalT erracottas,
Cambridge,M ass. 1929
Dontas, NFGH = G. Dontas, "Denkmaleru nd Geschichte eines kerkyraischenH eiligtums," NFGH,
pp. 121-133
Dyggve = E. Dyggve, Das Laphrion. Der Tempelbezirkv on Kalydon, Copenhagen 1948
Felsch, 1979 = R. C. S. Felsch, "Boiotische Ziegelwerkstatten archaischer Zeit," AM 94, 1979,
pp. 1-40
Felsch, 1987 = R. C. S. Felsch, "Berichti iber die Grabungeni m Heiligtum der Artemis Elaphebolos
und des Apollon von Hyampolis 1978-1982," AA (JdI 102) 1987, pp. 1-24
Felsch and Schuler, = R. C. S. Felsch and H. Schuler, "Apollonu nd Artemis oder Artemis und Apollon?
1980 Bericht von den Grabungen im neu entdeckten Heiligtum bei Kalapodi 1973-
1977," AA (Jdl 95) 1980, pp. 38-112
GFR = E. D. Van Buren, GreekF ictile Revetmentsi n the ArchaicP eriod, London 1926
GM = L. Shoe, Profiles of GreekM ouldings, Cambridge,M ass. 1936
Heiden, 1987 = J. Heiden, KorinthischeD achziegel. Zur Entwicklung der korinthischenD acher,
Frankfurt 1987
Huiibner1, 975 = G. HuAbner", Dachterrakottenim Magazin des Museums von Nauplia," in Tiryns.
Forschungenu nd BerichteV III, Mainz 1975, pp. 117-136
Koch = H. Koch, "Studienz u den campanischenD achterrakotten,"R M 30, 1915, pp. 1-115
KorkyraI = K. A. Rhomaios, "Die Dachterrakotten,"in G. Rodenwaldt,K orkyra,I , Der Arte-
mistempel, Berlin 1940, pp. 97-162
Le Roy, 1967 = C. Le Roy, Fouilles de Delphes, II, Les terresc uites architecturalesP, aris 1967
Martin = R. Martin, Manuel d'architectureg recque I, Paris 1965
Mertens-Horn, 1978 = M. Mertens-Horn, "Beobachtungena n dadalischen Tondachern,"J dI 93, 1978,
pp. 30-65
NFGH = Neue Forschungeni n griechischenH eiligtiimern, Tubingen 1976
Olympia II = W. Dorpfeld and R. Bormann,i n E. Curtius and F. Adler, Olympia.D ie Ergebnisse
der Ausgrabungen,I I, Die Baudenkmiler, Berlin 1892
Orlandos = A. Orlandos,L es matefriauxd e constructione t la techniquea rchitecturaled es anciens
grecs I, Paris 1966
Rhomaios = K. Rhomaios, Kcpaot rijs KaXAv8avoAs, thens 1951
Robinson,A M = H. S. Robinson, "Roof Tiles of the Early Seventh Century B.C.," AM 99, 1984,
pp. 55-66
Robinson, NFGH = H. S. Robinson, "Temple Hill, Corinth,"N FGH, pp. 239-260
Robinson, TH = H. S. Robinson, "Excavationsa t Corinth: Temple Hill: 1968-1972," Hesperia 45,
1976, pp. 203-239
Schwandner,1 985 = E.-L. Schwandner, Der dltere Porostempel der Aphaia auf Aigina (Denkmiiler
antiker Architektur1 6), Berlin 1985
6 ABBREVIATIONS
TdA I, II = E. Buschor, Die Tonddcher der Akropolis, I, Simen, II, Stirnziegel, Berlin
1929-1933
Vlassopoulou = C. Vlassopoulou, Decorated Architectural Terracottas from the Athenian Acropolis:
Catalogue of Exhibition, Princeton 1989 (also appears in Hesperia 59, fasc. 1,
1990)
C. Wikander, 1986 = C. Wikander, Sicilian Architectural Terracottas. A Reappraisal (Skrifter utgivna av
SvenskaI nstituteti Rom, 80, 15), Stockholm1 986
0. Wikander,1 -988 = 0. Wikander," AncientR oof-tiles-Use and Function,"O pAth1 7, 1988, pp. 203-216
Williams, -TT ']\1 = C. K. Williams, II, "Demaratusa nd Early Corinthian Roofs,"i n 17tj-r. TOplOSe ls
lAvri,rlTN utKoXaoKvo VroXAeoVro,A thens 1978, pp. 345-350
GLOSSARY
Acrotere.S ee Akroterion. Dachziegel. See Roof tile.
AyeXaL'Ka epatLsS. ee Plain tile. Deckziegel. See Cover tile.
AKpoKe'pap,oS.e e Antefix. Doric leaf. See Tongue pattern.
AKROTERION (Fr. acrotere, Germ. Akroterion, Gk. Doric tongue. See Tongue pattern.
aKpOTnptov). A decorative element, such as a
statue, placed at the edges of the roof, either at EAVES(F r. egout, rive, Germ. Trauf). The bottom
the cornerso f the pediment or along the ridge. edge of a sloped roof.
A1AV'yaXoS.e e Ovolo. EAVEST ILE (Fr. tuile d'egout or de rive, Germ.
AvayAv7rra fv4XXa.S ee gadroon. Traufziegel or Traufrand, Gk. o-TpwT7pas
Antefissa. See Antefix. -qyE?oWTv)h. e bottommostp an tile of each row
ANTEFIX (Fr. antefixe, It. antefissa, Germ. Stirnzie- of overlappingp an tiles running from the ridge
gel, Gk. aKpoKepapo).T he plaque which closes down to the eaves.
the lower end of the bottommostc over tile of
Ecailles. See Scale pattern.
each row of overlapping cover tiles running Egout. See Eaves.
from the ridge down to the eaves.
'EXLKaSS. ee Volute.
ANTHEMION. A floral chain pattern. Emissaire d'eau. See Waterspout.
Engobe. See Slip.
Baguette. See Torus.
E7raeTs O-4l,J.S ee Raking sima.
Bandeau. See Fascia, Taenia.
E7re'bvvrvoS. ee Revetment plaque.
Bastoncino.S ee Torus.
E7ridXpLruaS.e e Slip.
Bec de corbin. See Hawksbeak.
Becco di civetta. See Hawksbeak.
Faite. See Ridge.
Blattstab. See Tongue pattern.
Falz. See Flange.
Blattstabsima.S ee Cavetto sima.
FASCIA (Fr. bandeau, It. listello di base or di zoccolo,
Germ. Plattenborte, Sockel, Gk. aro-a).T he
Canale di gronda. See Waterspout.
flat, vertical part of the plaque at the bottom of
Cavet. See Cavetto.
a sima.
CAVETTO( Fr. cavet, It. gola, Germ. Kehle, Hohl-
Feuille dorique.S ee Tongue pattern.
kehle, Gk. KoLAXcoJAL ac)o. ncave molding.
Filet. See Taenia.
CAVETTOS IMA( Fr. sima en cavet, Germ. Blattstab-
sima). A rakings ima with cavettop rofile,g ener- First. See Ridge.
ally carryingt he painted decorationo f a tongue Firstpalmette.S ee Ridge palmette.
pattern abovea single or double guilloche. Firstziegel. See Ridge tile.
Chainette. See Guilloche. Flach- und Deckziegel. See Combinationt ile.
Colmo. See Ridge. Flachziegel. See Pan tile.
COMBINATIOTNIL E (Germ. Flach- und Deckziegel, FLANGE (Fr. recouvrement, Germ. Falz). A tongue
Gk. KEpap,se 7rTLvyos). A tile which has the pan projecting from one edge of a piece (pan tile,
and cover elements manufacturedi n one piece. raking sima) to overlap the next lower piece on
Corinthians ima. See Ovolo sima. the slope.
Couvre-joint.S ee Cover tile. Flechtband.S ee Guilloche.
COVER TILE (Fr. couvre-joint, Germ. Deckziegel, Frontleiste.S ee Taenia.
Gk. KaAv7rTTp as). The tile designed to cover
the space between adjacentp an tiles, to protect GADROON (Gk. avayAv7rra fvXA\a). A tongue in
the interstices and the wooden beam below; it convex relief.
sits on top of the two pan tiles. Gargouille. See Waterspout.
8 GLOSSARY
GEISONT ILE (Germ. Geisonziegel). An eaves tile Matrix. See Mold.
with a curveds offit forming a drip. Matrize. See Mold.
Geisonziegel.S ee Geison tile. Megarian sima. See Ovolo sima.
Gewohnliche Ziegel. See Plain tile. M? rpa. See Mold.
Giebelsima. See Raking sima. MOLD (Fr. matrix, moule, Germ. Matrize, Gk. ,Ij-
Gola. See Cavetto.
Tpa, KaXovTL). The form into which clay is
GUILLOCHE (Fr. chainette, tresse, It. treccia, Germ. pressedt o manufacturem ultiple copies.
Flechtband,G k. 7rAoXoXMA) c. able pattern. MOLDING (Fr. moulure, It. sagoma, Germ. Profil-
leiste, Gk. Kv/uaaTLoA). contouredo rnamento n
Half-round. See Torus.
the visible face of a piece.
HAWKSBEAK (Fr. bec de corbin, It. becco di civetta, Moule. See Mold.
Germ. Uberschlagskarnies, Gk. KovKovf,ayta). Moulure. See Molding.
A concavep rofile which resemblest he beak of a
hawk.
OT-7rro6v Aos. See Terracotta.
HIP ROOF( Fr. toit a croupe or a aretier, Germ. Ove. See Ovolo.
Walmdach, Gk. o-reyry TpLp'lXrTA7 ).d ouble- OVOLO(F r. ovolo, It. ovolo or ove, Germ. Wulst, Gk.
sloped roof with a third slope at one short end aju1vybaXoA). convex molding forming almost
in place of a pediment.
one quarter of a circle.
Hohlkehle. See Cavetto.
OVOLOS IMA (also Corinthian or Megarian sima,
Germ. Wellensima). A raking sima with an
KaXov7tir.S ee Mold.
ovolo profile above a fascia, over which is gen-
KaAv7rrrpTa s. See Cover tile.
Kehle. See Cavetto. erally painted an anthemion.
KepaCigEs7 raETrsS. ee Raking sima.
Kepa,usl7 rapaerLTS. ee Lateral sima. PAN TILE (Fr. tuile courante, Germ. Flachziegel,
KepapIlsE 7rLCvyoSse.e Combinationt ile. Gk. mrTpwTrjpaST). he tile designed to carry
Kepa/LisK opvfala. See Ridge tile. rain water off a sloped roof.
KepaLt'Irss o-re-yrySs.e e Roof tile. HIapaerisi por4jS. ee Lateral sima.
KoLCXwOSiae.e Cavetto. PLAINT ILE (Germ. gewohnliche Ziegel, Gk. aye-
Kopv4 '. See Ridge. Xala KEpa,isA).T he ordinary tiles of the roof
KovKov/3ayta. See Hawksbeak. slope.
KViALTLSoee. Molding. HXdaKaS. ee Plaque.
PLAQUE( Fr. lastre, It. lastra, Germ. Platte, Gk.
Languette. See Tongue pattern. 7rXaKa).A vertical element which can be sepa-
Lastra. See Plaque. rate or attachedt o one end of a covert ile (form-
Lastre. See Plaque. ing an antefix) or a pan tile (forming a sima).
LATERALS IMA( Fr. sima laterale, sima d'egout or de Platte. See Plaque.
rive, It. sima laterale, Germ. Traufsima, Gk. Plattenborte.S ee Fascia.
7rapaeTist crLM7rK, epaMiL 7rapaeTIV). The sima mIAoyox. See Guilloche.
which runs along the sides of a roof at the bot- Profilleiste.S ee Molding.
tom of the slope.
Linguetta. See Tongue pattern. Pa/38oyXvfo. See Torus.
Listel. See Taenia. RAKINGS IMA( Fr. sima de rampant, sima rampante,
Listello di base. See Fascia. It. sima di rampante, sima rampante, Germ.
Listello di coronamento.S ee Taenia. Giebelsima, Schragsima,G k. E7raerT?l r4A7r,K E-
Listello di zoccolo.S ee Fascia. padl's E7TaErTL)T. he sima which runs along the
Listello superiore.S ee Taenia. edge of the pediment (the rakes).
Aovpita. See Taenia. Recouvrement.S ee Flange.
GLOSSARY 9
Revetement.S ee Revetmentp laque. Sockel. See Fascia.
REVETMENPTL AQUE(F r. revetement, It. rivestimen- Erey,? TpLplXTr?S. ee Hip roof.
to, Germ. Verkleidungsplatte, Gk. e7rEvbv0-?)). Stirnleiste.S ee Taenia.
A plaque which is generally nailed to a wooden Stirnziegel.S ee Antefix.
element to protect it. -rpworTpaSSe.e Pan tile.
RIDGE( Fr. faite, It. colmo, Germ. First, Gk. Kopv- TrpwT7rpars? ye/ucovS. ee Eaves tile.
rin). The apex of a sloped roof, at the ridge
beam. TAENIA( Fr. bandeau, filet, listel, tainia, It. listello di
RIDGEP ALMETT(EG erm. Firstpalmette). An up- coronamento, listello superiore, Germ. Stirn-
right plaque decoratedw ith a palmette on both leiste, Frontleiste, Gk. 'ralvia, Xovplba).A flat
faces, attachedt o the ridge tile. band running across the top of a sima or the
RIDGE TILE (Fr. tuile faitiere, Germ. Firstziegel, front edge of an eaves tile.
Gk. Kepacld Kopv(ala). The uppermost pan Tainia. See Taenia.
and/or cover tile which overlaps the ridge of a TaLvla.S ee Taenia.
sloped roof. Tegola. See Roof tile, Tile.
Rive. See Eaves.
TERRACOTTA(F r. terre cuite, It. terra cotta, Germ.
RRiovlel.s Stieme eTnotrou.S se. e Revetmentp laque. Terrakotta,G k. OTTOd wXAodsF).i red clay.
Terre cuite. See Terracotta.
ROOFT ILE (Fr. tuile, It. tegola, Germ. Dachziegel, TILE (Fr. tuile, It. tegola, Germ. Ziegel). See Roof
Gk. K?pap,tlsr 7ts orreyqy). A piece of fired clay, tile.
generally laid on the roof to overlap and be
Toit a croupe or a aretier. See Hip roof.
overlapped by another, to protect the building
Tondino. See Torus.
below.
TONGUEP ATTERN(a lso Doric leaf or tongue, Fr.
Rundstab. See Torus.
languette or feuille dorique, It. linguetta,
Sagoma. See Molding. Germ. Blattstab, Zungenmuster, Gk. fvAXxo).
SCALE PATTERN (Fr. ecailles, It. scaglie, Germ. A row of panels with roundede nds at the top.
Tore. See Torus.
Schuppenmuster, Gk. fvAX\a foXtbOdra)A.
painted design resembling overlapping fish TORUS (also half-round, roll, Fr. baguette, tore,
scales. It. bastoncino, tondino, Germ. Rundstab,
Schragsima.S ee Raking sima. Wulst, Gk. pa/,b6'yAvfo).A convex,h alf-round
Schuppenmuster.S ee Scale pattern. molding.
Trauf. See Eaves.
Scaglie. See Scale pattern.
SIMA. A pan tile with a vertical plaque attached Traufrand. See Eaves tile.
along one edge to divert rain water off the roof. Traufsima. See Lateral sima.
Sima d'egout. See Lateral sima. Traufziegel. See Eaves tile.
Sima de rampant. See Raking sima. Treccia. See Guilloche.
Sima de rive. See Lateral sima. Tresse. See Guilloche.
Sima di rampante.S ee Raking sima. Tubo di gronda. See Waterspout.
Sima en cavet. See Cavetto sima. Tuile. See Roof tile.
Sima laterale. See Lateral sima. Tuile courante.S ee Pan tile.
Sima laterale. See Lateral sima. Tuile faitiere. See Ridge tile.
Sima rampant. See Raking sima. Tuile d'egout. See Eaves tile.
Sima rampante.S ee Raking sima. Tuile de rive. See Eaves tile.
SLIP (Fr. engobei Germ. Uberzug, Gr. e7rlXpl-r,uLa).
A thin layer of purified clay spread in liquified Uberschlagskarnies.S ee Hawksbeak.
form across the surface of the piece before Uberzug. See Slip.
firing. Y8poppo'?S. ee Waterspout.