Herbicides, Physiology of Action, and Safety PDF
Preview Herbicides, Physiology of Action, and Safety
Herbicides, Physiology of Action, and Safety Edited by Andrew Price, Jessica Kelton and Lina Sarunaite Herbicides, Physiology of Action, and Safety Edited by Andrew Price, Jessica Kelton and Lina Sarunaite Stole src from http://avxhome.se/blogs/exLib/ Published by AvE4EvA Copyright © 2015 All chapters are Open Access distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles even for commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. After this work has been published, authors have the right to republish it, in whole or part, in any publication of which they are the author, and to make other personal use of the work. Any republication, referencing or personal use of the work must explicitly identify the original source. As for readers, this license allows users to download, copy and build upon published chapters even for commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. Notice Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors and not necessarily those of the editors or publisher. No responsibility is accepted for the accuracy of information contained in the published chapters. The publisher assumes no responsibility for any damage or injury to persons or property arising out of the use of any materials, instructions, methods or ideas contained in the book. Publishing Process Manager Technical Editor AvE4EvA MuViMix Records Cover Designer Published December 04, 2015 ISBN-10: 953-51-2217-7 ISBN-13: 978-953-51-2217-3 Спизжено у ExLib: avxhome.se/blogs/exLib C ontents Preface Chapter 1 Reducing Herbicide Residues from Agricultural Runoff and Seepage Water by George F. Antonious Chapter 2 Potato Production near Glyphosate-resistant Crops — Injury Potential by Harlene Hatterman-Valenti and Andrew P. Robinson Chapter 3 Urban Impact on Selected Pre-Emergence Herbicides in Sediment cores by Damien A. Devault , Georges Merlina, Hélène Pascaline, Lim Puy and Eric Pinelli Chapter 4 Triazine Herbicides in the Environment by Sarka Klementova and Lucie Keltnerova Chapter 5 Biomonitoring the Environmental Quality by Bees by Maria Claudia C. Ruvolo-Takasusuki, Ludimilla Ronqui, Ana Lúcia P. Barateiro-Stuchi, Mayra C. Araujo, Fábio Fermino, Pedro R. Santos and Vagner de Alencar de Toledo Chapter 6 Herbicides and Adjuvants by Zvonko Pacanoski Chapter 7 Binding Mode Identification for 7-keto-8-Aminopelargonic Acid Synthase (AtKAPAS) Inhibitors by Nam Sook Kang, Jung-Sup Choi and In-Taek Hwang Chapter 8 Modes of Action of Different Classes of Herbicides by Shariq I. Sherwani, Ibrahim A. Arif and Haseeb A. Khan Chapter 9 The Role of White-rot Fungi in Herbicide Transformation by Olga V. Koroleva, Anatoly V. Zherdev and Natalia A. Kulikova VI Contents Chapter 10 Herbicide Metabolism in Weeds — Selectivity and Herbicide Resistance by István Jablonkai Chapter 11 Bioherbicides by Zvonko Pacanoski Chapter 12 Determining the Selectivity of Herbicides and Assessing Their Effect on Plant Roots - A Case Study with Indaziflam and Glyphosate Herbicides by Flavio Martins Garcia Blanco, Yuri Guerreiro Ramos, Murilo Francischinelli Scarso and Lúcio André de Castro Jorge Chapter 13 Safety Measures for Handlers/Workers against Herbicide Intoxication Risk by Joaquim G. Machado-Neto Chapter 14 Assessment of Wild Mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.) Resistance to ALS-inhibiting Herbicides by Anna M. Szmigielski, Jeff J. Schoenau and Hugh J. Beckie Preface Herbicides are one of the most widely used groups of pesticides worldwide for controlling weedy species in agricultural and non-crop settings. Due to the extensive use of herbicides and their value in weed management, herbicide research remains crucial for ensuring continued effective use of herbicides while minimizing detrimental effects to ecosystems. Presently, a wide range of research continues to focus on the physiology of herbicide action, the environmental impact of herbicides, and safety. The authors of Herbicides, Physiology of Action, and Safety cover multiple topics concerning current valuable herbicide research. Chapter 1 Reducing Herbicide Residues from Agricultural Runoff and Seepage Water George F. Antonious Additional information is available at the end of the chapter http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/60870 Abstract Herbicide use while being of a great benefit in controlling weeds in agricultural systems can also pose a threat to environmental quality due to off-target and off-site impacts. The increasing concern about risks associated with agricultural chemicals and specifically their impact on surface and groundwater quality is a national and international concern. In Kentucky, herbicide off-site movement occurs, allowing them to enter the Kentucky River watershed and impact surface and groundwater quality. Accordingly, it is necessa‐ ry to assess the distribution and degradation/dissipation of herbicides in agricultural soils and runoff water after field application and develop management practices and/or reme‐ diation techniques to mitigate environmental pollution by agrochemicals. The overall goal of the best management practices is to develop sustainable agricultural techniques that strike an acceptable balance between crop production benefits and ecological conser‐ vation by reducing herbicide impact on environmental quality to 1) protect watersheds by reducing the mobility of herbicides from soil into runoff and seepage water using binding agents; 2) enhance soil microbial activity that mineralizes herbicides in soil; and 3) enhance growers’ knowledge about bioremediation techniques (soil amendments, bio‐ filters, biochar, and soil microorganisms) that could be implemented to reduce herbicide mobility and protect natural water resources. Keywords: Biofilter, Biochar, Soil amendments, Organic matter, GC-MSD 1.Introduction In Kentucky agriculture, herbicides (metribuzin, bensulide, dacthal, halosulfuron, carfentra‐ zone, trifluralin, napropamide, and pendimethalin) are applied according to crop production guidelines [1]; however, their application period typically coincides with seasonal rainfall. In intensively cultivated areas, agriculture is a significant source of herbicides associated with
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