HERNIA SURGERY Simplified HERNIA SURGERY Simplified Sachin Kuber MS (General Surgeon) Director (Panel Surgeon) Oyster and Pearl Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India Rajiv Gandhi Medical University, Karnataka, India Sanjeevan Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India Yashada Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India ® JAYPEE BROTHERS MEDICAL PUBLISHERS (P) LTD New Delhi • London • Philadelphia • Panama ® Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd. Headquarters Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd. 4838/24, Ansari Road, Daryaganj New Delhi 110 002, India Phone: +91-11-43574357 Fax: +91-11-43574314 Email: [email protected] Overseas Offices J.P. Medical Ltd. Jaypee-Highlights Medical Publishers Inc. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers Ltd. 83, Victoria Street, London City of Knowledge, Bld. 237, Clayton The Bourse SW1H 0HW (UK) Panama City, Panama 111 South Independence Mall East Phone: +44-2031708910 Phone: + 507-301-0496 Suite 835, Philadelphia, PA 19106, USA Fax: +02-03-0086180 Fax: + 507- 301-0499 Phone: + 267-519-9789 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd. 17/1-B, Babar Road, Block-B, Shaymali Shorakhute, Kathmandu Mohammadpur, Dhaka-1207 Nepal Bangladesh Phone: +00977-9841528578 Mobile: +08801912003485 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Website: www.jaypeebrothers.com Website: www.jaypeedigital.com © 2013, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers All rights reserved. No part of this book and DVD-ROM may be reproduced in any form or by any means without the prior permission of the publisher. Inquiries for bulk sales may be solicited at: [email protected] This book has been published in good faith that the contents provided by the author contained herein are original, and is intended for educational purposes only. While every effort is made to ensure accuracy of information, the publisher and the author specifically dis- claim any damage, liability, or loss incurred, directly or indirectly, from the use or application of any of the contents of this work. If not specifically stated, all figures and tables are courtesy of the author. Where appropriate, the readers should consult with a specialist or contact the manufacturer of the drug or device. Hernia Surgery Simplified First Edition: 2013 ISBN: 978-93-5025-949-8 Printed at Dedicated to My mother Late Mrs Anjali Bhaskar Kuber My father Mr Bhaskar D Kuber My better half Dr (Mrs) Mugdha Sachin Kuber My teacher Dr Laxmikant Shah PREFACE It is my great pleasure to introduce to you, all readers another marvel from M/s Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd, New Delhi, India, and me. The book Hernia Surgery Simplified is a totally new concept of book writing. This is very vast and complicated subject and any book written on this subject can never be perfect. As medical field is changing and evolving so fast, that to accomplish this information in a single book is too difficult to comply. Here, we have come up with a short book explaining about the facts of hernia repair. The aim of the book is to present the latest techniques of hernia surgery prevalent today. We have tried to cover this huge subject in short but adequate manner. All the chapters contain new and relevant, useful techniques of various types of hernia repair. All the obsolete techniques are eliminated from the book. Our book also lets readers to know about the latest mesh products available in the market, to make them familiar. Our outlook in writing the book is to make hernia surgery easy for learners, surgeons in a way that they will get the ready and useful information on this subject. To prepare a book in a handy manner is difficult than writing a huge book. We have compiled the latest techniques on hernia repair in the book. This will surely help the undergraduate and postgraduate students to understand what is happening in the medical and surgical field today. It is our sincere attempt to put this valuable information on hernia surgery for your approval. We hope that this detailed book dedicated to hernia repair will be useful in updating the knowledge of the learners. Sincerely, I thank M/s Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd, New Delhi, India, for giving me an opportunity to write the book. Sachin Kuber CONTENTS 1. Milestones in Hernia Surgery 1 • History of the Procedure 3 2. Surgical Anatomy of Hernia Sites 5 • Surgical Anatomy of Hernia Sites 5 • External Anatomy of Abdominal Wall—The Surface Markings 6 • The Fascia 7 • Rectus Abdominis and Rectus Sheath 8 • Importance of Langer’s Lines in Hernia Surgery 16 • Vascular Supply of Abdomen 17 • Posterior Abdominal Wall 21 • Blood Supply of Posterior Abdominal Wall 22 • Deep Inguinal Ring 23 • Diaphragm 29 • Esophageal Hiatus 30 3. Incidence, Prevalence of Hernia 32 • Incidence, Prevalence of Hernias (Abdominal) 32 • Epidemiology 34 • Epigastric Hernia 34 • Hiatal Hernia 34 • Epidemiology of Inguinal Hernia Survey Results 35 4. Etiology of Herniation 37 • Etiology 37 • Pathophysiology 39 5. Prosthesis Used in Hernioplasty 46 • Use of Prosthetics in Hernia Repair 46 • Permacol 49 • AlloDerm Mesh 49 • Flat Nonabsorbable/Partially Absorbable Mesh 50