Hermas, Tatian, Athenagoras, Theophilus, and Clement of Alexandria

962 Pages·2005·5.19 MB·English

by  Philip Schaff

ANF02. Fathers of the Second Century:
Hermas, Tatian, Athenagoras, Theophilus,
and Clement of Alexandria (Entire)
by
Philip Schaff
About ANF02. Fathers of the Second Century: Hermas, Tatian, Athenagoras,
Theophilus, and Clement of Alexandria (Entire) by Philip Schaff
Title: ANF02. Fathers of the Second Century: Hermas, Tatian, Athenagoras,
Theophilus, and Clement of Alexandria (Entire)
URL: http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/anf02.html
Author(s): Schaff, Philip
Publisher: Grand Rapids, MI: Christian Classics Ethereal Library
Rights: Public Domain
Date Created: 2004-02-03
Status: Extended Latin sections (pp. 260-262, 381-402 of print edition) have
not been proofed. (Anyone want to provide a translation?)
CCEL Subjects: All; Early Church; Proofed
LC Call no: BR60.A62
LC Subjects: Christianity
Early Christian Literature. Fathers of the Church, etc.
ANF02. Fathers of the Second Century: Hermas, Tatian, Philip Schaff
Athenagoras, Theophilus, and Clement of Alexandria (Entire)
Table of Contents
About This Book. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. ii
Title Page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 1
THE PASTOR OF HERMAS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 3
Introductory Note. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 3
Book First.—Visions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 9
Vision First. Against Filthy and Proud Thoughts, and the Carelessness
of Hermas in Chastising His Sons.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 9
Vision Second. Again, of His Neglect in Chastising His Talkative Wife
and His Lustful Sons, and of His Character.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 12
Vision Third. Concerning the Building of the Triumphant Church, and the
Various Classes of Reprobate Men.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 14
Vision Fourth. Concerning the Trial and Tribulation that are to Come Upon
Men.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 22
Vision Fifth. Concerning the Commandments.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 24
Book Second.—Commandments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 25
Commandment First. On Faith in God.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 25
Commandment Second. On Avoiding Evil-Speaking, and on Giving Alms
in Simplicity.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 26
Commandment Third. On Avoiding Falsehood, and on the Repentance
of Hermas for His Dissimulation.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 26
Commandment Fourth. On Putting One’s Wife Away for Adultery.. . . . . p. 27
Commandment Fifth. Of Sadness of Heart, and of Patience.. . . . . . . p. 29
Commandment Sixth. How to Recognise the Two Spirits Attendant on
Each Man, and How to Distinguish the Suggestions of the One from
Those of the Other.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 31
Commandment Seventh. On Fearing God, and Not Fearing the
Devil.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 32
Commandment Eighth. We Ought to Shun that Which is Evil, and Do that
Which is Good.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 33
Commandment Ninth. Prayer Must Be Made to God Without Ceasing,
and with Unwavering Confidence.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 34
Commandment Tenth. Of Grief, and Not Grieving the Spirit of God Which
is in Us.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 35
Commandment Eleventh. The Spirit and Prophets to Be Tried by Their
Works; Also of the Two Kinds of Spirit.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 37
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ANF02. Fathers of the Second Century: Hermas, Tatian, Philip Schaff
Athenagoras, Theophilus, and Clement of Alexandria (Entire)
Commandment Twelfth. On the Twofold Desire. The Commandments of
God Can Be Kept, and Believers Ought Not to Fear the Devil.. . . . . . p. 38
Book Third.—Similitudes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 41
Similitude First. As in This World We Have No Abiding City, We Ought
to Seek One to Come.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 41
Similitude Second. As the Vine is Supported by the Elm, So is the Rich
Man Helped by the Prayer of the Poor.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 43
Similitude Third. As in Winter Green Trees Cannot Be Distinguished from
Withered, So in This World Neither Can the Just from the Unjust.. . . . . p. 44
Similitude Fourth. As in Summer Living Trees are Distinguished from
Withered by Fruit and Living Leaves, So in the World to Come the Just
Differ from the Unjust in Happiness.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 44
Similitude Fifth. Of True Fasting and Its Reward: Also of Purity of
Body.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 45
Similitude Sixth. Of the Two Classes of Voluptuous Men, and of Their
Death, Falling Away, and the Duration of Their Punishment.. . . . . . . p. 50
Similitude Seventh. They Who Repent Must Bring Forth Fruits Worthy of
Repentance.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 53
Similitude Eighth. The Sins of the Elect and of the Penitent are of Many
Kinds, But All Will Be Rewarded According to the Measure of Their
Repentance and Good Works.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 54
Similitude Ninth. The Great Mysteries in the Building of the Militant and
Triumphant Church.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 60
Similitude Tenth. Concerning Repentance and Alms-Giving.. . . . . . . p. 76
Elucidations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 78
TATIAN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 82
Introductory Note. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 82
Address to the Greeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 84
Chapter I. The Greeks Claim, Without Reason, the Invention of the
Arts.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 84
Chapter II. The Vices and Errors of the Philosophers.. . . . . . . . . . . . p. 85
Chapter III. Ridicule of the Philosophers.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 86
Chapter IV. The Christians Worship God Alone.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 86
Chapter V. The Doctrine of the Christians as to the Creation of the
World.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 87
Chapter VI. Christians’ Belief in the Resurrection.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 88
Chapter VII. Concerning the Fall of Man.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 88
Chapter VIII. The Demons Sin Among Mankind.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 89
Chapter IX. They Give Rise to Superstitions.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 90
Chapter X. Ridicule of the Heathen Divinities.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 91
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ANF02. Fathers of the Second Century: Hermas, Tatian, Philip Schaff
Athenagoras, Theophilus, and Clement of Alexandria (Entire)
Chapter XI. The Sin of Men Due Not to Fate, But to Free-Will.. . . . . . p. 91
Chapter XII. The Two Kinds of Spirits.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 92
Chapter XIII. Theory of the Soul’s Immortality.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 93
Chapter XIV. The Demons Shall Be Punished More Severely Than
Men.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 94
Chapter XV. Necessity of a Union with the Holy Spirit.. . . . . . . . . . . p. 94
Chapter XVI. Vain Display of Power by the Demons.. . . . . . . . . . . . p. 95
Chapter XVII. They Falsely Promise Health to Their Votaries.. . . . . . p. 96
Chapter XVIII. They Deceive, Instead of Healing.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 97
Chapter XIX. Depravity Lies at the Bottom of Demon-Worship.. . . . . . p. 97
Chapter XX. Thanks are Ever Due to God.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 98
Chapter XXI. Doctrines of the Christians and Greeks Respecting God
Compared.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 99
Chapter XXII. Ridicule of the Solemnities of the Greeks.. . . . . . . . . . p. 100
Chapter XXIII. Of the Pugilists and Gladiators.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 100
Chapter XXIV. Of the Other Public Amusements.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 101
Chapter XXV. Boastings and Quarrels of the Philosophers.. . . . . . . . p. 101
Chapter XXVI. Ridicule of the Studies of the Greeks.. . . . . . . . . . . . p. 102
Chapter XXVII. The Christians are Hated Unjustly.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 103
Chapter XXVIII. Condemnation of the Greek Legislation.. . . . . . . . . . p. 103
Chapter XXIX. Account of Tatian’s Conversion.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 103
Chapter XXX. How He Resolved to Resist the Devil.. . . . . . . . . . . . p. 104
Chapter XXXI. The Philosophy of the Christians More Ancient Than that
of the Greeks.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 104
Chapter XXXII. The Doctrine of the Christians, is Opposed to Dissensions,
and Fitted for All.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 105
Chapter XXXIII. Vindication of Christian Women.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 106
Chapter XXXIV. Ridicule of the Statues Erected by the Greeks.. . . . . p. 107
Chapter XXXV. Tatian Speaks as an Eye-Witness.. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 108
Chapter XXXVI. Testimony of the Chaldeans to the Antiquity of
Moses.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 108
Chapter XXXVII. Testimony of the Phœnicians.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 109
Chapter XXXVIII. The Egyptians Place Moses in the Reign of
Inachus.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 109
Chapter XXXIX. Catalogue of the Argive Kings.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 109
Chapter XL. Moses More Ancient and Credible Than the Heathen
Heroes.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 110
Chapter XLI.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 111
Chapter XLII. Concluding Statement as to the Author.. . . . . . . . . . . p. 111
Fragments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 112
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ANF02. Fathers of the Second Century: Hermas, Tatian, Philip Schaff
Athenagoras, Theophilus, and Clement of Alexandria (Entire)
THEOPHILUS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 114
Introductory Note. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 114
Theophilus to Autolycus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 115
Book I. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 116
Chapter I.—Autolycus an Idolater and Scorner of Christians.. . . . . . p. 116
Chapter II.—That the Eyes of the Soul Must Be Purged Ere God Can
Be Seen.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 116
Chapter III.—Nature of God.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 117
Chapter IV.—Attributes of God.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 117
Chapter V.—The Invisible God Perceived Through His Works.. . . . . p. 118
Chapter VI.—God is Known by His Works.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 118
Chapter VII.—We Shall See God When We Put on Immortality.. . . . . p. 119
Chapter VIII.—Faith Required in All Matters.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 119
Chapter IX.—Immoralities of the Gods.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 120
Chapter X.—Absurdities of Idolatry.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 120
Chapter XI.—The King to Be Honoured, God to Be Worshipped.. . . . p. 121
Chapter XII.—Meaning of the Name Christian.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 121
Chapter XIII.—The Resurrection Proved by Examples.. . . . . . . . . . p. 121
Chapter XIV.—Theophilus an Example of Conversion.. . . . . . . . . . p. 122
Book II. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 123
Chapter I.—Occasion of Writing This Book.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 123
Chapter II.—The Gods are Despised When They are Made; But Become
Valuable When Bought.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 123
Chapter III.—What Has Become of the Gods?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 124
Chapter IV.—Absurd Opinions of the Philosophers Concerning
God.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 125
Chapter V.—Opinions of Homer and Hesiod Concerning the
Gods.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 125
Chapter VI.—Hesiod on the Origin of the World.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 126
Chapter VII.—Fabulous Heathen Genealogies.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 127
Chapter VIII.— Opinions Concerning Providence.. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 128
Chapter IX.—The Prophets Inspired by the Holy Ghost.. . . . . . . . . p. 130
Chapter X.—The World Created by God Through the Word.. . . . . . p. 130
Chapter XI.—The Six Days’ Work Described.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 131
Chapter XII.—The Glory of the Six Days’ Work.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 133
Chapter XIII.—Remarks on the Creation of the World.. . . . . . . . . . p. 133
Chapter XIV.—The World Compared to the Sea.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 134
Chapter XV.—Of the Fourth Day.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 135
Chapter XVI.—Of the Fifth Day.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 135
Chapter XVII.—Of the Sixth Day.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 136
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ANF02. Fathers of the Second Century: Hermas, Tatian, Philip Schaff
Athenagoras, Theophilus, and Clement of Alexandria (Entire)
Chapter XVIII.—The Creation of Man.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 136
Chapter XIX.—Man is Placed in Paradise.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 137
Chapter XX.—The Scriptural Account of Paradise.. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 137
Chapter XXI.—Of the Fall of Man.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 138
Chapter XXII.—Why God is Said to Have Walked.. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 139
Chapter XXIII.—The Truth of the Account in Genesis.. . . . . . . . . . p. 139
Chapter XXIV.—The Beauty of Paradise.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 140
Chapter XXV.—God Was Justified in Forbidding Man to Eat of the Tree
of Knowledge.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 141
Chapter XXVI.—God’s Goodness in Expelling Man from
Paradise.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 141
Chapter XXVII.—The Nature of Man.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 142
Chapter XXVIII.—Why Eve Was Formed of Adam’s Rib.. . . . . . . . . p. 142
Chapter XXIX.—Cain’s Crime.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 143
Chapter XXX.—Cain’s Family and Their Inventions.. . . . . . . . . . . . p. 143
Chapter XXXI.—The History After the Flood.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 144
Chapter XXXII.—How the Human Race Was Dispersed.. . . . . . . . . p. 145
Chapter XXXIII.—Profane History Gives No Account of These
Matters.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 146
Chapter XXXIV.—The Prophets Enjoined Holiness of Life.. . . . . . . p. 146
Chapter XXXV.—Precepts from the Prophetic Books.. . . . . . . . . . . p. 147
Chapter XXXVI.—Prophecies of the Sibyl.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 148
Chapter XXXVII.—The Testimonies of the Poets.. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 151
Chapter XXXVIII.—The Teachings of the Greek Poets and Philosophers
Confirmatory of Those of the Hebrew Prophets.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 152
Book III. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 153
Chapter I.—Autolycus Not Yet Convinced.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 154
Chapter II.—Profane Authors Had No Means of Knowing the
Truth.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 154
Chapter III.—Their Contradictions.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 154
Chapter IV.—How Autolycus Had Been Misled by False Accusations
Against the Christians.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 155
Chapter V.—Philosophers Inculcate Cannibalism.. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 155
Chapter VI.—Other Opinions of the Philosophers.. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 156
Chapter VII.—Varying Doctrine Concerning the Gods.. . . . . . . . . . p. 156
Chapter VIII.—Wickedness Attributed to the Gods by Heathen
Writers.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 158
Chapter IX.—Christian Doctrine of God and His Law.. . . . . . . . . . . p. 158
Chapter X.—Of Humanity to Strangers.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 159
Chapter XI.—Of Repentance.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 159
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ANF02. Fathers of the Second Century: Hermas, Tatian, Philip Schaff
Athenagoras, Theophilus, and Clement of Alexandria (Entire)
Chapter XII.—Of Righteousness.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 160
Chapter XIII.—Of Chastity.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 160
Chapter XIV.—Of Loving Our Enemies.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 161
Chapter XV.—The Innocence of the Christians Defended.. . . . . . . . p. 161
Chapter XVI.—Uncertain Conjectures of the Philosophers.. . . . . . . p. 162
Chapter XVII.—Accurate Information of the Christians.. . . . . . . . . . p. 162
Chapter XVIII.—Errors of the Greeks About the Deluge.. . . . . . . . . p. 163
Chapter XIX.—Accurate Account of the Deluge.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 163
Chapter XX.—Antiquity of Moses.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 164
Chapter XXI.—Of Manetho’s Inaccuracy.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 164
Chapter XXII.—Antiquity of the Temple.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 165
Chapter XXIII.—Prophets More Ancient Than Greek Writers.. . . . . . p. 165
Chapter XXIV.—Chronology from Adam.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 166
Chapter XXV.—From Saul to the Captivity.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 167
Chapter XXVI.—Contrast Between Hebrew and Greek Writings.. . . . . p. 167
Chapter XXVII.—Roman Chronology to the Death of M. Aurelius.. . . . p. 168
Chapter XXVIII.—Leading Chronological Epochs.. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 169
Chapter XXIX.—Antiquity of Christianity.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 169
Chapter XXX.—Why the Greeks Did Not Mention Our Histories.. . . . . p. 170
ATHENAGORAS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 171
Introductory Note. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 171
A Plea for the Christians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 174
Chapter I.—Injustice Shown Towards the Christians.. . . . . . . . . . . . p. 174
Chapter II.—Claim to Be Treated as Others are When Accused.. . . . . p. 175
Chapter III.—Charges Brought Against the Christians.. . . . . . . . . . . p. 176
Chapter IV.—The Christians are Not Atheists, But Acknowledge One
Only God.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 176
Chapter V.—Testimony of the Poets to the Unity of God.. . . . . . . . . . p. 177
Chapter VI.—Opinions of the Philosophers as to the One God.. . . . . . p. 178
Chapter VII.—Superiority of the Christian Doctrine Respecting
God.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 179
Chapter VIII.—Absurdities of Polytheism.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 179
Chapter IX.—The Testimony of the Prophets.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 180
Chapter X.—The Christians Worship the Father, Son, and Holy
Ghost.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 181
Chapter XI.—The Moral Teaching of the Christians Repels the Charge
Brought Against Them.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 181
Chapter XII.—Consequent Absurdity of the Charge of Atheism.. . . . . p. 182
Chapter XIII.—Why the Christians Do Not Offer Sacrifices.. . . . . . . . p. 183
Chapter XIV.—Inconsistency of Those Who Accuse the Christians.. . . . p. 183
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ANF02. Fathers of the Second Century: Hermas, Tatian, Philip Schaff
Athenagoras, Theophilus, and Clement of Alexandria (Entire)
Chapter XV.—The Christians Distinguish God from Matter.. . . . . . . . p. 184
Chapter XVI.—The Christians Do Not Worship the Universe.. . . . . . . p. 184
Chapter XVII.—The Names of the Gods and Their Images are But of
Recent Date.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 185
Chapter XVIII.—The Gods Themselves Have Been Created, as the Poets
Confess.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 186
Chapter XIX.—The Philosophers Agree with the Poets Respecting the
Gods.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 187
Chapter XX.—Absurd Representations of the Gods.. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 188
Chapter XXI.—Impure Loves Ascribed to the Gods.. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 189
Chapter XXII.—Pretended Symbolical Explanations.. . . . . . . . . . . . p. 191
Chapter XXIII.—Opinions of Thales and Plato.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 193
Chapter XXIV.—Concerning the Angels and Giants.. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 194
Chapter XXV.—The Poets and Philosophers Have Denied a Divine
Providence.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 195
Chapter XXVI.—The Demons Allure Men to the Worship of
Images.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 197
Chapter XXVII.—Artifices of the Demons.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 197
Chapter XXVIII.—The Heathen Gods Were Simply Men.. . . . . . . . . . p. 198
Chapter XXIX.—Proof of the Same from the Poets.. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 199
Chapter XXX.—Reasons Why Divinity Has Been Ascribed to Men.. . . . p. 200
Chapter XXXI.—Confutation of the Other Charges Brought Against the
Christians.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 201
Chapter XXXII.—Elevated Morality of the Christians.. . . . . . . . . . . . p. 202
Chapter XXXIII.—Chastity of the Christians with Respect to
Marriage.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 203
Chapter XXXIV.—The Vast Difference in Morals Between the Christians
and Their Accusers.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 203
Chapter XXXV.—The Christians Condemn and Detest All Cruelty.. . . . p. 204
Chapter XXXVI.—Bearing of the Doctrine of the Resurrection on the
Practices of the Christians.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 205
Chapter XXXVII.—Entreaty to Be Fairly Judged.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 205
The Resurrection of the Dead. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 206
Chapter I.—Defence of the Truth Should Precede Discussions Regarding
It.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 206
Chapter II.—A Resurrection is Not Impossible.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 207
Chapter III.—He Who Could Create, Can Also Raise Up the Dead.. . . . p. 208
Chapter IV.—Objection from the Fact that Some Human Bodies Have
Become Part of Others.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 208
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ANF02. Fathers of the Second Century: Hermas, Tatian, Philip Schaff
Athenagoras, Theophilus, and Clement of Alexandria (Entire)
Chapter V.—Reference to the Processes of Digestion and
Nutrition.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 209
Chapter VI.—Everything that is Useless or Hurtful is Rejected.. . . . . . p. 210
Chapter VII.—The Resurrection-Body Different from the Present.. . . . . p. 211
Chapter VIII.—Human Flesh Not the Proper or Natural Food of
Men.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 211
Chapter IX.—Absurdity of Arguing from Man’s Impotency.. . . . . . . . . p. 212
Chapter X.—It Cannot Be Shown that God Does Not Will a
Resurrection.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 212
Chapter XI.—Recapitulation.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 213
Chapter XII.—Argument for the Resurrection /rom the Purpose
Contemplated in Man’s Creation.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 214
Chapter XIII.—Continuation of the Argument.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 215
Chapter XIV.—The Resurrection Does Not Rest Solely on the Fact of a
Future Judgment.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 216
Chapter XV.—Argument for the Resurrection from the Nature of
Man.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 217
Chapter XVI—Analogy of Death and Sleep, and Consequent Argument
for the Resurrection.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 218
Chapter XVII.—The Series of Changes We Can Now Trace in Man
Renders a Resurrection Probable.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 219
Chapter XVIII.—Judgment Must Have Reference Both to Soul and Body:
There Will Therefore Be a Resurrection.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 220
Chapter XIX.—Man Would Be More Unfavourably Situated Than the
Beasts If There Were No Resurrection.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 221
Chapter XX.—Man Must Be Possessed Both of a Body and Soul
Hereafter, that the Judgment Passed Upon Him May Be Just.. . . . . . p. 222
Chapter XXI.—Continuation of the Argument.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 222
Chapter XXII.—Continuation of the Argument.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 223
Chapter XXIII.—Continuation of the Argument.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 224
Chapter XXIV.—Argument for the Resurrection from the Chief End of
Man.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 224
Chapter XXV.—Argument Continued and Concluded.. . . . . . . . . . . . p. 225
CLEMENT OF ALEXANDRIA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 227
Introductory Note. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 227
Exhortation to the Heathen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 232
Chapter I.—Exhortation to Abandon the Impious Mysteries of Idolatry for
the Adoration of the Divine Word and God the Father.. . . . . . . . . . . p. 232
Chapter II.—The Absurdity and Impiety of the Heathen Mysteries and
Fables About the Birth and Death of Their Gods.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 237
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